91. Karyolemma main functions:

    1. Structural

    2. Restrictive and transport

    3. Storage of the heredity information

    4. Synthesis of ribosome RNA

    5. Synthesis of transfer RNA

Answer: b

92. The external membrane of karyolemma is connected with:

    1. Myofibrils

    2. Lysosome

    3. Golgi complex

    4. Endoplasmic reticulum

    5. Ribosomes

Answer: d

93. The internal membrane of karyolemma is connected with:

    1. With ribosomes

    2. With nucleolus organizers

    3. With microfibrils

    4. With nucleus

    5. With chromosomes

Answer: e

94. What are the functions of chromosomes?

    1. Storage of the inherited information, synthesis of RNA and ATP

    2. Storage of the inherited information, synthesis of RNA та DNA

    3. Storage of the inherited information, synthesis of DNA and ATP

    4. Storage of the inherited information, synthesis of DNA and АDP

    5. Storage of the inherited information, synthesis of RNA and АDP

Answer: b

95. What areas of chromosomes are named heterochromatine?

    1. Ring-shaped in a nucleus, which is dividing

    2. Despiralized in a nucleus, which is dividing

    3. Separated in nondividing cell

    4. Ring-shaped in a nondividing cell

    5. Condensed

Answer: e

96. What is the light chromatin name?

    1. Euchromatin

    2. Heterochromatin

    3. Fixed chromatin

    4. Optional chromatin

    5. Marginal chromatin

Answer: a

97. What is the dark chromatin name?

    1. Euchromatin

    2. Heterochromatin

    3. Fixed chromatin

    4. Optional chromatin

    5. Marginal chromatin

Answer: b

98. Active chromatin name

    1. Euchromatin

    2. Heterochromatin

    3. Fixed chromatin

    4. Optional chromatin

    5. Marginal chromatin

Answer: a

99. Inactive chromatin name

    1. Euchromatin

    2. Heterochromatin

    3. Fixed chromatin

    4. Optional chromatin

    5. Marginal chromatin

Answer: b

100. Chemical composition of sex chromosomes:

     1. DNA, proteins-histones, carbohydrates

     2. DNA, proteins-histones, RNA

     3. Proteins, lipids, RNA

     4. RNA, proteins-histones, carbohydrates

     5. RNA, carbohydrates, DNA.

Answer: b

101. What is nucleolus main function?

     1. Synthesis of massage RNA and develop predecessors of ribosome

     2. In Synthesis of transfer RNA and develop predecessors of ribosome

     3. Ribosomal RNA formation and ribosomes

     4. Place of DNA formation and develop predecessors of ribosome

     5. Place of all RNA types formation, formation of ribosome

Answer: c

102. What does cell cycle include?

     1. G1 and G2 phases

     2. G1 and S phases

     3. G2 and S phases

     4. interphase and mitosis

     5. mitosis and S phases

answer: D

103. Usual type of somatic cells division:

     1. amitosis

     2. mitosis

     3. meiosis

     4. endomitosis

     5. irregular

answer: B

104. Type of germ cells division usually is:

     1. mitosis

     2. amitosis

     3. irregular

     4. meiosis

     5. endomitosis

answer: D

105. Mitosis means:

     1. germ cells reproduction

     2. reproduction of two cells absolutely adequate to maternal one

     3. production of especially active cells

     4. fast production of a lot of cells

     5. production of different cells

answer: B

106. Main purpose of amitosis:

     1. germ cells reproduction

     2. fast production of a lot of cells

     3. production of especially active cells

     4. reproduction of two cells absolutely adequate to maternal one

     5. production of different cells

answer: B

107. Meiosis means:

     1. reproduction of two cells absolutely adequate to maternal one

     2. production of especially active cells

     3. fast production of a lot of cells

     4. germ cells reproduction

     5. production of different cells

answer: D

108. Endomitosis result in::

     1. germ cells reproduction

     2. reproduction of two cells absolutely adequate to maternal one

