- •With what references are the consumers compare product prices?
- •What are the objectives of sales-promotion? Give the characteristics each of them?
- •Communication process.
- •New product development process
- •Give the characteristic of direct marketing.
- •6. What are the differences between primary types of price deals?
- •10. Developing process of new product. Stage’s characteristic.
- •Give the proposition for averting communications barriers.
- •12. What are the methods for companies deciding on the promotion budget? Explain each of them.
- •13. Expand methods of marketing research. Examples.
- •14. What is the difference primary and secondary data? Name and justify the advantages and disadvantages of primary and secondary data.
- •15. Explain the purpose and nature of product policy.
- •16. Compare the marketing of all types of business goods.
- •17. Give the characteristic of stages of developing new products.
- •18. What are the main reasons that may hinder success of new products on the market?
- •19. Compare the marketing of consumer and business goods.
- •20. Explain the features of business and non-profit marketing
- •21. Reveal how factors internal and external environment affect marketing activities.
- •Explain three categories of new products and marketing activity of them.
- •Imitative products that are new to a particular company but not new to the market;
- •Compare the marketing of all types of consumer goods.
- •The common methods of marketing pricing.
- •Stages of marketing research.
- •Objectives and resources of communications process.
- •27.Give the characteristics of the common forms of marketing activities. Give the examples.
- •Give the characteristics and differences of all types of brand managers.
- •Give the characteristics of types of the marketing control.
- •What is the marketing plan? Give its characteristics and sphere of its using.
- •Content of the marketing plan
- •Marketing plan process. Give the characteristics of each elements of this model.
- •What are the needs, wants and demand? What are the differences? Give the examples.
- •What is the marketing network? Give the characteristics of each element
- •35. How the sellers’ four Ps correspond to the customers’ four Cs? Explain all position of them.
- •36. Give the main differences between non-profit and business marketing.
- •37. What the marketing depending on the objects is?
- •38. Types of marketing depending on the nature and scope of the existing and desired demand
- •39. What are the market segmentation and positioning? Give the characteristics of them.
- •40. What are the criteria for effective segmentation? Give the characteristics each of them.
- •41. What are the segmentation’s strategies? Give the characteristics and differences each of them.
- •42. The categories of marketing research firms. Give the characteristics and differences each of them.
- •43. General types of research designs. Give the characteristics and differences each of them.
- •44. In what ways primary data can be collected? Give the characteristics each of them.
- •45. In what ways secondary data can be collected? Give the characteristics each of them.
- •Stages in the adoption process of new product. Give the characteristics each of them.
- •What is the adoption rate? What are the characteristics affected the adoption rate?
- •What is the price/quality relationship? Consumer’s strategies of pricing.
- •Give the characteristics of the common methods for companies deciding on the promotion budget.
- •Give the characteristics of the factors in developing company’s promotion mix.
35. How the sellers’ four Ps correspond to the customers’ four Cs? Explain all position of them.
m-g mix is the set of m-g tools that the firm uses to pursue it’s m-g objectives in the target market.
Marketing-mix decisions must be made to influence the trade channels as well as the final consumers.
The seller’s 4Ps correspond to the customer’s 4Cs
4Ps 4Cs
Product customer solution or customer needs
Price customer cost
Place convenience
Promotion communication
Model 4P
1 Product include product variety, quality, design, features, brand name, packaging, size, services, warranties, returns.
2 Price include list price, discount, allowances, payment period, credit terms/
3 Place include channels, coverage, assortments, locations, inventory, transport.
4 Promotion include sales promotion, advertising, sales force, public relations, direct marketing.
36. Give the main differences between non-profit and business marketing.
Depending on the goal-setting marketing is:
1.business is carried out by organizations and individual success
2.non-profit is carried out by organizations and individuals working in the public interest or another odea and not seeking to obtain financial gain
37. What the marketing depending on the objects is?
Depending on the objects of differentiated marketing is
1. products – entrepreneurial activity which manages the promotion of goods from producer to customer
2. services – the process of defining managing and meeting the demand for services
3. organizations – activities undertaken with a view to establishing, maintaining or changing positions (behavior of target audiences) in relation to specific org-ns
4. person – activities undertaken to create, maintain or change the position in relation to specific individuals
5. locality – the activities undertaken to create, maintain or change attitudes (behavior) related to specific places
6. ideas – development, implementation and monitoring of programs to achieve perception of the idias the task force
38. Types of marketing depending on the nature and scope of the existing and desired demand
Depending on the nature and scope of the existing and desired demand distinguish the following types of marketing:
1. conversion used in negative demand, characterized by the fact that the bulk of consumer rejection of a particular product regardless of its quality (to create a positive demand)
2. stimulating used in the absence of demand for an unknown commodity to the buyer or if it is the consumer cost of the goods, but it another market. The program of stimulating marketing should include a broad advertising and other activities for providing.
3. developing used to convert potential demand into real (creation of new products)
4. remarketing restores the declining demand for goods as it is crowding out other, more new product. The main task of remarketing – finding ways to revive demand
5. sinhromarketing used for fluctuating demand, which occurs when trading in goods seasonal consumption. To stabilize the demand entrepreneur should particularly responsive to the needs of people, use activities that develop or impede the appropriate requirements (to stimulate D using season discounts, sales and for inhibition – higher prices)
6. demand-maintaintaining is appropriate for stable demand, the relevant planned, and is used to counteract the possible negative impact of competitors, means increased advertising activity, careful planning and product pricing policies.
7.demarketing – applied in excessive demand. Failure to meet the high demand could lead to negative consequences, in particular, consumers may think that the manufacturer is unwilling or unable to meet demand fully. To reduce the excessive demand significantly higher prices, reduce or terminate the sale of licenses to foreign manufacturers.
8. demand-reducing is required when one formed irrational demand (contrary to public interest),associated with the discontinuation of the product, its exclusion from the trade, running campaigns to shape public opinion with a strong thrust against the product and its consumption.