Biblio5
.pdf
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 635 |
CEPT |
Conference European Post and Telegraph (from the French) |
C/ I |
carrier-to-interference (ratio) |
CIR |
committed information rate |
CL |
connectionless |
CLLM |
consolidated link layer management |
CLNAP |
connectionless network access protocol |
CLP |
cell loss priority |
CLR |
circuit loudness rating |
CLSF |
connectionless service functions |
C/ N0 |
carrier-to-noise in 1-Hz bandwidth |
C/ N, CNR |
carrier-to-noise ratio |
CODEC, codec |
coder-decoder |
COM |
continuation of message |
compander |
compressor–expander |
CONUS |
contiguous United States |
COT |
central office terminal |
CPCS |
common part convergence sublayer |
CPE |
customer premises equipment |
CPU |
central processing unit |
CRC, crc |
cyclic redundancy check |
CRE |
corrected reference equivalent |
CREG |
concentrated range extender with gain |
CRT |
cathode-ray tube |
CS |
convergence sublayer |
CSA |
carrier serving area |
CSI |
convergence sublayer indicator |
CSMA, CSMA/ CD |
carrier sense multiple access, carrier sense multiple access |
|
with collision detection |
CSO |
composite second-order (products) |
CT |
cordless telephone |
C/ T |
carrier (level)-to-noise temperature ratio |
CTB |
composite triple beat |
CUG |
closed user group |
CVSD |
continuous variable slope delta modulation |
D/ A |
digital-to-analog |
DA |
destination address |
DAMA |
demand assignment multiple access |
DARPA, DARPANET |
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (network) |
dB |
decibel |
dBc |
decibels referenced to the carrier level |
dBd |
dB referenced to a dipole (antenna) |
dBi |
dB over an isotropic (antenna) |
dBm |
dB referenced to a milliwatt |
dBmP |
dBm psophometrically weighted |
dBmV |
dB referenced to a millivolt |
dBm0 |
dBm referenced to the zero test level point (0 TLP) |
DBPSK |
differential binary PSK |
dBr |
decibels above or below “reference” |
dBrnC |
dB reference noise C-message weighted |
636 |
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS |
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dBm |
decibels referenced to a microvolt |
|
dBW |
decibels referenced to 1 watt |
|
dc, DC |
direct current |
|
DCE |
data communications equipment, data circuit-terminating |
|
|
|
equipment |
DCPBH |
double channel planar buried heterostructure |
|
DCS |
digital cross-connect (system) |
|
DDS |
digital data system |
|
DECT |
digital European cordless telephone |
|
DFB |
distributed feedback (laser) |
|
DL |
|
data link |
DLC |
digital loop carrier |
|
DLCI |
data link connection identifier |
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DN |
|
directory number |
DNHR |
dynamic nonhierarchical routing |
|
dNp |
decineper |
|
DoD |
Department of Defense (U.S.) |
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DPC |
destination point code |
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DQDB |
distributed queue dual bus |
|
DQPSK |
differential QPSK |
|
D/ R |
distance/ radius |
|
DS0, DS1, |
“digital system” 0, 1, 1C, etc., the North |
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DS1C, DS2 |
American PCM hierarchy |
|
DS |
|
direct sequence |
DSAP |
destination service access point |
|
DSL |
digital subscriber loop, digital subscriber line |
|
DSU |
digital service unit |
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DTE |
data terminal equipment |
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DUP |
data user part |
|
EB |
|
errored block |
EBCDIC |
extended binary coded decimal interchange code |
|
Eb/ |
I0 |
energy per bit per interference density ratio |
Eb/ |
N0 |
energy per bit per noise spectral density ratio |
EC |
|
earth curvature; earth coverage |
EDD |
envelope delay distortion |
|
EDFA |
erbium-doped fiber amplifier |
|
EFS |
error-free second |
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EHF |
extremely high frequency—the frequency spectrum |
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|
|
from 30–300 GHz |
EIA |
Electronic Industries Association |
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EIRP |
effective (equivalent) isotropically radiated power |