     3. production of especially active cells

     4. fast production of a lot of cells

     5. production of different cells

answer: C

109. Cell cycle lasts:

     1. from telophase to G2 -phase

     2. from G1 to G2 -phase

     3. from prophase to telophase

     4. from methaphase to S-phase

     5. from previous cell division to the next one

answer: E

110. Cell cycle lasts:

     1. from prophase to telophase

     2. from methaphase to S-phase

     3. from telophase to G2- phase

     4. from G1 to G2 -phase

     5. from the “birth” of cell to it’s death

answer: E

111. Main processes in G₁ -phase of cell cycle:

     1. DNA duplication

     2. enlargement of the cell body

     3. mitotic spindle proteins synthesis

     4. separation of chromosomes

     5. cell body division

answer: B

112. Main processes in G₂ -phase of cell cycle:

     1. DNA duplication

     2. enlargement of the cell body

     3. mitotic spindle proteins synthesis

     4. separation of chromosomes

     5. cell body division

answer: C

113. Main processes in S -phase of cell cycle:

     1. DNA duplication

     2. enlargement of the cell body

     3. mitotic spindle proteins synthesis

     4. separation of chromosomes

     5. cell body division

answer: A

114. Interphase of cell cycle includes:

     1. G₁, S and G₂-phases

     2. G₁ and G₂-phases

     3. G₁ to S-phases

     4. S and G₂-phases

     5. mitosis

answer: A

115. In which phase of cell cycle the cell is performing its functions?

     1. G₀

     2. G₁

     3. S

     4. G₂

     5. mitosis

answer: A

116. In which phase of cell cycle the cell is “resting”?

     1. G₀

     2. G₁

     3. S

     4. G₂

     5. mitosis

answer: A

117. In which phase of cell cycle the cell is dividing”?

     1. G₀

     2. G₁

     3. S

     4. G₂

     5. mitosis

answer: E

118. Which cells occupy G₀-phase of cell cycle?

     1. stem cells and active functioning cells

     2. dividing somatic cells

     3. dividing germ cells

     4. abnormal cells

     5. none of above mentioned

answer: A

119. In which phase of cell cycle the cell enlarges itself?

     1. G₀

     2. G₁

     3. S

     4. G₂

     5. mitosis

answer: B

120. In which phase of cell cycle duplication of DNA occurs?

     1. G₁

     2. S

     3. G₂

     4. mitosis

     5. G₀

answer: B

121. Cell synthesizes proteins of mitotic spindle in the next phase of cell cycle:

     1. G₁

     2. S

     3. G₂

     4. mitosis

     5. G₀

answer: C

122. Cell performs its typical functions in the next phase of cell cycle:

     1. G₁

     2. S

     3. G₂

     4. mitosis

     5. G₀

answer: E

123. Main processes in mitosis:

     1. mitotic spindle proteins synthesis

     2. duplication of DNA

     3. cell center duplication

     4. cytokinesis and karyokinesis

     5. cell growth

answer: D

124. Cytokinesis means:

     1. cell membrane division

     2. division of nuclear envelope

     3. nucleus division

     4. organelles division

     5. division of cell body

answer: E

125. Karyokinesis means:

     1. division of cell body

     2. organelles division

     3. nucleus division

     4. cell membrane division

     5. division of nuclear envelope

answer: C

126. Phases of mitosis (in order):

     1. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

     2. metaphase, anaphase, telophase, prophase

     3. anaphase, telophase, prophase, metaphase

     4. telophase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase

     5. prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase

answer: A

127. Nuclear envelope in interphase of cell cycle:

     1. is absent

     2. is of usual structure

     3. is enlarged

     4. is fragmented

     5. irregular

answer: B

128. Nuclear envelope in prophase of cell cycle:

     1. is absent

     2. disappears

     3. is enlarged

     4. is fragmented

     5. is of usual structure

answer: B

