3. People in the law

Complete these paragraphs withwords or expressions from the box.

Judges:

1. appointed

2. misconduct

3. Parliament

4. political

5. practise

6. Recorders

7. solicitor

In England, judges are 1) ******* by the Lord Chancellor*. The minimum requirement is that one should be a barrister or 2) ******* of ten years' standing. The majority of judges are barristers, but they cannot 3) ******* as barristers. 4) ******* are practising barristers who act as judges on a part-time basis. The appointment of judges is not a 5) ******* appointment, and judges remain in office unless they are found guilty of gross 6) *******. Judges cannot be Members of 7) *******. **

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a	g	e	f	d	b	c

The jury:

1. accused

2. biased

3. challenged

4. criminal

5. electoral register

6. eligible

7. inquests

8. jurors

9. libel

10. verdict

11. jury service

Juries are used in 1) ******* cases, and in some civil actions, notably actions for 2) *******. They are also used in some coroner's 3) *******. The role of the jury is to use common sense to decide if the 4) ******* should be for or against the 5) *******. Members of a jury (called 6) *******) normally have no knowledge of the law and follow the explanations given to them by the judge. Anyone whose name appears on the 7) ******* and who is between the ages of 18 and 70 is 8) ******* for 9) *******. Judges, magistrates, barristers and solicitors are not eligible for jury service, nor are priests, people who are on bail, and people suffering from mental illness. People who are excused jury service include members of the armed forces, Members of Parliament and doctors. Potential jurors can be 10) ******* if one of the parties to the case thinks they are or may be 11) *******.

* The Lord Chancellor is the member of the British government and of the cabinet who is responsible for the administration of justice and the appointment of judges in England and Wales. At the time this book was published, the role of Lord Chancellor was to be abolished and his / her role assumed by the Secretary of State for Constitutional affairs.

** Note that in the USA, state judges can be appointed by the state governor or can be elected; in the federal courts and the Supreme Court, judges are appointed by the President, but the appointment has to be approved by Congress.

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4. Vocabulary: company law

These sentences deal with company formation and management. In each case, choose the correct word or phrase to complete them.

1. The constitution of a company a) comprises b) consists c) contains of two documents.

2. The memorandum of association a) states b) provides for c) sets up the objects of the company and details its authorised capital.

3. The articles of association contain a) arguments b) provisions c) directives for the internal management of a company.

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