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Challenges of the XXI Century

In my presentation I’d like to talk about the problems which are to my mind the most serious in the XXI century.

So climate change is one of the most serious issues facing our planet. Unless we take action to combat global warming, it could cause dramatic changes in the weather. In fact, it is likely to bring famine, flooding and disease on a global scale. For example, many heavily populated regions such as the Nile delta, the Netherlands and Indonesia, would be permanently flooded. Moreover, some islands, such as the Maldives in the Pacific, might disappear completely.

How can we combat global warming? The most important way is to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) by industry and motor vehicles.

The US is responsible for one quarter of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions, from 4 per cent of the world population. They must cut massively on them, however, the changes would be expensive and inconvenient to implement.

Another serious issue is war, especially religious or cultural wars and possible wars for fresh water. War devastates any country, but its impact is the most dramatic in developing countries. Children become orphans, healthy young men and women become cripples, food and water supplies are cut off, houses, schools and hospitals are destroyed, communication system fail.

One more thing that is worth discussing is longevity revolution. Modern medicine represents a miraculous triumph, the extra years of life will surely be treasured by the elderly and their families. The problem is that the revolutionary discoveries in technologies, making possible to live longer will provoke aging of the population. Besides, the retirement benefit programs were not designed to provide significant amount of money for extra years of payment. Another problem is that the birthrate considerably reduces. Unless measures will be taken the total population of Western Europe and Japan will reduce to about one-half of their current amount.

It is necessary to mention that at the dawn of the XXI century we can observe another trend that will have major impact on the humanity. The trend is the development of alternative sources of energy. As natural resources such as oil, gas and coal are likely to be exhausted rather soon, the mankind has to thing about the new ways of getting energy. These are solar energy, biofuel, atomic energy (which has many cons, but is extremely efficient), tidal power plants and so on.

In conclusion I would like to say that one more challenge in the XXI century will be to change the value system of the global society so as the main value will be human dignity and ecological sustainability. The Earth is our common home and creating a friendly world for our children and for future generations is our common task.