129. Nuclear envelope in methaphase of cell cycle:

     1. is of usual structure

     2. is enlarged

     3. is fragmented

     4. is absent

     5. irregular

answer: D

130. Nuclear envelope in anaphase of cell cycle:

     1. is absent

     2. is of usual structure

     3. is enlarged

     4. is fragmented

     5. irregular

answer: A

131. Nuclear envelope in early telophase of cell cycle:

     1. is renewing

     2. is of usual structure

     3. is enlarged

     4. is fragmented

     5. is absent

answer: A

132. Nuclear envelope in late telophase of cell cycle:

     1. is of usual structure

     2. is enlarged

     3. is renewing

     4. is fragmented

     5. is absent

answer: C

133. Nucleolus in the interphase of cell cycle:

     1. is of usual structure

     2. is renewing

     3. is enlarged

     4. is fragmented

     5. is absent

answer: A

134. Nucleolus in the prophase of cell cycle:

     1. is of usual structure

     2. is enlarged

     3. is fragmented

     4. disappears

     5. is absent

answer: D

135. Nucleolus in the metaphase of cell cycle:

     1. is of usual structure

     2. is renewing

     3. is enlarged

     4. is fragmented

     5. is absent

answer: E

136. Nucleolus in the anaphase of cell cycle:

     1. is of usual structure

     2. is smaller

     3. is enlarged

     4. is fragmented

     5. is absent

answer: E

137. When does nucleolus disappear in cell?

     1. in prophase of mitosis

     2. in G₀ phase

     3. in G₁ phase

     4. in S phase

     5. in G₂ phase

answer: A

138. In which phase of cell cycle DNA is duplicating?

     1. in prophase of mitosis

     2. in G₀ phase

     3. in G₁ phase

     4. in S phase

     5. in G₂ phase

answer: D

139. When does cell synthesize proteins of mitotic spindle?

     1. in prophase of mitosis

     2. in G₀ phase

     3. in G₁ phase

     4. in S phase

     5. in G₂ phase

answer: E

140. In which phase of cell cycle the cell is enlarging?

     1. in prophase of mitosis

     2. in G₀ phase

     3. in G₁ phase

     4. in S phase

     5. in G₂ phase

answer: C

141. In which phase of cell cycle cell center is duplicating?

     1. in prophase of mitosis

     2. in G₀ phase

     3. in G₁ phase

     4. in S phase

     5. in G₂ phase

answer: E

142. Chromosomal set of normal somatic cell in interphase:

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 46 chromosomes

     3. 44-s chromosomes

     4. 23-d chromosomes

     5. 44-d chromosomes

answer: B

143. Chromosomal set of normal germ cell:

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 46 chromosomes

     3. 44-s chromosomes

     4. 23-d chromosomes

     5. 44-d chromosomes

answer: A

144. How many chromosomes are there in normal somatic cell in G₁-phase?

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 46-s chromosomes

     3. 44-s chromosomes

     4. 23-d chromosomes

     5. 44-d chromosomes

answer: B

145. How many chromosomes are there in normal somatic cell in G₀-phase?

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 44-s chromosomes

     3. 23-d chromosomes

     4. 446-s chromosomes

answer: E

146. How many chromosomes are there in normal somatic cell in G2-phase?

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 46-d chromosomes

     3. 44-s chromosomes

     4. 23-d chromosomes

     5. 44-d chromosomes

answer: B

147. How many chromosomes are there in normal somatic cell in S-phase?

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 44-s chromosomes

     3. 46-d chromosomes

     4. 23-d chromosomes

     5. 44-d chromosomes

answer: C

148. How many chromosomes are there in normal somatic cell in prophase of mitosis?

     1. 46-d chromosomes

     2. 23-s chromosomes

     3. 44-s chromosomes

     4. 23-d chromosomes

     5. 44-d chromosomes

answer: A

149. How many chromosomes are there in normal somatic cell in metaphase of mitosis?

