Fig. 4. Stages of evolution of automorphic soils with complex organic profile in Vyatka Prikamye

Comparative geographical analysis indicates that both types of soils have a number of common features in morphology and substantive properties explainable by similarity of its history of development in the holocene. However, sod-podzolic soils show signs of a higher degree of eluviation profile due to differences in its geographical position caused zonal - bioclimatic factor and azonal - lithologic factor. It is clearly marked on the morphological and analytical levels.

First soils were formed in a more northern climate and in the final stage of the holocene in the wash water regime. It has brighter expressed podzolic signs: much silica in the upper and middle parts of the profile, lamellar SH horizons, little silt percentage in accumulative - eluvial strata, significant total (absolute) loss of silt, the sharp degree of textural differentiation of a profile, less favorable humus status and actual properties (low base saturation coefficient of absorption complex, strongly acidic reaction, lower capacity of cation exchange, etc.).

The second group of soils developed in a more southern part of the VP, with periodically wash currently water regime and, apparently, initially on a potentially fertile motherboard substrates predominantly carbonate or bases saturated. It has the less obvious external and internal podzolic signs: less intensity of silica up to the almost complete its absence (in gray gleyic soils), absence or weak signs platy manifestations of SH horizon, much silt percentage and degree of texture differentiation of the profile, the positive balance of the silt, better humus status and more favorable actual properties, in particular, reaction, saturation coefficient, absorption capacity, etc. It is obvious that the differences in pedogenesis conditions between these soils took place throughout the post-glacial era. It becomes stronger in modern time as a result of earlier, in the words of S.I. Korzhinsky "forest approach to steppe".

Conclusions:

1. Materials about conservative and actual properties of soils with polygenetic profile submitted by us confirm productivity of neo-Dokuchaev paradigm "soil - is a mirror and a memory of the landscape".

2. The complex of modern morphological genetic and analytical methods of paleosoils research allows to clearly separate actual and conservative properties of a mineral phase of soils with signs of polygenesis and to make a retrospective analysis of the soils formation history that is the one of the most reliable indicators of the condition of geographic environment.

3. Adjoint analysis of the substantive properties of the series of polygenetic soil with relict residual second and third humus horizons has given the opportunity to justify the concept of paragenetic evolution of automorphic, semi- hydromorphic and intra-zonal soils of southern taiga and mixed forests as a result of migration of natural areas near the boreal ecotone of Russian plains in post-glacial stage of landscape evolution in Vyatka Prikamye.

4. Polygenetic soils of Vyatka and Kama basins point to the fact of migration forest-steppe landscapes with gray forest soils to a northerly direction to the latitude of the Cheptsa river valley in first Boreal- Atlantic stage of the Holocene (about 9-5,5 thousand years ago) and the return movement of taiga to forest-steppe landscapes on Vyatka Prikamye in second Subboreal - Subatlantic Holocene stage.