3. Cultural iceberg

Culture is a unique meaning and information system, shared by a group of people and transmitted across generations. Culture is often compared with iceberg, because the largest part of it can’t be seen. There are 3 levels of culture: surface culture, shallow culture and deep culture.

Surface culture means its elements that can be easily seen. FE, food, dress, music, language and so on.

Shallow culture includes people’s behavior, some unspoken rules of conduct such as courtesy rules, body language, the attitude to work, food, relationships to other people.

Deep culture means something that is followed without any thinking.

Culture is information about the country, which includes many rules and details.

(Example about culture)

Unique – уникальный

Shared – разделять

transmitted across generations – передаватьчерезпоколение

surface – поверхность

shallow - мелкий

include – включать

unspokenrules – непроизносимые правила

attitude – отношение

6. Etiquette and protocol in tourism

Protocol is a sets of unwritten guidelines or rules for the conduct of business and business dinning and entertaining. It is the officially accepted rules about public and state affairs.

Etiquette is ethical and socially acceptable behavior regarding professional practice or action among the members of a profession in their dealings with each other.

Some basic etiquette rules should know:

• travelers should respect other people during the travel.

• Take care of your children during the travel, don’t let them bother people.

• Don’t forget to tip; mane employees are dependent to tip as part of their income.

• When you travel with group, don’t make other wait for you.

• Should give priority to elderly people, disable and woman (especially pregnant or with children)

• Dress codes are important during travel. Attention should be paid to the local customs, values, of the places visited.

The employee of travel industry should pay due attention to their customers:

- never using imperative speaking style while talking to the client.

- being careful about bothering the clients.

- not be reflecting personal and private problems of the employees to the clients.

- staying alert to the client needs, not ignoring them, not staying indifferent to their needs.

- creating eye contact with the client with a friendly smile.

unwritten guidelines – неписаныеуказания

acceptable behavior – приемлемоеповедение

staying alert – бытьбдительным

reflecting problems – отражатьпроблемы

imperative speaking style – повелительныйстильобщения

8. Negotiations

In business negotiations play a huge role. Successful negotiations are those negotiations, the outcome of which is not revised. This rarely happens, because the main component of any negotiation is discussion and almost always two sides of negotiations (two companies) are not equal (неравны).

That’s why first of all explain to the position of the interlocutor (собеседник), make sure that you understand it correctly, and then explain your position. It is impossible to have any doubt (сомнения) about your position. Make a decision on the spot (наместе), or the decision will not be made ​​at all.

It’s required to prepare in advance for business negotiation. It means that you need to prepare not only the text and questions for discussion. Meeting room should be maximally comfortable and equipped. You should consider (продумать) the seating arrangement of the parties and consider if you need an interpreter’s facilities.

5. Cultural differensies

In different countries there are different cultures. Often they are the opposite. I want to show it, comparing (сравнив) German and Chinese cultures.

Germans are straightforward (прямолинейны) and strict (резкий) in saying opinions. They say what they think without worrying that it can offend. The Chinese always look for more polite answer and not retort. Germans are individualists, Chinese are collectivists.

Germans are very punctual and do not tolerate (терпеть) lateness. For the Chinese, it’s normal to late for 15 minutes. Germans openly express anger, but the Chinese are always smiling even they are upset or evil.

The Chinese do not understand the meaning of the turn (очередь) and the Germans will not be tolerated of it as many Europeans. For us it irritates (раздражать) when people don’t follow the turn.

Chinese speak very loudly, and for them it’s normal. For the Germans, it is a sign of ignorance and poor education. Germans like quiet and calm. Chinese are very noisy and emotional.

In business the chinese boss is sacrosanct (священный), german boss is the part of the collective.

And the last, a family means a lot for chinese. They never forget all members of the family, and for germans a keeping in touch with family is not accepted.