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ural products by this method. A while ago, scientists reported on the transcription of the genes responsible for the biosynthesis of such highly active marine metabolites as bryostatins and some metabolites extracted from sponges [83, 84]. The metagenome projects are being realized now on vast water areas (Monterey Bay, the Sargasso Sea) [85].

Some marine organisms are characterized by high productivity. For instance, the productivity of microalgae is higher than that of agricultural plants. They may be the sources not only of such useful for medicine substances as ω-3 fatty acids and carotenoids, but, likely, of other highly active compounds, as well as biofuel. It is necessary to select the most promising strains of these plants and to develop new-generation phytobioreactors to obtain biomass in an

amount sufficient for the solution of these problems [86]. Finally, the study of biologically active marine natural com-

pounds stimulates work aimed at the organic synthesis of these compounds, as well as that of their derivatives and analogues. As a result, extensive libraries of compounds, including those characterized by a higher activity than a substance’s prototype, are created. For instance, in the course of the investigation of histone deacetylase inhibitors, the Novartis Company, in cooperation with the group of well-known chemist-synthe- sist Nikolaou, using the marine natural compound psammaplin A (36) (Fig. 8) as a prototype, obtained a library of 3,828 substances through organic synthesis; 6 of those substances were highly active against the methicillinand vincamycin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus [5].

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