Будущее неoпределеннoe с точки зрения прошедшего

(The Future Indefinite in the Past Tensе)

Образование Future Indefinite in the Past

Future Indefinite in the Past - сложное время, образующееся при помощи вспомогательных глаголов should, would и основы инфинитива основного глагола.

Cпряжениe Future Indefinite in the Past

число	лицо	утвердительная форма		вопросительная форма			отрицательная форма
един.	1	I should (I’d) ask		Should I ask?			I should not (shouldn’t) ask
	2	You would (you’d) ask		Would you ask?			You would not (wouldn’t) ask
	3	He	would (‘d) ask	Would	he	Ask?	He	would (wouldn’t) not ask
		She			she		She
		It			it		It
множ.	1	We should (We’d) ask		Should we ask?			We should not (shouldn’t) ask
	2	You would (you’d) ask		Would you ask?			You would not (wouldn’t) ask
	3	They would (they’d) ask		Would they ask?			They would not (wouldn’t) ask

Значение и употребление Future Indefinite in the Past

Future Indefinite in the Past редко употребляется в разговорной речи. Это время встречается в повествованиях о прошедших событиях при передаче в косвенной речи слов или мыслей какого-либо лица, относящихся к будущему. Соответственно Future Indefinite in the Pаst употребляется в дополнительных придаточных предложениях после глаголов say, tell, write, think, know и некоторых других в формах Past Indefinite (said, told, wrote, taught, knew и т.п.).

He told me he would never repeat the same mistake. - Oн сказал мне, что больше никогда не повторит ту же ошибку -

I was sure she’d be late as usual. – Я был уверен, что она, как обычно, опоздает.

В отрицательной форме глагол would иногда принимает модальный оттенок нежелания совершения или трудности совершения действия:

The tape-recorder wouldn’t work. - Магнитофон все не работал.

He wouldn’t answer her letters. - Он ни за что не xoтeл отвечать на ее письма.

Личные формы глагола Времена группы Indefinite

The Present Indefinite

►Задание 1. Вставьте глагол to be в Present Simple.

1. I ... a pupil. 2. My father ... not a teacher, he ... a scientist. 3. ... your aunt a doctor? – Yes, she ... . 4. ... they at home? – No, they ... not at home, they ... at work. 5. My brother ... a worker. He ... at work. 6. ... you an engineer? – Yes, I ... . 7. ... your sister a typist? No, she ... not a typist, she ... a student. 8. ... your brother at school? – Yes, he ... . 9. ... your sister at school? - No, she ... not at school. 10. My ... sister ... at home. 11. ... this your watch? – Yes, it ... . 12. She ... an actress. 13. This ... my bag. 14. My uncle ... an office-worker. 15. He ... at work. 16. Helen ... a painter. She has some fine pictures. They ... on the walls.

►Задание 2. Употребите глагол to be в нужной форме настоящего времени и поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму:

1.Ted ... a student. He ... a very good student. 2. Now they ... on the farm. The farm ... not far from Minsk. 3. These ... long texts, and those ... short. 4. Her name ... Lisa. 5. There ... a lot of interesting books in the library. 6. The pen ... on the table. 7. She ... a teacher. 8. There ... a book on the table. 9. The map ... on the wall. It ... old. 10. We ... in the classroom now.

►Задание 3. Раскройте скобки, выбрав нужную форму глагола:

1.There (is, are) a large table in my room. 2. There (is, are) a blackboard, four tables and five chairs in our classroom. 3. There (is, are) a lot of words in Text Five. 4. There (is, are) no time for it today. 5. (is, are) there a monument on the street?

►Задание 4. Употребите глагол to have в нужной форме настоящего времени и поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму:

1.Ann ... a child. 2. I ... many nice stamps. 3. Jim and James ... brown bags. 4. You ... a flat in the city. 5. Pete ... many English magazines. 6. They ... a new club. 7. My brother ... a wife. 8. We ... many coloured pictures.

►Задание 5. Напишите отрицания к данным предложениям.

1. I play the piano very well. 2. Jack plays the piano very well. 3. You know the answer. 4. She works very hard. 5. They do the same thing every day.

►Задание 6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.

1. He (know) several foreign languages. 2. I (learn) English at school. 3. Usually the train (leave) at 10 o'clock. 4. Our grandparents (live) now in Moscow. 5. He (visit) them regularly last year. 6. As a rule I (go) to my Academy by bus. 7. She (not like) poems. 8. Your children usually (ask) many questions. 9. At present he (work) at school. 10. My brother (like) music.

