Section 32.2 Induced Nuclear Reactions
13. Consider the following nuclear reaction:
.
Which one of the following correctly identifies X and
represents the reaction?
(a) 
(c) 
(e) 
(b) 
(d) 
14. Complete the following nuclear reaction:
(a) 
(c) 
(e) 
(b) 
(d) 
15. Consider the nuclear reaction:
.
The symbol “d” indicates a deuterium nucleus
.
Which one of the following statements is true concerning X?
(a) X could be a proton. (d) X must have mass number 2.
(b) X could be a gamma ray. (e) X must have atomic number 4.
(c) X must contain 2 neutrons.
16. Consider the following reaction:
where
has a mass of 14.003 074 u;
has a mass of 12.000 000 u; d has a mass of 2.014 102 u; and has
a mass of 4.002 603 u. How much energy is released in this reaction
(Note: 1 u = 931.5 MeV)?
(a) 1.2 MeV (c) 13.6 MeV (e) 58.3 MeV
(b) 8.3 MeV (d) 27.4 MeV
17. Which one of the following quantities is not necessarily conserved in nuclear reactions?
(a) electric charge (d) angular momentum
(b) number of protons (e) number of protons and neutrons
(c) linear momentum
18. Determine the atomic number Z and the nucleon number A in the following reaction:
.
Z A
(a) 12 23
(b) 12 24
(c) 11 24
(d) 11 23
(e) 11 22
19. Consider the reaction:
where the masses are
= 1.007 825 u;
= 4.002 603 u;
= 149.917 276 u;
= 146.915 108 u. How much energy is released in the reaction?
(a) 3.14 MeV (c) 12.6 MeV (e) 36.2 MeV
(b) 6.88 MeV (d) 19.8 MeV
20. The first induced nuclear reaction,
,
in a laboratory was studied by Rutherford in 1919. How much energy
is absorbed in this reaction if the atomic masses are:
=
14.003 074 u,
= 16.999 133 u, = 4.002 603
u, and p = 1.007 825 u? Note: 1 u = 931.5 MeV.
(a) 1.193 MeV (c) 6.603 MeV (e) 27.91 MeV
(b) 3.338 MeV (d) 15.08 MeV
21. In the induced nuclear reaction,
,
the reaction produces neon in an excited state, which subsequently
decays into a nucleus X and a particle Y. Which one of
the following X and Y pairs is not possible?
X Y
(a)
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(e) 
Section 32.3 Nuclear Fission
Section 32.4 Nuclear Reactors
22. What is the importance of thermal neutrons in nuclear processes?
(a) Thermal neutron capture results in uranium fission.
(b) Thermal neutrons are released in radioactive decay.
(c) Thermal neutrons are necessary in the fusion of deuterium.
(d) Thermal neutrons are commonly released in fusion reactions.
(e) Thermal neutrons are sources of gamma rays.
23. Which one of the following energy values would be characteristic of a thermal neutron?
(a) 0.03 eV (c) 3 eV (e) 0.04 MeV
(b) 0.4 eV (d) 100 eV
24. A particular nuclear fission reaction produces 1.50 102 MeV per fission. How many fissions per second are required to generate 3.00 108 W of power?
(a) 2.00 1016 (c) 3.20 1018 (e) 6.02 1023
(b) 5.25 1017 (d) 1.25 1019
25. A nuclear reaction that uses one nucleus of
generates 170 MeV. How much energy is released when 5.0 kg of this
isotope are used?
(a) 1.4 1010 J (c) 3.5 1014 J (e) 8.2 1016 J
(b) 6.9 1013 J (d) 8.9 1014 J
26. How many neutrons are produced in the reaction:
?
(a) 1 (c) 3 (e) 5
(b) 2 (d) 4
27. Identify X in the following nuclear fission reaction:
.
(a) one alpha particle (c) three protons (e) six neutrons
(b) two alpha particles (d) three neutrons
28. One example of a nuclear fission reaction involving slowly moving neutrons is
What is the total kinetic energy (in eV) of the products of the reaction? The relevant masses are:
=
235.043 924 u,
= 94.9058 u,
= 138.9061 u, and
= 1.0087 u.
(a) 208.0 MeV (c) 1879 MeV (e) 219 700 MeV
(b) 640.4 MeV (d) 4102 MeV
29. Which one of the following processes causes the explosion of a nuclear bomb?
(a) beta decay (c) moderation (e) chain reaction
(b) alpha decay (d) photon absorption
30. How many neutrons are produced in the following reaction:
(a) 11 (c) 22 (e) 48
(b) 12 (d) 24
31. What is the function of the moderator in a fission reactor?
(a) The moderator absorbs gamma rays.
(b) The moderator absorbs slow neutrons.
(c) The moderator decreases the speeds of fast neutrons.
(d) The moderator prevents heat loss from the reactor core.
(e) The moderator prevents the reactor from reaching a critical state.
32. A nuclear reactor continuously generates 150 MW of power through the fissioning of uranium. Suppose that each fission releases 190 MeV. If one mole of uranium (6.023 1023 nuclei) has a mass of 0.235 kg, what mass of uranium has undergone fission in a 4.0 day period?
(a) 0.33 kg (c) 1.3 kg (e) 5.2 kg
(b) 0.67 kg (d) 2.6 kg