I. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. Что такое ФС?

2. В чем суть исторического аспекта ФС?

3. В чем особенность каждого ФС?

4. Какие ФС русского языка вы знаете? В чем особенности каждого из них?

5. Как переводоведение связано со стилистикой?

6. Какие классификации стилей и жанров английского языка вы можете назвать?

7. Почему в процессе ПАТ необходимо учитывать стилевую и жанровую принадлежность текста?

II. Сравните свой вариант перевода отрывка о художнике с нижеследующими вариантами.

Вариант 1

Художник увидел в окно старика, лицо которого пока­залось ему выразительным. Он велел служанке позвать прохожего и, когда тот пришел, сказал:

«Я пишу картину «Иродиада с головой Иоанна на блю­де». Ваша голова — как раз то, что мне нужно».

Старик задрожал.

«Да вы не волнуйтесь, я вам хорошо заплачу», — успо­коил его художник.

«Это само собой, — ответил старик. — Только как вы мне ее обратно-то приделаете?»

В этом варианте сохранено главное содержание шут­ки, заключающееся в неожиданном истолковании предложения художника, но игра слов здесь не чувствуется. Что касается новых деталей (Иродиада и т. д.), то они служат только для подготовки почвы для шутки и по­тому вполне правомерны. Слабость этого перевода преж­де всего в том, что не найден эквивалент для английско­го глагола to paint, имеющего значения «покрывать крас­кой» и «писать портрет».

Вариант 2

Художник послал служанку за прохожим, чтобы пред­ложить ему позировать.

— Мой хозяин хочет нарисовать на вас карикатуру.

— А что это такое?

— Это картинка такая. За это вам денег дадут.

— Это хорошо, а только смыть-то я ее с себя сумею?

В этом варианте в качестве эквивалентной игры слов используется многозначность предлога «на» в выраже­нии «нарисовать карикатуру» (нарисовать на ком, на чем или нарисовать на кого, на что).

Вариант 3

Художник послал служанку-хохлушку позвать прохо­жего в качестве модели.

— Мой хозяин хочет тебя трошки помалевать.

— Пусть сам себя помалюет!

— Чудак, тебе за это денег дадут!

— Это другое дело, а отмыться-то я сумею?

В этом варианте найден точный эквивалент для ан­глийского слова, только служанку пришлось сделать ук­раинкой.

Вариант 4

Художник пригласил прохожего в качестве натурщика и сказал: «Я хотел бы написать ваш портрет».

«Написать?! Да кто же его читать-то станет?» — уди­вился приглашенный.

В этом варианте уже найден полноценный русский эквивалент для передачи основного содержания оригина­ла — игры слов, основанной на многозначности английс­кого глагола.

http:www.newyorker.com

III. К какому фс относится каждый из нижеследующих отрывков? Почему? Назовите языковые особенности каждого из отрывков, позволяющие его отнести именно к тому или иному фс?

Текст 1

EXECUTIVE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

     This Executive Employment Agreement (this "Agreement") is made this 1st day of November, 2010 (the "Effective Date"), by and between MOLYCORP, INC., a Delaware corporation ("Employer") and Douglas J. Jackson ("Executive"). The Employer and the Executive are referred to below individually as a "Party" and collectively as the "Parties."

WITNESSETH:

     WHEREAS, the Executive agrees to be employed by the Employer upon and subject to the terms herein provided; and

     WHEREAS, the Employer agrees to employ the Executive upon and subject to the terms herein provided.

     NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and of the mutual promises, covenants and agreements contained herein, the legal sufficiency of which is acknowledged by the Parties, and intending to be legally bound, the Parties agree as follows:

     1. Employment. The Employer shall employ the Executive, and the Executive accepts employment with the Employer, upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement for a period of time beginning on the date hereof and ending as provided in Section 4 (the "Employment Period"). Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Executive will be an at-will employee of the Employer and the Executive or the Employer may terminate the Executive's employment with the Employer for any reason or no reason at any time.

