2. Повторите английский алфавит.

Печатные буквы

В письме

Название буквы

Печатные буквы

В письме

Название буквы

Аа

Аа

[eı]

Nn

Nn

[en]

Вb

Вb

[bi:]

Oo

Oo

[ou]

Сс

Сс

[si:]

Pp

Pp

[pi:]

Dd

Dd

[di:]

Qq

Qq

[kju:]

Eе

Ее

[i:]

Rr

Rr

[a: (r)]

Ff

Ff

[ef]

Ss

Ss

[es]

Gg

Gg

[ʤi:]

Tt

Tt

[ti:]

Hh

Hh

[eitf]

Uu

Uu

[ju:]

Ii

Ii

[ai]

Vv

Vv

[vi:]

Jj

Jj

№ei]

Ww

Ww

'dΛblju:

Kk

Kk

[kei]

Xx

Xx

[eks]

Ll

Ll

[el]

Yy

Yy

[waı]

Mm

Mm

[em]

Zz

Zz

[zed]

Буква и

буквосо-

четание

Звук

Положения в слове

Примеры

1

2

3

4

b

bt

[b]

[t]

в конце слова

bus, but, about, better, butter, by, book, bed, bag, bad.

debt, doubt

[s]

перед е, i, у

face, city, cinema, cycle, since, ice, space, centre

с

[k]

в остальных случаях

cap, cat, cut, cry, copy, capital, come, close, clock

[∫]

перед безударной

глас ной

ocean, social, special, musician, ancient, racial

сc

[ks]

перед е, i, у

accept, success, accent, accident

[k]

в остальных случаях

occur, accord, accomplish, accumulate, occupy, occasion

ch

[t∫]

chess, rich, cheese, chop, much,

tch

match, kitchen, watch, catch

ch

[k]

в словах греческого происхождения

school, architect, chemistry, character, archeology, technical

[∫]

в словах французского происхождения

machine, machinery, machinist

ck

[k]

black, sick, back, pack, neck, check

d

[d]

[-]

перед согласными

date, made, end, decide, old

grandmother, handsome, handkerchief

dg

[ʤ]

bridge, knowledge, judge, siege

f

ften

[f]

[fn]

five, if, finish, face, family

often, soften

g

[ʤ]

перед е, i, у

page, change, gymnasium, stage

[g]

в остальных случаях

go, get, green, grey, grow

gh

[-]

после аu, оu и перед t

weight, eight, bought, brought, fought, daughter

[fl

после аu, оu

laugh, enough, cough

gn

[n]

в начале и в конце слова

foreign, sign, campaign

h

[h]

[-]

в начале и середине неко­торых слов

he, his, here, have, home, hundred

hour, honor, honest, exhibition

j

[ʤ]

just, major, object, subject

k

[k]

kill, keep, Mike, kitchen, like

kn

[n]

в начале слова

know, knee, knife, knock

I

[l]

lake, late, light, listen, leg

[-]

в сочетаниях aim, alf, alk

talk, calm, half, chalk

m

[m]

miss, meal, seem, team, home

mb

[m]

в конце слова

climb, bomb

mn

autumn, column

n

[n]

never, number, nobody, next, notice

ng

[ŋ]

в конце слова

sing, song, interesting, thing

nk

[ŋk]

drink, bank, ink, tank, thank

p

[p]

pen, pencil, pupil, publish, top

ph

[f]

в словах греческого происхождения

phone, physics, philosophy, philologist, symphony, phase

qu

[kw]

queen, question, quick, quite, queue

[k]

в словах французского происхождения

unique, technique

r

[r]

red, ready, rain, sorry, mirror, trip

s

[s]

в начале слова и после глухих согласных

see, sea, son, sun, stand, stop, maps, cats, books, hats, caps

но: [∫]

sugar, sure

[z]

после звонких согласных и гласных

pens, bags, days, girls, boys

между гласными

these, cheese, please, nose, rose

ss

[s]

class, pass, success, kiss, miss

[∫]

перед безударными ia, io

Russian, Byelorussian

ssion

[∫n]

session, discussion, commission

sion

[ʒn]

в конце слова

decision, conclusion, revision, invasion

sure

[ʒə]

pleasure, treasure, leisure, measure

sh

[∫]

she, ship, fish, short

sc

[s]

перед е, i, у

science, scientist, scene, scenery

sten

[sn]

listen, fasten

stle

[sl]

whistle, wrestling

t

[t]

ten, twenty, table, sit, teeth

th

[θ]

thing, thank, three, tooth

[ð]

this, those, with, without, weather

tion

[∫n]

demonstration, revolution, dictation, translation, attention

ture

[t∫ə]

picture, future, lecture, culture, nature, feature, furniture

v

[v]

live, leave, voice, move, vase

w

[w]

win, want, water, wind, twins

wh

[w]

when, where, why, what, which, white, whisper, while

wh+o

[h]

who, whom, whose, whole

wr

[r]

wrong, write, writer, wrestling

Буква и буквосо­четание

Звук

Положение в слове

Примеры

Исключение

1

2

3

4

5

а

[eı]

в открытом слоге

place, came, later

[æ] have, atom

[e] any, many

[æ]

в открытом слоге некоторых двусложных слов с буквой i в заударном слоге

habit, rabbit, vanish

[æ]

