1. Match the words in italics with their definitions

- the number, variety, and variability of Earth’s organisms;

- a group of similar organisms whose members freely interbreed with one another in the wild to produce fertile offspring;

- providing the services, including information about birth- control methods, to help people have the number of children they want.

- the supply of fresh water under Earth’s surface;

- traditional agricultural methods that are dependent on labor and a large amount of land to produce enough food to feed oneself and one’s family, with little left over to sell or reserve for hard times;

- the biological process that captures light energy and transforms it into the chemical energy of organic molecules (such as glucose), which are manufactured from carbon dioxide and water.

- pertaining to the land. Compare aquatic.

- the local environment in which an organism, population, or species lives.

- a developing country with a low level of industrialization, a high fertility rate, a high infant mortality rate, and a low per capita income (relative to highly developed countries).

- the uppermost layer of Earth’s crust, which supports terrestrial plants, animals, and microorganisms.

- the basic structural and functional unit of life.

- a situation in which there are too many people in a given geographic area.

- a condition in which people are unable to meet their basic needs for adequate food, clothing, or shelter.

- any parts of the natural environment that are used to promote the welfare of people or other species; examples include clean air, fresh water, soil, forests, minerals, and organisms.

- a developing country with a medium level of industrialization, a high fertility rate, a high infant mortality rate, and a low per capita income

- a lush, species-rich forest biome that occurs in tropical areas where the climate is moist throughout the year.

- a situation in which each individual in a population consumes too large a share of resources, that is, much more than is needed to survive; results in pollution, environmental degradation, and resource depletion.

- any undesirable alteration of air, water, or soil that harms the health, survival, or activities of humans and other living organisms.

- an industrialized country that is characterized by a low fertility rate, low infant mortality rate, and high per capita income.

- the amount of time that the typical person in a population or cohort is expected to live.

- lands that are transitional between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and are covered with water for at least part of the year.

2. Translate into Ukrainian the words in bold types.

3. Critical Thinking and Review Questions

1. Why does a single child born in the United States have a greater effect on the environment than 12 or more children born in a developing country?

2. Do you think it is possible for the world to sustain its present population of 6.7 billion indefinitely? Why or why not?

3. Explain the following ancient proverb as it relates to the concept of environmental sustainability: We have not inherited the world from our ancestors; we have borrowed it from our children.