1.Переведите текст “How Animals Reproduce”

In higher animals the process of reproduction is known as sexual reproduction. In the reproduction of higher animals there are two parents ─ male and female. The female produces the egg or egg cells (ova ) and the male produces the sperms or sperm cells. We know all higher animals to develop from on ovum produced by the female (mother) and fertilized by the male (father ). This is true of chickens, calves, lambs, pigs, and other such animals.

Gestation period. - The period of development from the time the egg is fertilized until the animal is born is known as the gestation period. Large species of animals have long gestation periods; small species of animals have short gestation periods. Thus, the gestation period of rabbits is 30 days, cats - 60, dogs - 61, sows - 114, ewe -150, cows - 283. ' •

Number of young produced. - The cow ordinary produces one offspring each year. In some cases twins occur or even triplets; however, twins are exception rather than the rule. In cattle, twins are born about once in every eight births.

Sows may produce two litters a year, and they usually have from six to twelve pigs each litter. Sometimes sows have even as many as nineteen pigs in a litter.

Ewes ordinary produce lambs only once a year. They usually raise one lamb than raise a larger number.

II. Найдите английские эквиваленты для следующих слов и словосочетаний:

высшие животные, известно, женская особь производит, это относится, период созревания, большие особи, количество приплода, тройня, двойня, два приплода (опороса) в год.

III. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:

1. How many parents are there in the reproduction of higher animals?

2. What do all the higher animals develop from?

3. How do we call the period of development from the time the egg is fertilized until the animal is born?

4. How many litters may sows produce?

5. How many lambs do ewes usually raise?

IV. Прочтите текст еще раз и согласитесь или не согласитесь со следующими утверждениями:

1. In the reproduction of higher animals there are two parents ─ male and female.

2. The male produces sperms and the female produces the egg cells.

3. The period of development from the time the egg is fertilized until the animal is born is known as the gestation period.

4. Large species of animals have short gestation periods.

5. The cow ordinarily produces one offspring each year.

6. Ewes usually raise eight or ten lambs.

V. Завершите предложения, используя информацию из текста.

1. In higher animals the process of reproduction is known as…

2. The female produces…

3. This is true of chickens…

4. Large species of animals have…

5. The cow ordinary produces…

6. Sows may produce…

VI. Сделайте данные предложения отрицательными и вопросительными.

1. The female produces the egg or egg cells.

2. We know all higher animals.

3. This is true of chickens, pigs.

4. The cow ordinary produces one offspring each year.

5. They usually raise one lamb.