Exercises

1) Fill in the blanks by the words and expressions from the text above:

1. Law is sometimes classified as...

2. Substantive law is the part of the law that...

3. Procedural law establishes...

4. Public law may be divided into 3 general categories, such as...

5. Private law pertains to...

6. The law of contracts may be subdivided into...

7. А tort is а wrong...

8. Property is the basic ingredient...

2) Match the following noun phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents:

1. substantive law 1. конституційне право

2. procedural law 2. кримінальне право

3. Public law 3. закон про цивільні правопорушення

4. private law 4. процесуальне право

5. constitutional law 5. сукупність правових норм

6. administrative law 6. публічне право

7. criminal law 7. приватне право

8. welfare of the state 8. закон про майно

9. relationships between individuals 9. субстантивне право

10. Bodies of law 10. відносини між особами

11. the law of torts 11. адміністративне право

12. the law of property 12. добробут країни

13. Federal government 13. уряд штату

14. state government 14. федеральний уряд

3) Match the following verb phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents:

1. to decide disputes 1. завдавати шкоду особам

2. to begin а lawsuit 2. забезпечити виконання судового рішення

3. to conduct а trial 3. захищати права

4. to enforce a judgment 4. забороняти певну поведінку

5. to define rights 5. вчинити протиправну дiю

6. to protect rights 6. компенсувати витрати

7. to enforce an agreement 7. вирiшувати спори

8. to affect the public 8. визначати права

9. to forbid certain conduct 9. починати судову справу

10. to provide punishment 10. впливати на суспiльство

11. to commit а wrong 11. забезпечити виконання угоди

12. to injure persons 12. вести судовий процес

13. to compensate for the loss 13. передбачати покарання

4) Translate the following words and word combinations:

aspects of law; areas of law; enforceable agreement; bodies of law; general categories; rights, powers and duties of the govemment; federal law; state law; multitude of administrative agencies; detrimental to the welfare of the state or the people; punishment for violation; organized society; primary source of litigation; contract characteristics; basic ingredient.

5) Give English equivalents for the following words and word combinations:

право; су6стантивне право; процесуальне право; публічне право; приватне право; конституційне право; адміністративне право; кримінальне право; сукупність правових норм; суб’єкти продажу; комерційні папери; закон про делікти; закон про договори (контракти); приватне майно; заповіт; доручення.

6) Find answers to the following questions in the text above:

1. What is substantive law?

2. What do we call procedural law?

3. What is the difference between public and private law?

4. What does constitutional law concern itself with?

5. What is administrative law concerned with?

6. What does criminal law consist of?

7. What does private law encompass?

8. What is а tort?

7) Read the following sentences and decide if they are true or false:

1. Law is always classified as substantive or procedural law.

2. Procedural law establishes the procedures whereby rights are enforced and protected.

3. The legal procedures that provide how а lawsuit is begun, how the trial is conducted and how appeals are taken, are called substantive law.

4. Public law includes those bodies of law that affect the public generally.

5. The areas of the law concerned with the relationships between individuals in an organized society are included into private law.

6. Private law encompasses the subjects of contracts, torts and property.

7. А wrong committed by one person against another or his property is called а tort.

8. In а civilized society people who injure other persons or their property should compensate them for their loss.