Vocabulary Notes

a multi-layered approach многоуровневый подход (к решению задачи)

enhanced улучшенный, усовершенствованный

concurrent действующий, происходящий одновременно

emerging развивающийся, начинающий существование

Non-Intrusive Inspection неагрессивное, бесконтактное обследование (не меняющее основного режима работы при проведении проверки)

backscatter X-ray van передвижной рентгеновский сканер на основе обратного рассеивания

challenge (здесь) сложная задача, проблема

transaction costs затраты на деловые операции, сделки

public-private partnership проект сотрудничества государственного и частного секторов

systemic refinements усовершенствование системы

Exercise 15. Explain the meaning of the following words used in the text: advance traveler and cargo information; timely analysis; intelligence-sharing relationships; to double the number; emerging technology; the capacity to detect contraband; illicit materials; to meet future challenges; the trade community; to build efficiency; to facilitate the flow of trade; public-private partnership; tactical agility.

Exercise 16. Match the verbs with word combinations from Part III of the text and translate them into Russian.

to provide	future challenges
to establish	efficiency
to enable	a multi-layered approach
to deploy	the number
to double	the updating of border infrastructure
to place	the flow of trade
to detect	timely analysis
to process	intelligence-sharing relationships
9. to meet	emerging technology
10. to increase	illicit materials
11. to build	backscatter X-ray vans
12. to facilitate	CBP’s knowledge

Exercise 17. Make up an outline of Part III in 10 short sentences using verbs in the passive voice.

Example: A multi-layered approach was provided by CBP to analyze advance traveler and cargo information.

Exercise 18. Translate the following passage in a written form making sure that your translation is better than that of the computer.

Backscatter X-ray is an advanced X-ray imaging technology. Traditional X-ray machines detect hard and soft materials by the variation in transmission through the target. In contrast, backscatter X-ray detects the radiation that reflects from the target. It has potential applications where less-destructive examination is required, and can be used if only one side of the target is available for examination.

The technology is one of two types of whole body imaging technologies being used to perform full-body scans of airline passengers to detect hidden weapons, tools, liquids, narcotics, currency, and other contraband. A competing technology is millimeter wave scanner. These airport security machines are also referred to as "body scanner", "whole body imager (WBI)", and "security scanner".

Exercise 19. Do you know any other effective passenger control means? Search through the Internet and tell the class about the result.

Exercise 20. Fill in the active or passive form of the verbs in brackets. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. In 2004 CBP (to unveil) new highly sophisticated radiation portal monitors that (to scan) cargo shipments in Jersey City, N.J.

2. The technology (to use) to better prevent the smuggling of radiological materials through U.S. seaports.

3. The Act of the First Congress of the United States (to establish) the Department of the Treasury, responsible for collection and protection of U.S. revenue.

4. Customs special agents effectively (to target) the illegal export of high-technology products and sophisticated weaponry destined for prohibited markets.

5. Customs special agents (to recognize) as being among the finest criminal investigators in the world.

6. As the primary border interdiction agency, U.S. Customs (to face) a complex, multifaceted drug threat.

7. This emerging technology (to put) in service of drug interdiction efforts as well as protecting public revenue.

8. Another effective technology (to use) within the Unmanned Aircraft System.

9. These piloted aircraft (to provide) aerial surveillance by investigating sensor activity in remote areas.

10. This type of observations (to allow) CBP officers and Border Patrol agents (to target) illicit activities on the ground.

11. The first 59 customs collection districts (to establish) in the 11 states by the5^th Act of the First Congress of the United States on July 31, 1789.

12. Ports of entry, under the jurisdiction of a Collector of Customs, (to designate) by the Act.

Exercise 21. Watch some videos about working for CBP. Make a list of activities mentioned in the videos. Compare your list with your partner’s and present the result to class. To begin with, visit the following site:

http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/careers/customs_careers/we_are_cbp.xml

MODULE 3

3.3 The U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Grammar: Passive Voice

Exercise 1. Read the text using the dictionary and making notes. Make up a list of essential words and phrases from the text.

PART I

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is the largest law enforcement agency within the Department of Homeland Security. Over 58,000 employees are presently serving in it both nationwide and overseas.

CBP’s priority mission is to prevent terrorists and terrorist weapons from entering the United States and ensuring the security of the nation at borders and ports of entry. The agency must maintain this line of defense while allowing legitimate travel and trade that is vital to America’s economy and way of life.

CBP is responsible for apprehending individuals attempting to enter the United States illegally; stemming the flow of illegal drugs and other contraband; protecting agricultural and economic interests from harmful pests and diseases; protecting American businesses from theft of their intellectual property; and regulating and facilitating international trade, collecting import duties, and enforcing U.S. trade laws.

In general, CBP has two categories of careers: Frontline Law Enforcement and Mission Critical Occupations. Most of CBP’s workforce serves on the frontline:

• Over 20,000 Border Patrol Agents protect 1,900 miles of the U.S. border with Mexico and 5,000 miles of the border with Canada.

• More than 20,000 CBP Officers ensure the Nation’s safety by screening passengers and cargo at over 300 ports of entry.

• Nearly 1,000 Air and Marine Interdiction Agents use their specialized training and high-tech equipment to prevent people, weapons, narcotics, and conveyances from illegal entry by air and water.

• Over 2,200 CBP Agriculture Specialists work to curtail the spread of harmful pests and plant and animal diseases that may harm America’s farms and food supply, and to avert bio- and agro-terrorism.

• Nearly 2,500 employees in CBP revenue positions collect over $30 billion annually in entry duties and taxes through the enforcement of trade and tariff laws. These collections provide the second largest revenue for the U.S. Government. In addition, they fulfill the agency’s trade mission by appraising and classifying imported merchandise. These employees serve in positions such as import specialist, auditor, international trade specialist, and textile analyst.