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EMC |
electromagnetic compatibility |
|
EMI |
electromagnetic interference |
|
EN |
|
exchange number |
EOM |
end of message |
|
EOT |
end of text |
|
ERL |
echo return loss |
|
ERP |
effective radiated power |
|
ES |
|
end section, errored second |
|
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 637 |
ESF |
extended superframe |
ESS |
electronic switching system |
ETSI |
European Telecommunications Standardization Institute |
FAS |
frame alignment signal |
FCC |
Federal Communications Commission (U.S.) |
FCS |
frame check sequence |
FDD |
frequency division duplex |
FDDI |
fiber distributed data interface |
FDM |
frequency division multiplex |
FDMA |
frequency division multiple access |
FEC |
forward error correction |
FEXT |
far-end crosstalk |
FISU |
fill-in signal unit |
FLTR |
filter |
FM |
frequency modulation |
FPLMTS |
future public land mobile telecommunication system |
FPS |
frames per second |
FRAD |
frame relay access device |
FSK |
frequency shift keying |
FSL |
free-space loss |
FSN |
forward sequence number |
FTP |
file transfer protocol |
GBLC |
Gaussian band-limited channel |
Gbps |
gigabits per second |
GBSVC |
general broadcast signaling virtual channel |
GEO |
geostationary earth orbit |
GFC |
generic flow control |
GFSK |
Gaussian FSK |
GHz |
gigahertz (Hz × 109) |
GMSK |
Gaussian minimum shift keying |
GMT |
Greenwich mean time |
GPS |
geographical positioning system |
GSM |
“group system mobile” (from the French; the digital |
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European cellular scheme), also called Global System for |
|
Mobile Communications |
GSTN |
general switched telecommunications network |
G/ T |
gain (antenna)-to-noise temperature ratio |
GTE |
General Telephone & Electronics |
HC |
head-end controller |
HDLC |
high-level data link control |
HDTV |
high definition television |
HEC |
header error control |
HF |
high frequency; also the radio frequency band |
|
3 MHz to 30 MHz |
HFC |
hybrid fiber coax |
HPA |
high power amplifier |
HU |
high usage (route[s]) |
638 |
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS |
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Hz |
|
hertz |
IAM |
|
initial address message |
IBM |
|
International Business Machine (Inc.) |
ICMP |
|
Internet control message protocol |
IDR |
|
intermediate data rate |
IEEE |
|
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
IF |
|
intermediate frequency |
InGaAsP |
indium gallium arsenide phosphorus |
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INTELSAT |
International Telecommunication Satellite (consortium) |
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I/ O |
|
input/ output (device) |
IP |
|
Internet protocol |
IRL |
|
isotropic receive level |
IS |
|
interim standard |
ISC |
|
international switching center |
ISDN |
|
integrated services digital networks |
ISI |
|
intersymbol interference |
ISM |
|
industrial, scientific, and medical (band) |
ISO |
|
Internatinal Standards Organization |
ISUP |
|
ISDN user part |
ITT |
|
International Telephone and Telegraph Co. |
ITU |
|
International Telecommunication Union |
ITU-R |
|
ITU Radiocommunications Bureau |
ITU-T |
|
ITU Telecommunications Standardization Sector |
IXC |
|
interexchange carrier |
kbps |
|
kilobits per second |
kft |
|
kilofeet |
kHz |
|
kilohertz |
km |
|
kilometer(s) |
LAN |
|
local area network |
LATA |
|
local access and transport area |
LAP, LAPB, LAPD |
link access protocol; link access protocol, B-channel; link |
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access protocol, D-channel |
LBO |
|
line build-out |
LCC |
|
lost calls cleared |
LCD |
|
lost calls delayed |
LCH |
|
lost calls held |
LD |
|
laser diode |
LEA |
|
line-extender amplifier |
LEC |
|
local exchange carrier |
LED |
|
light-emitting diode |
LEO |
|
low earth orbit |
LLC |
|
logical link control |
LMDS |
|
local multipoint distribution system |
Ln |
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log to the natural base |
LNA |
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low noise amplifier |
LOH |
|
line overhead |
LOS |
|
loss of signal; line-of-sight |