►Задание 7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.

1. My sister (to get) up at eight o'clock. 2. She (to be) a school-girl. She (to go) to school in the afternoon. 3. Jane (to be) fond of sports. She (to do) her morning exercises every day. 4. For breakfast she (to have) two eggs, a sandwich and a cup of tea. 5. After breakfast she (to go) to school. 6. It (to take) him two hours to do his homework. 7. She (to speak) French well. 8. My working day (to begin) at seven o'clock. I (to get) up, (to switch) on the radio and (to do) my morning exercises. It (to take) me fifteen minutes, At half past seven we (to have) breakfast. My father and I (to leave) home at eight o'clock. He (to take) a bus to his factory. My mother (to be) a doctor, she (to leave) home at nine o'clock. In the evening we (to gather) in the living-room. We (to watch) TV and (to talk).

►Задание 8. Вставьте данные слова в нужной форме в пропущенные в предложениях места: boil, close, cost, cost, go, have, like, meet, open, smoke, speak, teach, wash

1. She's very clever. She … four languages. 2. Steve … ten cigarettes a day. 3. We usually … dinner at 7 o'clock. 4. I … films I often … to the cinema. 5. Water … at 100 degrees Celsius. 6. In Britain the banks … at 9 in the morning. 7. The City Museum … at 5 o'clock every evening. 8. Food is expensive. It … a lot of money. 9. Shoes are expensive. They … a lot of money.10. Tina is a teacher. She … mathematics to young children. 11. Your job is very interesting. You … a lot of people. 12. Peter … his hair twice a week.

►Задание 9. Вставьте правильный глагол-заменитель сказуемого:

1. Do you go to the office by car? Yes, I … . 2. Have you got a new flat? Yes, we …. 3). Jane likes to cook. So … I. 4. Jim cannot swim. Neither … Jack. 5. Nick takes after his father. So … Jim.

►Задание 10. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол to be в Present Simple.

1. Я ученик. Я в школе. 2. Мой брат художник. Он не инженер. 3. Моя сестра на работе. Она врач. 4. Он студент. 5. Вы студент? — Нет, я врач. 6. Моя сестра дома. 7. Мы не в школе. Мы дома. 8. Мой брат ученик. Он в школе. 9. Ваша мама дома? – Нет, она на работе. 10. Ваш двоюродный брат дома? - Нет, он в школе. Он ученик. 12. Ваша сестра учительница? - Нет, она студентка. 12. Твой папа на работе? — Нет, он дома. 13. Твоя сестра машинистка? — Да. — Она дома? – Нет, она на работе. 14. Мой дедушка ученый. 15. Моя мама не учительница. Она врач.

Past Indefinite

►Задание 1. Выберите, к какой из групп относятся следующие глаголы: правильные (regular) и неправильные (irregular).

a) To file, to light, to understand, to dwell, to put, to win, to hit, to cancel, to learn, to sleep, to find, to spread, to hide, to be, to sit, to bear, to begin, to meet, to teach, to bite, to blow, to look, to break, to do, to wear, to split, to wake, to draw, to say, to seek, to sell, to drink, to drive, to eat, to fall, to fly, to hold, to forbid, to spell, to sink, to hear, to catch, to come, to freeze, to give, to lie, to ride, to ring, to tell, to swear, to think, to rise, to become, to remove, to leave, to see, to watch, to shake, to shave, to show, to get, to grind,

b) to steal, to cut, to swim, to swing, to tear, to bind, to slide, to bring, to cost, to need, to shed, to go, to cancel, to pay, to grow, to know, to shut, to burn, to buy, to dig, to feed, to fight, to build, to swell, to hang, to have, to sing, to shoot, to set, to keep, to hurt, to run, to lay, to spring, to lead, to write, to let, to read, to lend, to spoil, to forget, to deal, to lose, to smell, to broadcast, to saw, to reach, to spill, to forgive, to make, to send, to take, to shine, to spit, to stand, to arise, to stick, to spend, to breed, to sting, to cast, to strike, to sweep, to weep, to strive, to dream, to lean, to mean, to cling, to feel, to awake, to speed, to move, to choose, to stop, to throw, to kneel, to bend, to divide.

Задание 2. Переведите неправильные глаголы, указав все три формы.

