I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.

II. Write out the main Henry Maudslay and Joseph Clement’s inventions.

3) What should you know before using a lathe?

What are some things you should do?

- Wear appropriate safety glasses.

- Ensure that lathe has a start/stop button within easy reach of the operator.

- Follow job specifications for the speed, feed and depth of cut for materials being turned. Make sure all work runs true and centered.

- Centre drill work deeply enough to provide support for the piece while it is turning.

- Adjust tool and tool rest so that they are slightly above the centre of the work.

- Use a lifting device to handle heavy chucks or work. Refer to Materials Handling for additional information.

- Inspect chucks for wear or damage. Flying pieces can be very dangerous.

- Remove chuck wrench immediately after adjusting chuck.

- Use a barrier guard when operating the lathe in semi-automatic or automatic mode.

- Guard all power transmission parts.

- Remove all tools, measuring instruments and other objects from saddle or lathe bed before starting machine.

- Ensure that the chip and coolant shields are in place.

- Shut off the power supply to the motor before mounting or removing accessories.

- Stop lathe before taking measurements of any kind.

- Use a vacuum, brush or rake to remove cuttings only after the lathe has stopped moving.

- Keep working surface clean of scraps, tools and materials.

- Keep floor around lathe clean and free of oil and grease.

What are some things you should avoid doing?

- Do not wear gloves, rings, watches or loose clothing. Confine long hair.

- Do not lean on machine. Stand erect; keep your face and eyes away from flying chips.

- Do not place hands on work turning in the lathe.

- Do not use calipers or gauges on a workpiece while machine is moving.

- Do not make heavy cuts on long slender pieces because the work could bend and fly out of the lathe.

- Do not leave lathe unattended while it is running.

I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.

II. Write out the most important rules you should remember. Comment them.

4) Drilling machine

Drilling machines, also called drill presses, cut holes in metal with a twist drill. They also use a variety of other cutting tools to perform the following basic hole-machining operations: (1) reaming, (2) boring, (3) counterboring, (4) countersinking, and (5) tapping internal threads with the use of a tapping attachment.

To drill a hole usually hole-making machine-tools are used. They can drill a hole according to some specification, they can enlarge it, or they can cut threads for a screw or to create an accurate size or a smooth finish of a hole.

Drilling machines are different in size and function, from portable drills to radial drilling machines, multispindle units, automatic production machines, and deep-hole-drilling machines.

I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.

II. Find the following word-combinations in English in the text: ріжучі інструменти; операції виготовлення отворів; внутрішня різьба; пристосування; просвердлити отвір; надавати точного розміру; гладенька кінцева поверхня отвору; багатошпиндельний; свердлильні верстати для нарізання глибокого отвору.