2) Answer the questions and write a summary of the article.

Practice 3. Concentrate on discovering the author’s main idea. Select the statement which best expresses the author’s main idea:

1. Because the risk exists in nature that an H5N1 virus capable of transmission in mammals may emerge, the benefits of this work outweigh the risks.

2. Researchers should be given the best facilities available.

3. We have no idea exactly how dangerous they would be if they were ever to get out.

Practice 4.Make a review of the article (Use the vocabulary from Appendix 2 on p.)

Practice 5. Make a short report about this experiment.

Practice 6.  Today with every point in the world being accessible within 24 hours through jet flights, such a killer virus would travel like wildfire throughout our planet . What should the government department do to prevent the risk of contamination?

Practice 7. Give your reasons for and against such experiments.

Text C

Write a letter to your friend in which tell him/ her what interesting things you’ve learnt from one of the texts below (see Appendix on p. )

It Is Interesting To Know

Ancient cities used covered channels and pipes to remove wastes from buildings, probably as far back as 8000 B.C. There is evidence of indoor plumbing pipes in Scotland from that time, although the sewage was tunneled straight out to a nearby creek. Cesspits were found under homes in Iraq dating from as long ago as 4000 B.C. These systems fell into the street. By the 1^th century, many large cities had systems for removing rainwater, but sewage was usually disposed of in cesspools.

When cholera spread through early 19^th century London, most residents thought the deadly disease was spread by some sort of mysterious airborne organism. Severe outbreaks killed tens of thousands of people four times between 1831 and 1854 in several industrial English towns and the worst London outbreak in 1853 killed more than 10,000 people alone. Anesthesiologist John Snow was able to map the Soho outbreak and the relation between cholera deaths and pumps located near sewage in the Thames River. He was able to convince local citizens, authorities and fellow physicians that the disease was not an airborne one, but related to the sewage-tainted water.

Modern sewage systems began to appear in the 19^th century, when existing storm sewers were enlarged to carry wastes to nearby waterways. Municipal sewage treatment was slowly adopted in the 20^th century. The growing size of cities and the pollution caused by untreated sewage forced the passage of legislation that set quality standards for treated sewage and funded sewage treatment facilities.

It’s vitally important to a community to have a sewage system. If waste is not promptly carried away, a community can become infected by disease. Disposing of untreated or inadequately treated waste into waterways or the soil can create serious pollution. Disease-causing organisms can infect drinking water, and toxic chemicals can poison the water and kill wildlife.