Passive (past and future perfect)

Past / future perfect tense of verb to be (had /will have been) + past participle Active: Tom had painted the house. The workers will have finished the work. Passive: The house had been painted. The work will have been finished by workers.

Ex. 15. When the pupils went back to school after the summer holidays, a lot of things

had been changed. Write the words in brackets in past perfect passive.

New desks ___had been bought______________________(buy).

1. A lot of trees ____________________________________(plant).

2. New lights ______________________________________(put in).

3. The classrooms ___________________________________(paint).

4. A tennis court ____________________________________(build).

5. The fence ________________________________________(take down).

6. Five new classrooms ________________________________(add).

7. New equipment __________________________(buy) for the chemistry lab.

8. Showers __________________________(install) in the changing rooms.

9. New blackboards ____________________________(put up) in the classrooms.

10. A school canteen ______________________________(repair).

11. The floor in the gym ______________________________(changed).

10. The whole school ________________________________(modernize).

Ex. 16. Turn from active into passive. Use past or future perfect.

1 When I came out of the restaurant I found that a thief had taken my car radio.

2 John will have received the paper by tomorrow.

3 I knew why they hadn’t chosen me for the job.

4 They will have given me new medicine before another check up.

5 The builders say they will have finished the road by September.

The Passive Infinitive

We form the passive infinitive with be + past participle Verbs such as can, must, may, might, have to, should often come before it. Active Passive People must keep dogs on leads in the park. Dogs must be kept on leads in the park. I have to return these books to the library. These books have to be returned to the library. They may not reserve seats. The seats may not be reserved.

Ex. 17. Use the correct form of the verb in brackets.

1. That building is old. It should ___be pulled ____(pull) down.

2. When you go through Customs, your luggage may _________________(check) by a customs

officer.

3. Do you think that less money should ____________________(spend) on arms?

4. The music at the party was very loud and could ___________________(hear) from far away.

5. This furniture can ___________________(assemble) by anyone, with just a screwdriver.

6. The work must ___________________(do) by the end of the evening.

7. The tourists should ____________________(warn) that swimming in this place is dangerous .

8. The meeting can ______________________(postpone) because of illness.

9. The advertisement of cigarettes in our country must ______________________(ban).

10. This letter may not _________________________(write) in pencil.

11. The football match had to _______________________(cancel) because of bad weather.

Ex. 18. The environment: what can be done to make the Earth a safer and better place?

1. We should clean up the air. __The air should be cleaned up.________________________

2. We should protect animals in danger. _____________________________________________

3. We could use more solar energy. _________________________________________________

4. We shouldn’t treat food with chemicals. ___________________________________________

5. We must find ways to prevent oil spills. ___________________________________________

6. We shouldn’t use products which damage the ozone layer._____________________________

7. We mustn’t put waste into seas and rivers. _________________________________________

8. We must change people’s attitude towards the environment. ___________________________

9. Governments ought to make tough laws against litter. ________________________________

10. We can safe more energy and water. _____________________________________________

11. We should ban cars which use leaded petrol. ______________________________________

12. We ought to stop cigarette advertising. ___________________________________________