1. What is a database?

2. What is the function of DBMS?

3. When did the term «database» first appear?

4. When was a relational database proposed?

5. Why was a relational database introduced?

6. What does a flat database consist of?

7. What similar features do the hierarchical and network databases have?

8. Why are databases widely used?

V. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. It they are false, correct them.

1. The first database management systems were developed in 1970.

2. The most common model used today is the relational database.

3. CODASYL developed relational database in 1970.

4. During the 1900s, research activity focused on distributed database systems.

5. In a hierarchical database, data is organized into a tree-like structure.

VI. Find in the text English equivalents to the following word combinations:

може бути названо; кореневий запис; мова запитів; автоматизоване проектування; програмування за допомогою ЕОМ; їх мета полягає в тому, щоб; операції, що необхідно виконати; широко використовувались; може бути пов’язаний з будь-яким іншим елементом даних; упорядковано в групи; увагу було зосереджено; основна перевага; подібна до ієрархічної бази даних.

VII. Fill in the gaps with the words from the following list. Some words can be used more than once.

On, with, various, include, namely, between, of, for, from, requires, much, an, the, a, overall, includes, out, consists of, and, by, all, be, or, in, to, in common with.

A database system

1.___ most aspects of computing 2. ___ database is part of a system 3. ___ a database system. 4. ___ database system 5. ___ the stored data, the 6. ___ data models, a piece 7. ___ software called a database management system, and 8. ___ person called a database administrator.

The diagram illustrates the 9. ___ structure of a database system. 10. ___ database management system (DBMS) is 11. ___ large 12. ___ complex piece 13. ___ software, responsible 14. ___ all aspects of the creation, accessing 15. ___ updating of the database. Tasks it performs 16. ___ transforming 17. ___ mapping the data 18. ___ one model 19. ___ another, or 20. ___ the central model and 21. ___ stored database. 22. ___ interactions between users and 23. ___ database are deal with 24. ___ the DBMS. This 25. ___carrying 26. ___ various security checks. A database management system is a real-time system, and has 27. ___ in common with 28. ___ operating system.

The database administrator (DBM) is 29. ___ person 30. ___ charge 31. ___ the overall running 32. ___ the database system. Duties of 33. ___ database administrator 34. ___ deciding 35. ___ the information content of the database and the structure 36. ___ the various data models, deciding how the data is to 37. ___ stored, liasing 38. ___ users, and defining a strategy 39. ___ back-up storage and recovery from breakdown. This job 40. ___ a combination of software and managerial skills.

VIII. Define the following terms:

database, database management system, structured query language, object-oriented database, XML database, password, data processing, mainframe, spreadsheet.