Писать, стрелять, писать или про­износить слово по буквам, бросать, покупать, резать, плавать, брать, учиться, понимать, терять, красть, показывать, закрывать, ехать, прислоняться, приходить, строить, подниматься, ударять, звонить, стоить, рождать, ломать; держать, хранить; мечтать, замерзать, начинать, видеть, забывать, класть, носить, приносить, говорить, пахнуть, копать, падать, забывать, лежать, бороться, плавать.

Задание 3. Поставьте следующие глаголы в форму прошедшего времени: give, swim, go, meet, speak, see, take, write, live, know, arrive, begin, drive, earn, find, finish, get, hear, help, leave, like, look, lose, love, make, move, pass, read, sit, stand, start, stop, talk, thank, understand, visit, walk, want, win, work, fall, feel, lay, strike, rise.

►Задание 4. Распределите следующие глаголы по трем группам, в зависимости от того как читается окончание “-ed” в форме прошедшего времени ([id], [d], [t]).

Carried, chatted, cleaned, cooked, copied, counted, crossed, danced, died, dressed, earned, ended, finished, hated, ironed, jumped, laughed, liked, listened, lived, looked, loved, moved, painted, played, rained, relaxed, retired, sailed, served, showed, signed, smiled, smoked, stayed, stopped, studied, sunbathed, talked, travelled, typed, visited, walked, wanted, watched, worked.

►Задание 5. Раскройте скобки, употребите глаголы в простом прошедшем времени:

1. I (to see) this film several years ago. 2. Yesterday Mary (to get) a letter from her brother. 3. He (to graduate) from the University in 1970. 4. I (to have) breakfast and (to go) out into the street. 5. There (to be) a concert at our club, (to be) not there? 6. She (to want) to take a bath, but there (not to be) hot water. 7. He (to know) why he (not to like) geography.

►Задание 6. Продублируйте предложения, преобразовав их в прошедшее неопределённое временя (yesterday / last week etc.)

1. He always goes to work by car. Yesterday he went to work by car. 2. They always get up early. This morning they … . 3. Bill often loses his keys. He … last Saturday. 4. I write a letter to Jane every week. Last week … . 5. She meets her friends every evening. She … yesterday evening. 6. I usually read two newspapers every day. … yesterday. 7. They come to my house every Friday. Last Friday … . 8. We usually go to the cinema on Sunday. … last Sunday. 9. Tom always has a shower m the morning. … this morning. 10. They buy a new car every year. Last year … . 11. I eat an orange every day. Yesterday … . 12. We usually do our shopping on Monday. … last Monday. 13. Ann often takes photographs. Last weekend … . 14. We leave home at 8.30 every morning … this morning.

►Задание 7. Продублируйте глаголы в пропущенных местах, поставив их в отрицательной форме. Образец: I saw John but I didn't see Mary.

1. They worked on Monday but they … on Tuesday. 2. We went to the shop but we … to the bank. 3. She had a pen but she … any paper. 4. Jack did French at school but he … German.

►Задание 8. Вставьте один из следующих глаголов в прошлом неопределённом времени в пропущенные в предложениях места: clean, die, enjoy, finish, happen, live, open, play, rain, smoke, start, stay, want, watch.

1. Yesterday evening I … television. 2. I … my teeth three times yesterday. 3. Bernard … 20 cigarettes yesterday evening. 4. The concert last night … at 7.30 and … at 10. 5. The accident … last Sunday afternoon. 6. When I was a child, I … to be a doctor. 7. Mozart … from 1756 to 1791. 8. We … our holiday last year. We … at a very good hotel. 9. Today the weather is nice, but yesterday it … . 10. It was hot in the room, so I … the window. 11. The weather was good yesterday afternoon, so we … football. 12. William Shakespeare … in 1616.

►Задание 9. Вставьте один из следующих глаголов в прошлом неопределённом времени в пропущенные в предложениях места: buy, catch, cost, drink, fall, hurt, sell, spend, teach, throw, win, write.

1. Mozart … more than 600 pieces of music. 2. “How did you learn to drive?” “My father … me.” 3. We couldn’t afford to keep our car, so we … it. 4. I was very thirsty. I … the water very quickly. 5. Paul and I played tennis yesterday. He’s much better than me, so he … easily. 6. Don … down the stairs this morning and … his leg. 7. Jim … the ball to Sue, who … it. 8. Ann … a lot of money yesterday. She … a dress which … $100.

►Задание 10. Вы задаёте кому-либо вопросы. Напишите общие вопросы. Образец: I watched TV last night. - Did you watch TV last night?

