- Pollution

The living resources of the sea are renewable. If managed rationally they could provide food and materials probably forever, but even here, we have a history of overexploitation. In spite of international regulation, of intergovernmental organisations, we have failed to protect the world's fisheries which are dying because their raw material is coming to an end. The only way to overcome a catastrophe is to put the ocean under greater international control, perhaps under that of the United Nations. The freedom of the seas has been too often interpreted as a permission to destroy. The territorial waters of most nations are already being spoiled, but the individual nations must be prevented from ruining the waters beyond their own limits. Waters outside these limits should come under a new ocean regime of the United Nations who should allow the exploitation of the biological resources only with permission and according to strict rules. Under this regime the mineral and other resources of the oceans would become reserves and not for use by this or the following generations.

The United Nations should also be given the responsibility for the quality of the Earth's atmosphere. The appearance of the supersonic jet airlines has presented many problems. These airlines use up tons of oxygen and throw out over 150,000 tons of water vapour into the Stratosphere every day, increasing the temperature and cloud as they do so. It has to be decided if this is right in ecological terms. Space flights that break through the atmosphere envelope should be studied as to their effects on nature. Perhaps the United Nations should control how often the space ships leave and enter the atmosphere; Nations should not have the right to tear our skies apart. It is important that an international organisation work out the rules for the use of the Earth's atmosphere - the rights of man should include the right to clean air.

Put the questions to the following answers.

1. the living resources of the sea

2. over 150,000 tons of water

3. under this regime

4. to put the ocean under greater international control 5. the rights of man

Choose the best answer.

It is still possible to renew the resources of .

1. the lakes

2. the air

3. the sea

4. the earth

The resources could be used to produce .

1. machines

2. clothes

3. furniture

4. food

Freedom of the seas is understood by some as the right .

to plant new trees for fuel wood and to slow down the Greenhouse Effect; and to

governments to think about the forests and their importance when giving aid.

XVIII. Discussion point

Step A. What is your attitude to hunting: for sport, for fun, for food?

Step В. Work in groups. Imagine that you are the executive committee of the WWF.

1. You have enough money to save three species from these: the lion, the rabbit, the sheep, the golden eagle, the bee, the cobra, the rose. Decide what you are. going to save.

2. You have money to support animals under extinction. Decide whether you will finance some zoos where such animals are kept, or initiate some natural reserves for these animals.

XIX. Choose the right answer.

1. One of the effects of acid rain is that it causes plants to

a)contract b)shrink c)thrive d)wither

2. Owing to the warm weather, there has been _________ of strawberries this.|

year.

a)an affluence b)a glut . c)an overflew. d)a redundancy

3. Our grandpa's sitting over there in the shade in the middle of that of

trees.

a)bundle b)clump c)scrub d)stack

4. We thought the plants had all died from lack of rain, and were delighted to see new appearing.

a)points b)shapes c)shoots d)tops

5. Oak and beech are .

a)bushes b)coniferous trees c)deciduous trees d)shrubs

6. Those could be delicious fried in butter for dinner.

a)ferns b)fungi c)mosses d)mushrooms

7. A green carpet of covered the decaying tree trunk.

a)herb b)moss c)shrub d)turf

8. When the wind blows, you can hear the leaves .

a)cracking b)creaking c)rattling d)rustling

9. The indiscriminate use of pesticides has many rare species.

a)cancelled b)devastated c)extincted d)wiped out

10. Waste paper can be ______ instead of being burnt.

a)decomposed b)incinerated c)recycled d)revamped

11 .Don't eat those berries in case they are .

a)contagious b)infectious c)poisonous d)venomous 12. Several of the trees in the park were

a)diseased b)ill c)sick d)unhealthy

XX. Reading comprehension (3). Read the text and do the tasks after it.

1. to travel everywhere

2. to transport any kind of goods

3. to carry passengers without visas

4. to spoil the ocean waters - The United Nations should also be responsible for the Earth's .

a) resources

2. atmosphere

3. flora

4. fauna

Choose the synonym for the underlined word.

The chemists worked hard for a long time but at last they made their contribution in saving the world from another catastrophe.

1. project -

2. discovery

3. part

4. plan

The scientists indicated many faults in that environmental project and decided to rewrite it. a) underlined

b) pointed to

3. crossed out

4. read aloud

XXI. Discussion point.

Step A. Work in groups. Match the bird with its description below the table. canary cuckoo eagle gull lark magpie j nightingale ostrich owl peacock pigeon stork I

1. is yellow and sings in a cage

2. the most celebrated song bird

3. has a magnificent tail

4. a wise bird'with big eyes e) sings high in the sky

6. haunts seas and big rivers

7. can carry messages

h) lays eggs in other bird's nests

i) white with red beak and legs, delivers babies j) cannot fly k) a black and white thief 1) a white one is the symbol of Poland

Step B. Match the names of the animals from the table and the names of their babies.

¹⁰⁰

bears cats cows dogs ducks deer geese hens horses swine sheep birds elephants _ goats foxes lions

a) piglets

b)fawns

3. goslings

4. cubs (3)

5. ducklings

6. kittens

7. lambs

h) calves (3)

i) foals

j) puppies k) chickens 1) nestlings m) kids

Step C. Match the names of the animals from the table and the sounds they make. bees cats cocks dogs donkeys ducks frogs hens horses lions mice pigs

sheep snakes wolves

1. quack

2. grunt

3. neigh

4. roar

e) hiss f) buzz

g) meow

h) crow

i) bleat j) bray k) howl 1) croack m) cluck n) bark o) squeak

Step D. Match the verb with the sound.

1. hoot meow

2. bleat toowit toowoo

3. bark oink

4. grunt cockadoodledoo

e) mew woof f) crow baa

XXII. Complete the following text with the suitable words.

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