1. Most developed animals
2. The presence of an endoskeleton in the form of rod-like supporting structure called notochord.
3. The presence of Hemoglobin in the red blood cells.
P.O.C |
Class Chondrichthyes |
Class Osteichthyes
|
Example
|
D shark
|
Bouri , bolti.
|
Skeleton |
Endoskeleton Cartilaginous
|
Endoskeleton Bony
|
Body cover
|
Placoid scales
|
Bony scales
|
Mouth
|
On the ventral surface with strong teeth.
|
Terminal
|
Locomotion
|
By fins
|
By fins
|
Respiration
|
Breathe Oxygen dissolved in water by Gills which are not covered by an operculum (cover)
|
Breathe Oxygen dissolved in water by gills which are covered by an operculum (cover)
|
Reproduction |
Separate sexes Internal Fertilization |
Separate sexes External Fertilization
|
og
fish ,
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
|
Class Amphibia |
Class Reptilia |
Class Aves |
Class mammalia |
Examples |
Frog, toad, s |
Turtle,Chameleon, L |
D |
Cheetah G |
Environment |
Their embryonic stages inhabit water. Adults on land |
on land, some live in water but lay their eggs on land Body divided into 4 regions Head, neck, trunk and tail. |
on land |
Most on land except the Whale and dolphin in water. |
Respiration |
First stages by gills. Adult by lungs and skin |
Lungs |
Lungs
|
Lungs |
Reproduction |
Lay eggs Adult return back to water only at the time of fertilization |
Lay eggs separate sexes |
Lay eggs Sexes are separate |
give birth Sexes separate |
Fertilization |
external |
Internal |
||
Body temperature |
Cold blooded |
Warm blooded
|
||
Body cover |
smooth slimy skin due to mucus secreted by mucous glands |
horny scales |
Feathers |
fur or hair |
Movement |
Has two pairs of pentadactyle limbs for locomotion on land. Hind limbs with webbed toes are used for swimming. |
have four weak limbs ending with five fingers with horny claws Snakes have no limbs |
fore limbs are modified into Wings to fly Few cannot fly (ostrich) Hind limbs for swimming & diving or moving on land Protruding sternum , attached to strong wing muscles. |
Have 4 pentadactyle limbs may have horny claws, toes, nails or hooves. |
alamander
izards,
snakes
uck,owl,
duck, hawk, pigeon, fowl, ostrich
oat,
sheep, cat, dog, whale, rat & horse
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
|
Subclass Prototheria |
Subclass Metatheria |
Subclass Eutheria |
Examples |
Duck-billed p |
K |
|
Developement |
Lay eggs . The youngs suckle milk secreted by mammary glands on the bottom of the abdomen of the mother. |
Give birth . The young aren't fully developed, The mother keeps them in a pouch where they suckle milk from nipples till complete development. |
Give birth to fully developed offspring. Feeding on milk from the mother’s mammary glands. |
latypus
angaroo
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
|
Order Edentata |
Order Insectivora |
Order Carnivora |
Order Cetacea |
Examples |
S |
H |
L |
W |
Teeth |
Most of them are without teeth. |
Their front teeth extend outward like pincers to capture the prey. |
They have large pointed canines Premolars are provided with sharp projections. Broad molars used for crushing bones. |
Forelimbs are modified to paddle-like. Hind limbs are absent. The last vertebra of the tail is horizontally flattened forming the tail fin. |
Key features |
Have strong curved Claws. |
|
|
|
loth,
armadillo & ant eaters.
edgehog
ion,
tiger, dog, cat,wolf & fox.
hale,dolphin
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
P. O. C.
|
Order Ungulata |
Order Rodentia |
Order Lagomorpha |
Order Chiropetra |
Examples
|
Cattle, sheep, camel, elephant, Giraffe,Zebra
|
Gerboa Mouse
|
Rabbit
|
Bat
|
Teeth
|
|
A pair of Chisel shaped incisors in each jaw.
|
A pair of sharp incisors in the upper jaw. 2 pairs of incisors in the lower jaw.
|
|
Key features
|
(meaning "hoofed animal") use the tips of their toes, usually hoofed, to sustain their whole body weight while moving. I |
long tails
|
Short tails
|
Fly during night. Weak sight. Their wings are made of thin skin stretched over long, thin finger bones |
nstep
bones in their legs elongate therefore the wrist & ankle
joints are above the ground.
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
Order Primates
1. Humans & animals such as lemurs, monkeys, gorilla, chimpanzee are the most developed mammals.
2. They have big brains , highly developed nervous system & high intelligence.
3. They have pentadactyl limbs .The first digit lies opposite to the other ones allowing these animals to use their palms in catching things accurately.
Chapter (5)