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 639 |
LR |
loudness rating |
LRC |
longitudinal redundancy check |
LRD |
long route design |
LSB |
lower sideband |
LSI |
large scale integration |
LSSU |
link status signal unit |
m |
meter |
mA |
milliampere(s) |
MAC |
medium access control |
MAN |
metropolitan area network |
MAU |
medium attachment unit |
Mbps |
megabits per second |
MDF |
main distribution frame |
MF |
multifrequency |
MFJ |
modification of final judgement |
MFSK |
multilevel or M-ary FSK |
MID |
message identifier |
MII |
medium independent interface |
MPSK |
multilevel or M-ary PSK |
MHz |
megahertz |
MLP |
multilink procedure |
MLRD |
modified long route design |
MPEG |
Motion Picture Expert’s Group |
ms |
millisecond |
MS |
mobile station |
MSC |
mobile switching center |
MSU |
message signal unit |
MTBF |
mean time between failures |
MTP |
message transfer part |
MTSO |
mobile telephone switching office |
mV |
millivolt |
mW |
milliwatt |
MW, M/ W |
microwave |
N/ A |
not applicable |
NA |
numerical aperture |
NACK |
negative acknowledgment |
NANP |
North American Numbering Plan |
NDF |
new data flag |
NEXT |
near-end crosstalk |
NF |
noise figure |
nm |
nautical mile; nanometer |
NMT |
network management |
NNI |
network–network interface or network-node interface |
NPA |
numbering plan area |
NPC |
network parameter control |
NRM |
normal response mode; network resource management |
NRZ |
nonreturn to zero |
ns, nsec |
nanosecond(s) |
640 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
NSDU |
network services signaling data unit |
NSP |
national signaling point |
NT |
network termination |
NTSC |
National Television System Committee |
OAM, OA&M |
operations and maintenance; operations, administration and |
|
maintenance |
OC |
optical carrier (OC-1, OC-3) |
OLR |
overall loudness rating |
OPC |
originating point code |
ORE |
overall reference equivalent |
OSI |
open system interconnection |
PA |
power amplifier |
PABX |
private automatic branch exchange |
PACS |
personal access communication services |
PAD |
packet assembler–disassembler |
PAL |
phase-alternation line |
PAM |
pulse amplitude modulation |
PAR |
positive acknowledgment with retransmission |
PBX |
private branch exchange |
PC |
personal computer |
PCB |
printed circuit board |
PCI |
protocol control information |
PCM |
pulse code modulation |
PCS |
personal communication services; physical coding sublayer |
PDH |
plesiochronous digital hierarchy |
PDN |
public data network |
PDU |
protocol data unit |
PEL |
picture element |
p/ f |
poll-final |
pfd |
picofarad |
PH |
packet handling |
PHS |
personal handyphone system |
PHY |
refers to the physical layer (OSI layer 1) |
PIN |
p-intrinsic-n |
PIXEL |
picture element (same as pel) |
PLCP |
physical layer convergence protocol |
PLS |
physical layer signaling |
PM |
phase modulation; physical medium |
PMA |
physical medium attachment |
PMD |
physical layer medium dependent |
PN |
pseudonoise |
POH |
path overhead |
POP/ POT |
point of presence, point of termination |
POS |
point of sale |
POTS |
plain old telephone service |
PRI |
primary service (ISDN) |
PRS |
primary reference source |
PSK |
phase shift keying |
|
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 641 |
PSN |
public switched network |
PSPDN |
packet-switched public data network |
PSPDS |
packet-switched data transmission service |
PSTN |
public switched telecommunication network |
PTI |
payload type indicator (identifier) |
PVC |
permanent virtual circuit |
pW |
picowatt(s) |
pWp |
picowatt(s) psophometrically weighted |
QAM |
quadrature amplitude modulation |
QoS |
quality of service |
QPSK |
quadrature phase shift keying |
RARP |
reverse address resolution protocol |
RBOC |
Regional Bell Operating Company |
RC |
resistance capacitance (time constant) |
RD |
resistance design |
RE |
reference equivalent |
RELP |
residual excited linear predictive (coder) |
RF |
radio frequency |
RFI |
radio frequency interference |
RI |
route identifier |
RL |
return loss |
RLR |
receive loudness rating |
rms |
root mean square |
RNR |
receive not ready |
RR |
receive ready |
RRD |
revised resistance design |
RRE |