1. . I enjoyed the party. 2. I had a good holiday. 3. I got up early this morning. 4. I slept well last night.

►Задание 11. Напишите специальные вопросы к данным ниже предложениям.

1. . I met somebody. (Who) 2. Harry arrived. (What time) 3. I saw somebody. (Who) 4. They wanted something. (What) 5. The meeting finished. (What time) 6. Pat went home early. (Why) 7. We had dinner. (What) 8. It cost a lot of money. (How much)

►Задание 12. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present или Past Simple.

1. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day. 2. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 3. My brother (to wash) his face every morning. 4. Yesterday he (to wash) his face at a quarter past seven. 5. I (not to have) history lessons every day. 6. We (not to rest) yesterday. 7. My brother (not to drink) coffee yesterday. 8. My mother always (to take) a bus to get to work, but yesterday she (not to take) a bus. Yesterday she (to walk) to her office. 9. You (to talk) to the members of your family every day? - Yes, I .... But yesterday I (not to talk) to them: I (to be) very busy yesterday. 10. You (to come) home at six o'clock yesterday? – No, I .... Yesterday I (to come) home from school at half past eight. I (to be) very tired. I (to have) dinner with my family. After dinner I (to be) very thirsty. I (to drink) two cups of tea. Then I (to rest). 11. Your sister (to go) to school every day? – Yes, she ....

Future Indefinite

►Задание 1. Вставьте глагол to be в Present, Past или Future Simple.

1. My father ... a teacher. 2. He ... a pupil twenty years ago. 3. I ... a doctor when I grow up. 4. My sister ... not ... at home tomorrow. 5. She ... at school tomorrow. 6. ... you ... at home tomorrow? 7. ... your father at work yesterday? 8. My sister ... ill last week. 9. She ... not ill now. 10. Yesterday we... at the theatre. 11. Where ... your mother now? — She ... in the kitchen. 12. Where ... you yesterday? — I ... at the cinema. 13. When I come home tomorrow, all my family ... at home. 14. ... your little sister in bed now? — Yes, she ... . 15. ... you... at school tomorrow? — Yes I ... . 16. When my granny... young, she ... an actress. 17. My friend ... in Moscow now. 18. He ... in St. Petersburg tomorrow. 19. Where ... your books now? – They ... in my bag.

►Задание 2. Вставьте глагол to be в нужной форме:

1 .There ... a telegram on the table. 2.... there any tel­egrams from Moscow? Yes, there ... some . 3.... there ... a flight for Moscow tomorrow? Yes, there .... 4. There ... much snow last winter. 5.There ... a lot of stars and planets in space. 6.... there... a lift in your future house? Yes, there ... ... . 7. Some years ago there ... many old houses in our street. 8. ... there any lectures yesterday? No, there... 9. ... there a lamp over the table? Yes, there .... 10. ... there any interesting stories in this book? 11. ... there a test last lesson? No, there ... . 12. Soon there ...... a new film on.

►Задание 3. Напишите отрицание к данным предложениям в будущем неопределённом времени.

1. You’ll sleep. 2. I’ll forget. 3. It will happen. 4. You’ll find it.

►Задание 4. Напишите предложения, начиная словами I think . . . Все предложения в будущем неопределённом времени.

1. (Diana / pass the exam). 2. (Jack / win the game). 3. (Sue / like her present). 4. (the weather / be nice tomorrow). 5 (they / get married). 6. (I / be at home this evening).

►Задание 5. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол to be в Present, Past или Future Simple.

1. Мой брат сейчас в школе. 2. Мой брат был вчера в кино. 3. Мой брат будет завтра дома. 4. Ты будешь дома завтра? 5. Она была вчера в парке? 6 Он сейчас во дворе? 7. Где папа? 8. Где выбыли вчера? 9. Где он будет завтра? 10. Мои книги были на столе. Где они сейчас? 11. Моя мама вчера не была на работе. Она была дома. 12. Мой друг не в парке. Он в школе. 13. Завтра в три часа Коля и Миша будут во дворе. 14. Мы не были на юге прошлым летом. Мы были в Москве. 15. Завтра мой дедушка будет в деревне. 16. Когда твоя сестра будет дома? 17. Ты будешь летчиком? — Нет, я буду моряком. 18. Моя сестра была студенткой в прошлом году, a eel час она врач. — Ты тоже будешь врачом? — Нет, я не буду врачом. Я буду инженером.

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