в закрытом слоге

land, fact, carry

[α:] example

[ɔ]

перед i плюс соглас­ная, кроме m, f

also, talk, salt

[æ] rally, shall

[α:]

в некоторых словах перед n плюс согласная

answer, France, can't, chance, demand

[α:]

перед s, f плюс согласная

class, draft, ask, last

[æ] classic, mass, passive

[eı]

перед ste, nge

taste, danger, change

[α:]

перед th

father, path, rather

[æ] gather

[ɔ:]

после w, qu в открытом слоге и перед r

water, quarter, war

[eı] wage, wake, wane

а

[ɔ]

в закрытом слоге

was, want

[æ] wag, wax

ai, ay

[eı]

aim, aid, may, day

[e] says, said

air

[εə]

air, pair, chair

al

[α:]

перед f , m

calm, palm, half

ar

[α:]

в закрытом слоге

car, part, garden

[εə]

в открытом слоге

care, careful

[α:] are

au, aw

[ɔ:]

cause, law, pause

[α:] aunt

au

[α:]

перед gh(t)

laugh

augh

[ɔ:]

перед t

daughter

e

[i:]

в открытом слоге

we, Pete, eve

[e] very, edit, medal

[e]

в закрытом слоге

get, settle, fell, egg

еа

[i:]

не перед d, th

tea, peace, meat

[e] deaf, heavy, peasant, weapon

[ei] break, great

[e]

перед d, th, lth

bread, breath, dead, death, head, health

[ıə] idea, real

[i:] beneath, breath

ear

[ıə]

clear, hear, near

[ə:]

перед согласной

earth, heard, learn

[α:] heart

[ıə] beard

ее

[i:]

green, free

eer

[ıə]

deer, engineer

ei

[i:]

после с, s

ceiling, conceive

ey, ei

[eı]

convey, grey, they, obey, vein

[i:] key

eigh

[eı]

eight, neighbor

[aı] freight, height

er

[ə:]

в закрытом слоге

term, person, emerge

[α:] clerk

er

[ıə]

в открытом слоге

here, tear, serious

[ə:] were

[εə] there, where

eu, ew

[ju:]

Europe, feud, new

i

[aı]

в открытом слоге

fine, life, time

[ı] give, live

[ı]

в закрытом слоге

sit, little, written

i

[ı]

в открытом слоге с i или у в безударном

civil, city, limit

[aı] tiny

[aı]

перед ld, nd

bind, find, child, wild

[ı] wind (ветер)

[i]

в словах французского происхождения

machine, police, prestige, regime

[-]

после u

cruise, fruit, juice

guide, guilty

ie

[i:]

перед согласной

achieve, brief, chief

[e] friend

ig(h)

[aı]

sigh, high, night

ir

[ə:]

в закрытом слоге

shirt, bird, firm

[aıə]

в открытом слоге (ire)

fire, tired

о

[ou]

в открытом слоге

no, note, home, open

[u:] do, move

[ɔ] gone, body

[ɔ]

в закрытом слоге

hot, bottom, horror

[ou]

перед l плюс согласная

old, cold, folk, told

[Λ]

перед m, n, v, w, th

another, above, among, brother, come, done, govern, London, Monday, month, none, won

[ou]

перед st

most, post

[ɔ] cost, frost

oa

[ou]

boat, coat, float

[ɔ:] broad

oar

[ɔ:]

board, coarse, hoarse

oi, oy

[ɔı]

boil, soil, boy, enjoy

oo

[u]

перед k

book, look, cook

[u:]

в конце слова и перед i, m, n

too, tool, moon, soon

oor

[uə]

moor, poor

or

[ɔ:]

в закрытом и открытом слогах

for, order, port, morning

[ə:]

после w

word, work, world

[ɔ:] worn

ou, ow

[au]

round, sound, now

ou

[Λ]

в некоторых словах, в том числе в словах фран­цузского происхождения

double, country, couple, courage

[u:]

group, ruble, soup

ou

[Λ]

перед gh

enough, rough, tough

[au] plough

[ou] though

[ou]

перед l

poultry, shoulder

ough

[ɔ:]

перед t

bought, brought

our, ower

[auə]

our, power

ow

[au]

в середине слова

down, now, town

[ou]

в конце слова

grow, know, low

u

[ju:]

в открытом слоге

use, student, music, future

[ı] busy,

[Λ] study

[u:]

в открытом слоге после j, l, r

June, include, rule, true

[Λ]

в закрытом слоге

bus, subject, current

[u]

в закрытом слоге после b, f, р

bullet, bush, full, pull, push, put

ue

[(j)u:]

в конце слова под ударе­нием

blue, clue, due

ui

[ju:]

suit

suite [swi :t] [-] guide, guilty [ju:ı] suicide, tuition

[u:]

перед j, i, r

cruise, fruit, juice

[uı] ruin, fluid

ur

[ə:]

в закрытом слоге

burn, curl, turn

[juə]

pure, cure

[uə]

в открытом слоге

sure, surely

[e] bury

u

[-]

после g перед ударной гласной

guarantee, guard, guess, guide, guilty

y

[aı]

в открытом слоге

by, type, cycle

[ı]

в закрытом слоге

myth, system

[j]

перед гласной

yoke, beyond

yr

[ə:]

в закрытом слоге

Myrch, myrtle

[aıə]

в открытом слоге

tyrant, tire