receive reference equivalent |
RS |
Reed-Solomon (code); reconciliation sublayer |
RSL |
receive signal level |
RSU |
remote subscriber unit |
RT |
remote terminal |
RZ |
return to zero |
SA |
source address |
SANC |
signaling area/ network code |
SAP |
service access point |
SAPI |
service access point identifier |
SAR |
segmentation and reassembly |
SBC |
sub-band coding |
SBS |
selective broadcast signaling |
SCADA |
supervisory control and data acquisition |
SCCP |
signaling connection control part |
SCPC |
signal channel per carrier |
S/ D |
signal-to-distortion ratio |
SDH |
synchronous digital hierarchy |
SDLC |
synchronous data link control |
SDT |
structured data transfer |
SDU |
service data unit |
642 |
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS |
|
SECAM |
sequential color and memory |
|
SF |
|
signal frequency (signaling) |
SFD |
|
start of frame delimiter |
SINAD |
|
signal+noise+distortion-to-noise+distortion ratio |
SLC |
|
signaling link code |
SLIC |
|
subscriber line interface card |
SLP |
|
single link procedure |
SLR |
|
send loudness rating |
SMDS |
|
switched multimegabit data service |
SMPTE |
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers |
|
SMT |
|
station management |
SN |
|
sequence number |
S/ N, SNR |
signal-to-noise ratio |
|
SNA |
|
system network architecture |
SNAP |
|
subnetwork access protocol |
SNP |
|
sequence number protection |
SOH |
|
section overhead; start of heading |
SONET |
synchronous optical network |
|
SP |
|
signaling point |
SPC |
|
stored program control |
SPE |
|
synchronous payload envelope |
SREJ |
|
selective reject |
SRTS |
|
synchronous residual time stamp |
SSAP |
|
source service access point |
SSB, SSBSC |
single sideband, single sideband suppressed carrier |
|
SSM |
|
single segment message |
ST |
|
segment type |
STL |
|
studio-to-transmitter link; Standard Telephone Laboratory |
STM |
|
synchronous transport module; synchronous transfer mode |
STP |
|
shielded twisted pair |
STS |
|
synchronous transport signal; space-time-space (switch) |
SVC |
|
switched virtual circuit |
SXS |
|
step-by-step (switch) |
TA |
|
terminal adapter |
TASO |
|
Television Allocation Study Organization |
TAT |
|
trans-atlantic (cable) |
TBD |
|
to be determined |
TC |
|
transmission convergence |
TCP/ IP |
transmission control protocol/ Internet protocol |
|
TDD |
|
time division duplex |
TDM |
|
time division multiplex |
TDMA |
|
time division multiple access |
TE |
|
terminal equipment |
TelCo |
|
telephone company |
T&G |
|
trees & growth |
THT |
|
token holding timer |
THz |
|
terahertz (1 × 1012 Hz) |
TIA |
|
Telecommunication Industry Association |
TLP |
|
test level point |
|
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 643 |
TPDU |
transport protocol data unit |
TRE |
transmit reference equivalent |
TRT |
token rotation timer |
TS |
time slot |
TSI |
time slot interchanger |
TSTS |
time space time space (switching) |
TU |
tributary unit |
TUG |
tributary unit group |
TUP |
telephone user part |
TV |
television |
TVT |
valid transmission timer |
TWT |
traveling-wave tube |
UHF |
ultra-high frequency (300 MHz to 3000 MHz) |
ULP |
upper layer protocol |
UMTS |
universal mobile telecommunication system |
UNI |
user–network interface |
UP |
user part |
UPC |
user parameter control |
ms |
microsecond |
UT |
universal time |
UTC |
universal time coordinated (coordinated universal time) |
UTP |
unshielded twisted pair |
mV |
microvolt |
mW |
microwatt |
VBR |
variable bit rate |
VC |
virtual container; virtual connection; virtual channel |
VCC |
virtual channel connection |
VCI |
virtual channel identifier |
VF |
voice frequency |
VHF |
very high frequency (30 MHz to 300 MHz) |
VHSIC |
very high speed integrated circuit |
VLSI |
very large scale integration |
VP |
virtual path |
VPC |
virtual path connection |
VPI |
virtual path identifier |
VRC |
vertical redundancy check |
VSB |
vestigial sideband |
VSWR |
voltage standing wave ratio |
VT |
virtual tributary |
WACS |
wireless access communication system |
WAN |
wide area network |
WDM |
wave(length) division multiplex |
WLAN |
wireless LAN |
WLL |
wireless local loop |
Xm |
cross-modulation |