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 44-s chromosomes

     3. 23-d chromosomes

     4. 44-d chromosomes

     5. 46-d chromosomes

answer: E

150. How many chromosomes are there in normal somatic cell in anaphase of mitosis?

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 44-s chromosomes

     3. 23-d chromosomes

     4. 46-s chromosomes x2

     5. 44-d chromosomes

answer: D

151. How many chromosomes are there in normal somatic cell in telophase of mitosis?

     1. 46-s chromosomes x2

     2. 23-s chromosomes

     3. 23-d chromosomes

     4. 44-s chromosomes

     5. 44-d chromosomes

answer: A

152. Which chromosomes are present in normal somatic cell in G₁-phase?

     1. single chromosomes

     2. doubled chromosomes

     3. decondensed chromosomes

     4. active chromosomes

     5. abnormal chromosomes

answer: A

153. Which chromosomes are present in normal somatic cell in G2-phase?

     1. single chromosomes

     2. doubled chromosomes

     3. decondensed chromosomes

     4. active chromosomes

     5. abnormal chromosomes

answer: B

154. Which chromosomes appear in normal somatic cell in S-phase?

     1. single chromosomes

     2. doubled chromosomes

     3. decondensed chromosomes

     4. active chromosomes

     5. abnormal chromosomes

answer: B

155. Which chromosomes are present in normal somatic cell in prophase?

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 46-s chromosomes

     3. 46-d chromosomes

     4. 23-d chromosomes

     5. 44-d chromosomes

answer: C

156. Which chromosomes are present in normal somatic cell in metaphase?

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 46-s chromosomes

     3. 46-d chromosomes

     4. 23-d chromosomes

     5. 44-d chromosomes

answer: C

157. Which chromosomes are present in normal somatic cell in anaphase?

     1. 23-s chromosomes

     2. 46-s chromosomes x2

     3. 44-s chromosomes

     4. 23-d chromosomes

     5. 46-d chromosomes

answer: B

158. Cell center compounds in G₀-phase of cell cycle:

1. 2 centrioles

2. centrosphere

3. mitotic spindle filaments

4. 2 diplosomes and 2 centrospheres

5. 1 diplosoma and centrosphere

answer: E

159. Cell center in prophase:

     1. disappears

     2. is irregular

     3. diplosomes migrate to opposite poles

     4. includes microtubules

     5. lies in equatorial plate

answer: C

160. Main histological feature of cell in metaphase:

     1. 2 daughter stars in poles

     2. separation of daughter cells

     3. nucleus well prominent

     4. nucleolus disappears

     5. chromosomes lie in metaphase plate

answer: E

161. Main histological feature of cell in anaphase:

     1. 2 daughter stars in poles

     2. separation of daughter cells

     3. nucleus well prominent

     4. nucleolus disappears

     5. chromosomes in metaphase plate

answer: A

162. Main histological feature of cell in telophase:

     1. 2 daughter stars in poles

     2. separation of daughter cells

     3. nucleus well prominent

     4. nucleolus disappears

     5. chromosomes in metaphase plate

answer: B

163. What does mitotic spindle of cell consist of?

     1. interpolar microtubules

     2. kinetochore microtubules

     3. microfilaments

     4. interpolar and kinetochore microtubules

     5. central and peripheral microtubules

answer: D

164. Interpolar microtubules of mitotic spindle connect:

     1. kinetochore and pole

     2. diplosomes in opposite poles

     3. two kinetochores

     4. two centrioles in one pole

     5. kinetochore and diplosoma

answer: B

165. Kinetochore microtubules of mitotic spindle connect:

     1. kinetochore and pole

     2. diplosomes in opposite poles

     3. two kinetochores

     4. two centrioles in one pole

     5. kinetochore and diplosoma

answer: A

166. Metaphase plate lies:

     1. in opposite poles

     2. in one pole

     3. irregularly

     4. in equatorial plate

     5. under cell membrane

answer: D