8. Прочитайте текст в и укажите три фактора, которые способствуют повы­шению урожайности c-X культур.

9. Переведите текст в без дополнительной подготовки.

10. Прочитайте текст с и ответьте по-русски на вопросы: 1) Что такое семейная ферма? 2) Какие три типа ферм имеются в стране? 3) Что происходит с семейными фермами в настоящее время?

С. FARMS IN ENGLAND

There are about 53,500 farms in this country. Most of the farms are small. These small farms are family farms. All the work on the farm is done by the farmer and his family.

The types of farms are different in different regions of this country. In the East most farmers grow different farm crops. In the West climate is good for the production of farm animals. There are many farms where farmers grow some crops and breed some farm animals. These farms are known as mixed farms.

Now the work on the farms is highly mechanized. Different machines are used by the farmers.The tendency in agricultural development of the country is the disappearance (исчезновение') of small traditional farms as they cannot compete (конкурировать) with big industrial farms.

11. Переведите текст С без дополнительной подготовки.

Занятие 2 самостоятельная работа

1. Повторите в грамматическом справочнике: степени сравнения прилагательных, отглагольное существительное, герундий (§ 21, 30, 31).

2. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание и степени сравнения прилагательных (устно).

1. This is the largest farm in our region. 2. Our farm has higher crop yields now than last year. 3. Intensification of agricultural production is the most important problem now. 4. Animal husbandry is more important on this farm than crop production.

3. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на слова с окончанием -ing (устно).

1. Supplying industry with raw materials is one of the tasks of agricul­ture. 2. Crop yields are increased by applying intensive technologies. 3. The breeding of farm animals is one of the branches of agriculture.

4. Прочитайте и переведите текст а.

A. INTENSIVE TECIINOLOGIES IN AGRICULTURE

There are two ways of increasing the yield of farm crops. They are the cultivation of new lands and the increase in yields per hectare.¹ In the recent past the first way was more popular. At present more agricultural products are obtained by intensification of agricultural production.

Intensification is based on mechanization, electrification and chemization which are the main sources of progress in agriculture. Most of agricultural processes in crop production and animal husbandry are mechanized now. They are the preparation of the soil, planting and harvesting crops, feeding farm animals and cleaning livestock buildings. Chemization of agriculture is increased by higher production and use of mineral fertilizers and, other chemicals. They increase crop yields and quality. Some other important intensive technologies are the development of better high-yielding² varieties of crops, the application of most effective cultural practices³, the breeding of better farm animals, the control of weeds, insects and diseases.

All intensification factors must be used in such a way⁴ as not to damage⁵ the land which is the basis of agriculture.

Пояснения к тексту

1. per hectare - с гектара; на гектар

2. high-yielding - высокоурожайный

3. cultural practices - агротехнические приемы; агротехника

4. in such a way - таким образом

5. as not to damage - чтобы не повредить

Запомните:

most - самый, наиболее (перед прилагательным)

most; most of - большинство (перед существительным)

plant - растение

to plant - сажать, сеять