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2.3. It is interesting to know

In 1860 was published the classic recipe book by Elena Molokhovetz “Gift to Young Housewives”. It was over 1,000 pages long and is still considered a kitchen Bible by Russia’s home cooks. Mrs Molokhovetz was full of respect for Russian tradition and the dictates of the church calendar, but French in the techniques and refinement she brought to the ordinary table.

Salting and soaking are the oldest methods of preserving products for long and cold Russian winters. Foods treated in these two ways were favorites with both peasants and royalty. Empress Catherine the Great liked best of all a Russian dish of salted cucumber with a piece of boiled beef.

Russian cuisine has borrowed many products and preparation methods from other national cuisines. Trade with Byzantium brought Russia spices, seasonings, rice and buckwheat. Bulgaria shared its peppers, eggplants and marrow squashes.

Western neighbors influenced Russian cuisine too and now we have beef steaks and schnitzels from German-Dutch cuisine and many sauces, dishes of poultry, game, fish and vegetables from France.

Укажите какие из высказываний являются верными:

  1. Eastern neighbors influenced Russian cuisine too.

  2. Salting and soaking are the oldest methods of preserving products for long and cold Russian winters.

  3. The classic recipe book was published by Elena Molokhovetz in 1861

  4. Russian cuisine has borrowed many products and preparation methods from European cuisine.

  5. German-Dutch cuisine has influenced Russian cuisine.

3.3. What Means to Be Well-Mannered For an English and for American

The well-mannered Englishman at table holds and keeps his knife in his right hand, his fork in his left, cuts his meat and presses his vegetables onto his fork.

The well-mannered American first cuts up all his meat, then places his knife down on the right of his plate, takes his fork in his right hand and with his forklifts the food to his mouth.

He will have coffee (generally with cream) half-way through his dinner before the pudding (which he calls «desserts»). The Englishman drinks his coffee (black usually) after dinner. And of course, Americans are coffee-drinkers rather than tea-drinkers. The English for which tea-making is almost a religious ceremony would be shocked at the. American’s idea of how tea should be made. The popular method is to take a cup of hot (not necessarily boiling) water and drop into it a cotton bag with tea leaves in it. For a change they will sometimes put a pan of water on the teaspoonfuls of tea. Then they pour the mixture into a tea pot (cold, of course), pour it from there into a cup (or glass) and then drink it without turning a hair.

Укажите какие из высказываний являются верными:

  1. The well-mannered Englishman at table holds and keeps his knife in his right hand, his fork in his left.

  2. The well-mannered American takes his fork in his right hand and with his forklifts the food to his mouth.

  3. The Englishman drinks his coffee through his dinner.

  4. Americans are tea-drinkers rather than coffee-drinkers.

  5. The popular method is to take a cup of hot (not necessarily boiling) water and drop into it a cotton bag with tea leaves in it.