6. Which of the following is not true?
A. Unbounded ability of people’s memory can be developed or trained.
B. Memory’s capacity is theoretically unlimited but practically it is restricted to 20% of what is loaded into long-term memory.
C. People’s memory can be compared with a computer storing information.
D. To get rid of forgetfulness one can use a series of methods.
7. Relaxation may:
A. be hopeful when memorizing something.
B. be an important item if your mind is on something else.
C. keep your body fit for scrabbles, crosswords and quizzes.
D. combine study with exercise.
8. What are memory systems mostly based on?
A. Sequence of numbers.
B. Mnemonics.
C. Associations.
D. Safe storage of information.
9. What is correct?
A. The memory’s capacity is practically unlimited.
B. Your memory is like a brilliant.
C. Only about a quarter of our daily experience is registered.
D. Only a tiny proportion is loaded into short-term memory.
10. The word “capacity” means:
A. a feature of forgetful people.
B. an ability to receive, hold or absorb.
C. characteristics of memorabilia.
D. horizons of unlimited memory.
Questions 11 through 20 refer to Text 3.
Text 3: The British Press
The British press consists of several different kinds of newspapers.
The national papers are the ones sold all over the country, with a large readership or “circulation”, giving general news; they are produced in the capital city, London. In recent years, the circulation of the national newspapers has gone down. Some papers had to close because they weren’t making enough money – either from the sale of the paper or from the advertising in it. Some newspapers have started up in the last twenty years, for instance, The Sun and The Daily Star.
There are two main types of national paper – the “popular” papers and the “quality” papers. The popular papers are smaller in size with lots of pictures, big headlines and short articles. They are easy to read and often contain little real information, sometimes they give more space to opinions than to news. They usually have “human interest” stories, stories about ordinary people and events, which are included because they are amusing or odd. Examples of this type of newspapers are The Daily Mail, The Sun and The Daily Mirror.
“Quality” papers appeal to the more serious readers, who wants to read about politics and foreign affairs. These papers, such as The Daily Telegraph, The Times, The Guardian are bigger in size with long articles and a wider coverage of events.
People in Britain buy more papers on Sunday than on weekdays.
There are also provincial or local papers to serve towns and areas outside London; some of them are quite famous, like The Birmingham Post, for example.
Questions (on your answer sheet circle + if the statement is true, — if it is false)
11. A number of newspapers in Great Britain are of high quality.
12. Some of the newspapers no more exist because they were giving little profit.
13. Popular papers pay great attention to the problems of space exploration.
14. A reader of The Times is sure to find a description of a number of events in the newspaper.
15. The task of the quality papers is to entertain the reader.
16. People in Britain buy newspapers mainly on week-ends.
17. The Sun newspaper is easy to read.
18. Popular newspapers usually have “human interest” stories, stories about ordinary people and events, which are included because they are abusing or old.
19. The Birmingham Post is produced in the capital city, Birmingham.
20. The Daily Telegraph contains a lot of pictures, big headlines and short articles.
Questions 21 through 30 refer to Text 4.
Text 4: Christopher Columbus
In the 15th century people knew only three continents: Europe, Asia and Africa. They knew nothing about such a big continent as America.
The man who was thought to be the discoverer of America was born in 1451 in Italy. His name was Christopher Columbus. He became a sailor at an early age. Knowing that the earth was round, he decided to reach India by sailing to the west. It was very difficult for him to organize his expedition as nobody wanted to help him. Many years after the Spanish government gave him some money for his expedition, he was able to set sail only in 1492, on the 3rd of August.
The voyage was very dangerous and difficult. His men insisted on returning home, but Columbus did everything he could to make them continue their westward voyage. On the 12th of October, his ships reached land. When they landed they saw strange trees and flowers. Men and women with olive-coloured skins gathered around them and looked at them with great surprise. It was one of the Bahama Islands. But Christopher Columbus thought it was one of the islands which lie off the coast of Asia and called it San Salvador.
Columbus’ second voyage to America took place in 1493. This time he discovered some other islands of the West Indies and made some settlements there.
On the third voyage he came to South America.
In 1502 he made his last voyage. This time he coasted along the shores of Central America. In 1506 he died in Spain being sure that he had reached Asia and knowing nothing of his great discovery of the New World.
Questions (on your answer sheet circle + if the statement is true, — if it is false)
21. In the 15th century people knew only four continents.
22. They knew nothing about such a big continent as America.
23. The man who was thought to be the discoverer of America was born in 1451 in Spain.
24. Knowing that the earth was round, Columbus decided to reach India by sailing to the east.
25. The voyage was very dangerous and difficult.
26. On the 12th of October Columbus’ ships reached land.
27. Columbus’ third voyage to America took place in 1493.
28. In 1493 Columbus discovered some other islands of the West India.
29. On the third voyage Columbus came to South America.
30. In 1506 Columbus died in Spain being sure that he had reached the New World.