     2. Office and Duties. The Executive shall serve as, and have the title of, Vice President, Business Development and shall report to, and be subject to the power and authority of, the Chief Executive Officer of the Employer. The Executive shall manage the affairs of the Employer and have the duties, responsibilities and authority of a Vice President, Business Development. The Executive shall perform such tasks commensurate with this position as may from time to time be defined or assigned by the Chief Executive Officer of the Employer. The Executive shall devote all business time, labor, skill, undivided attention and best ability to the performance of the Executive's duties hereunder in a manner which will faithfully and diligently further the business and interests of the Employer. During the Employment Period, the Executive shall not directly or indirectly pursue any other business activity without the prior written consent of the Board, except as permitted under Section 7(f) of this Agreement. The Executive further agrees to travel to whatever extent is reasonably necessary in the conduct of the Employer's business, at the Employer's expense.

Текст 2

Mr. Pneumonia was not what you would call a chivalric old gentleman. A mite of a little woman with blood thinned by California zephyrs was hardly fair game for the red-fisted, short-breathed old duffer. But Johnsy he smote; and she lay, scarcely moving, on her painted iron bedstead, looking through the small Dutch window-panes at the blank side of the next brick house.

One morning the busy doctor invited Sue into the hallway with a shaggy, gray eyebrow.

"She has one chance in—let us say, ten," he said, as he shook down the mercury in his clinical thermometer. "And that chance is for her to want to live. This way people have of lining-up on the side of the undertaker makes the entire pharmacopoeia look silly. Your little lady has made up her mind that she's not going to get well. Has she anything on her mind?"

"She — she wanted to paint the Bay of Naples some day," said Sue.

"Paint? — bosh! Has she anything on her mind worth thinking about twice—a man, for instance?"

"A man?" said Sue, with a jew's-harp twang in her voice. "Is a man worth—but, no, doctor; there is nothing of the kind."

"Well, it is the weakness, then," said the doctor. "I will do all that science, so far as it may filter through my efforts, can accomplish. But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral procession I subtract 50 per cent. from the curative power of medicines. If you will get her to ask one question about the new winter styles in cloak sleeves I will promise you a one-in-five chance for her, instead of one in ten."

After the doctor had gone Sue went into the workroom and cried a Japanese napkin to a pulp. Then she swaggered into Johnsy's room with her drawing board, whistling ragtime.

Текст 3

The declines, coming in the first opportunity for investors to sell since Standard & Poor’s cut its rating on the nation’s long-term debt late Friday, set the equity market on track to extend losses that were beginning to recall the days of the 2008 financial crisis. They also reflected anxiety over the United States economy and Europe’s debt woes.

Following a dismal showing in European and Asian markets, the broader United States equity market as measured by the Standard & Poor’s 500-stock index was down 43.88 points, or 3.66 percent, in afternoon trading. The Dow Jones industrial average was down 314.85 points, or 2.75 percent, and the Nasdaq was down 94.94 points, or 3.75 percent.

The S.& P. 500 was down about 14 percent over the last 11 sessions, one analyst noted, bringing back echoes of the last financial crisis. Last week was the worst five-day trading period since November 2008.

“The rapidity of the decline and its force now rivals almost anything we’ve seen in the post-war era,” said Dan Greenhaus, the chief global strategist for BTIG, a financial services firm. “We have fallen so far and so quickly that we are up there with the most vicious sell-offs.”

The market took a sharper turn downward less than an hour into New York trading as Standard & Poor’s announced additional downgrades, including cuts to the debt ratings of the housing giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

Financial stocks fared the worst in early afternoon trading, showing declines of more than 5 percent. Bank of America was down about 16 percent, and Citigroup was down more than 10 percent.

The downgrade of the United States long-term debt to AA+ from AAA has global implications, said Alessandro Giansanti, a credit market strategist at ING in Amsterdam.

“We can see that this may force the U.S. to move more aggressively to cut spending,” he said, something that could drive the already weak economy into recession and weigh on the economies of all of its trading partners. “That’s the main driver” of the stock market declines, he said.

Since two ratings companies merged in 1941 to form Standard & Poor’s, the agency had always given the United States an AAA rating, until Friday. But other agencies, including Moody’s and Fitch, have stuck with their ratings. On Monday, Moody’s released a report discussing the decision, saying the United States has “unmatched access to financing, meaning that the U.S. government can support higher debt levels than other governments.”

Still, the tension in the market was palpable. On the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, there were more traders than usual crowding the floor at the opening, said Doreen Mogavero, a trader there.

Текст 4

Instructions for Hoover Washing Machines

While Hoover may be best known in the U.S. for its vacuum cleaners, the company produces a variety of appliances, including dishwashers, refrigerators, ranges, washers and dryers. Primarily available in Europe, Hoover washing machines offer several standard options, such as a detergent disposal drawer, spin and speed wash, extra rinse, and an energy-saving cycle. Available for purchase online and in select stores, the Hoover washing machine is fairly straightforward to use.

