Seminar 4 Syntactic stylistic devices

1. Antithesis, its semantic and structural peculiarities, its difference from contrast.

2. Climax, its types. Anticlimax. p.86-87

3. Simile, its difference from comparison, metaphor. Epic simile, disguised simile. p.89

4. Litotes. Litotes and understatement. Expressiveness of the negation. p.93 IV (1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 12)

5. Periphrasis. Types of periphrasis. Common features with metaphor and metonymy. p.95 V (5, 10, 11, 16, 17, 20, 21)

6. Enumeration, types of enumeration. p.83 2, 3, 6; p.75 25; p.86 12; p.97 4, 19

7. Asyndeton, polysyndeton, attachment. p.82 V (4, 6, 8) ex.5, p.47

8. Do exercises: 1 (1-6) p.85/49; 2 (1-7) p.87/50; 3 (5-10) p.90/51; 4 (1-4) p.93/54; 5 (1-6) p.95/54

Recommended books:

- I.R. Galperin. Stylistics. M.: 1981, pp. 216-227, 246-248., 1977 pp.219-230, 246-249

- V.A. Kukharenko. A Book of Practice in Stylistics. M.: 1986, pp. 82-86.

Seminar 5 Graphical and phonetic means

1. Graphon, its stylistic value.

2. Alliteration and onomatopoeia. The difference between alliteration and assonance (agreement of vowel sounds).

3. Multiplication, hyphenation, italics and what is achieved by them.

4. Rhythm in poetry and prose. The role of syntactical stylistic devices in creating rhythm in prose.

5. The role of pauses, time-filler (or, er, well).

6. Emphasis (selective stress given to one or more words to attract attention to their special importance, emotional or logical, when they are to be intensified or contrasted). Its stylistic function.

5. Euphony as a kind of sound instrumentation, in which the meaning of the word or rather the general mood of the whole verse or prose passage is supported by a sound image.

6. Do exercises l (l-8) p.13; 2 (2-15) p.16; 1 (1-10) p.85.

Recommended books:

• I.R. Galperin. Stylistics. M.: 1981, 1977 pp. 123-135.

• V.A. Kukharenko. A Book of Practice in Stylistics. pp.10-13.

• И.В. Арнольд. Стилистика современного английского языка. Л.: 1973, стр.236-239, 249-291.

• И.В. Арнольд. Стилистика. Современный английский язык. М.: Флинта: Наука, 2002 стр. 275-296.

• В.А. Кухаренко. Интерпретация текста. М.: 1988, стр. 15-23, стр.153-154.

Seminar 6 Morphological stylistics

1. Transposition as actualization on the morphological level. Give examples to prove that transposition results in creating expressive, emotional, evaluative and stylistic connotations.

2. Transposition in nouns (the unusual plural, possessive case, the change of part of speech).

3. Article, its stylistic function (the use of articles with proper nouns, in enumeration). The role of article, the article in creating antonomasia and metaphor.

4. Transposition in pronouns (personal, indefinite, demonstrative, possessive).

5. Adjective (degrees of comparison with qualitative and relative adjectives; violation of combinability of adjectives and nouns).

6. Transposition in verbs (dramatic Present, Indefinite and Continuous aspects, archaic forms, modal verbs).

7. Do exercises: 2 (4, 6, 13, 15) p.21; 3 (2, 8-15) p.22; 6 (10, 13, 21, 26) p.25.

Recommended books:

- V.A. Kukharenko. A Book of Practice in Stylistics, M.: 1986, pp. 18-19.

- V.A. Maltzev. Essays on English Stylistics. Minsk: 1984, pp. 76-79.

- И.В. Арнольд. Стилистика современного английского языка. Л.: 1973, стр. 178-197.

- И.В. Арнольд. Стилистика. Современный английский язык. М.: Флинта: Наука, 2002 стр. 191-217.

- В.А. Кухаренко. Интерпретация текста. М.: 1988, стр. 138-159.