Особенности перевода

Passive

1. Формой русского страдательного залога.

Under the deal thirty percent of Iraq’s debt will be pardoned immediately. (Times) -

2. Возвратной формой глагола на –ся/сь.

Those electors are nominated by the respective parties in each state. (New York Times) -

The arms sales agreement is estimated to be worth a total of $ 10 bn. (International Herald Tribune) -

3. Неопределенно-личной формой глагола в действительном залоге.

Many Palestinians are prevented from going to their jobs in Israel. (Times) -

4. Личной формой глагола в действительном залоге.

The new space mission was put in danger by budget cuts. (Business Week) -

5. При переводе модальных глаголов с инфинитивом в страдательным залоге нужно пользоваться таблицей:

Модальный глагол	Русское значение
Must Should + Passive Infinitive Have to Be to	Должен, необходимо, надо, нужно, следует, приходится

Terrorism must not be used as an excuse to limit freedom of the press. (New York Times) -

The British Foreign Secretary emphasized that the Israeli settlers should not be transferred to other Palestinian areas. (Times) -

Details will have to be negotiated with other Security Council members. (BBC) -

Модальный глагол	Русское значение
Сan May + Passive Infinitive Cannot Must not	Можно Можно Не может, нельзя Не должен, нельзя

If the President had won, it could not be said that the opposition had lost. (US News and World Report)-

Varied reports suggested that up to 400 hostages may have been seized by about 40 armed militants. ((Daily Telegraph) -

The political framework must be fundamentally changed, if security agencies are to be integrated into a single command. (Newsweek) -

6. При переводе глаголов, требующих после себя определенных предлогов (to agree upon, to report to, to refer to, etc.), перевод через дополнение с соответствующим предлогом.

The president and vice president must be voted for as a team. (New York Times) -

7. Конструкции с формальным подлежащим:It is said that … говорят, что …, it is thought that … считается, полагают … , it is doubted … высказывается сомнение, что … , it is felt that … существует мнение, что … , it is expected that … ожидается, что … , it is known that … известно, что … , it must be stressed that … следует подчеркнуть, что … , It can’t be denied that … нельзя отрицать, что … , it must be added that … следует добавить, что … , it is assumed that … существует мнение, что … .

It is doubted that after the American statement North Korea will be bound by the nuclear non-proliferation treaty. (Washington Times) -

It is emphasized that the whole spectrum of defence policy will be reviewed. (Times) -

Practice

1. Palestinians were forced to flee when the Jewish state was created in 1948. (Guardian) -

2.The Secretary of State is expected to inform key members of the administration that some progress is being made in the negotiations. (BBC) -

3. The announcement was made during talks in Moscow between the Russian Foreign Minister and his Chinese counterpart. (BBC) -

4. The 21-page document was written last year. (G) -

5. In the new document the word “military” was substituted for the word “defensive”. (G) -

6.“I’m convinced that in the condition when people are being killed, the mass media cannot be simply observers”, said Russian president. (BBC) -

7.The crisis was defused in 1994 when North Korea agreed to halt its nuclear program. International Herald Tribunal) -

8.The president must do what is right – not what is expected of him. (IHT) -

1. Weapons inspectors must be able to question Iraqi scientists. The missiles recently discovered by the inspectors must be destroyed. (IHT) -

2. People who abuse alcohol should not be allowed into positions of power. (Moscow Times)-

3. The new Chinese leader said that private business could not be allowed to issue bonds to raise capital. (IHN) -

4. Many, perhaps most crimes, are never reported to the police at all. (Guardian) -

5. The new peace plan was rejected by the Prime Minister’s own party although the proposals are thought to have widespread support inside Israel. (Guardian) -

6. It is to be assumed that the UN Secretary General is going to Baghdad to get a diplomatic solution to the crisis. (Financial Times) -

7. It is commonly stated that a government should resign if defeated on a major issue in the House of Commons. (Guardian) -

8. Many observers believe that the USA will give a sympathetic ear to the idea that a constitution should be agreed upon before elections in Iraq. (IHT) -

9. The British nation is unique in this respect. They are the only people who like to be told how bad things are, who like to be told the worst. (Winston Churchill) -

10. The then Israel prime minister was assassinated by a rightwing Jewish fanatic. (Guardian) -

11. Nearly every private business in Russia is forced to pay protection money to racketeers and criminal money is reinvested in non-criminal business. (Wall Street Journal) -

12. The Russian Deputy Foreign Minister was quoted as saying that relationships between China and the United States were also likely to be raised during the talks. (BBC) -