Difficulty:

Moderately Easy

Instructions

Things You'll Need

• Laundry detergent

• Fabric softener (if desired)

Push the "Open" button to open the washing machine door. Place wash items inside the washing machine after removing items and objects from the pockets. Do not overload the machine.

Select the desired washing cycle. Press program 5 for cotton, linen or other color-fast items; program 6 for delicate items such as wool and acrylics; program 1 for whites and linens; and program 2 for cotton or linen items without any special finishes.

Pull out the detergent drawer, and add the laundry detergent to the fill line. Add fabric softener to the fabric conditioner drawer if desired. Close the drawer.

Press "Start" to begin the wash cycle. Remove the items when the washing cycle is complete and turn the machine "Off."

http:www.newyorker.com 4. ОФИЦИАЛЬНО-ДЕЛОВОЙ СТИЛЬ

1. Изучите теоретическую информацию об официально-деловом стиле в пособии М.П. Брандес, В.И. Провоторов «Предпереводческий анализ текста», Москва 2006, с. 33-62.

2. Подготовьте устные сообщения на следующие темы:

• Функции, реализуемые в рамках официально-делового стиля.

• Языковые средства реализации функций официально-делового стиля (на примере немецкого языка).

• Речевые жанры официально-делового стиля.

• Языковые особенности письменной разновидности официально-делового стиля.

• Характеристики устной формы официально-делового стиля.

• Композиционно-речевые формы официально-делового стиля.

Практическое задание 4

I. Проанализируйте следующий документ по следующим пунктам:

• определите приемы внешнего стандартного оформления (графические средства) этого документа;

• выявите характерную для официально делового стиля лексику; какие функции и с помощью каких средств здесь реализуются?

• укажите слова/словосочетания, окрашенные эмоционально-экспрессивным содержанием, которые способствуют реализации прагматической функции;

• обратите внимание на порядок слов в предложениях, на глаголы и на особенности грамматического оформления (время, залог).

• охарактеризуйте синтаксические особенности данного документа.

Note Agreement

Effective Date:	December 30, 1996
Parties:	Insurance Management
Sectors:	Financial Services

809,000.00 Valdosta, Georgia December 30, 1996

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned, INSURANCE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SERVICES, INC., a Florida corporation (the "Borrower") promises to pay to the Order of FIRST OF AMERICA BANK - FLORIDA, F.S.B., a federal saving bank (the "Lender") the principal sum of EIGHT HUNDRED NINE THOUSAND DOLLARS ($809,000.00), together with interest on the principal balance remaining unpaid from time to time at the rates set forth below.

Term. The term of this Note shall be from the date of this Note through and including the date that is exactly forty-eight (48) months following the date of this Note (the "Term"). The last day of the Term will be sometimes referred to below as the "Maturity Date".

Interest. The principal balance of this Note remaining unpaid from time to time shall bear interest from the date of this Note through and including the date that all indebtedness evidenced hereby is paid in full at the rates per annum equal to the Lender's Base Lending Rate (the "Lending Rate") announced or published by Lender from time to time, to be adjusted daily as and when the Lending Rate is adjusted. In the event the Lender shall cease or fail to announce or publish a Lending Rate, regardless of the reason therefor, then the Lender may utilize the Lending Rate announced or published by any other nationally known financial institution for Purposes of determination of the interest rate for the remainder of the Term. In the event that all nationally known financial institutions shall cease or fail to announce or publishing a Lending Rate, regardless of the reason therefor, then the Lender shall select a comparable national index, and if no comparable national index is available, then Lender shall establish the interest rate for the remainder of the loan Term. The term "Lending Rate" shall mean the annual rate of interest announced from time to time by the Lender. The ending Rate is a reference rate for the information and use of the Lender in establishing the actual rates to be charged its borrowers. It is not intended to and does not represent the best or lowest rate of interest available to any borrower or class of borrowers.

Manner of Calculation. Interest shall be calculated on the basis of a three hundred sixty (360) day year for actual days elapsed. Interest will be charged on the principal balance of the loan that remains outstanding from time to time.

Signed for Identification

By: /s/ G. Kristin Delano --------------------------------- The Secretary of Borrower