3. Подберите словарные определения к следующим организациям: wto, g8, un, nato, Schengen Area.

1. is a military alliance established on 4 April 1949, the headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, and the organization provides a system of collective defense whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party;

2. is a group of twenty-five European countries which have abolished all border controls between each other; it originates from the agreement signed.in 1985;

3. is a forum, created by France in 1975, for governments of eight nations of the northern hemisphere: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the UK, and the USA;

4. is an international organization whose main aims are to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights and achieving world peace founded in 1945 after World War II;

5. is an important selective, mainly private, international organization aimed at controlling and liberalizing international trade; officially established on 1 January 1995.

4.Выразите согласие или несогласие со следующими высказываниями:

1. The European Union is an economic and cultural union of 27 member states, located in Europe.

2. The EU maintains common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development.

3. Sixteen member states have adopted a common currency, the euro.

4. All EU countries are members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

5. Schengen Area doesn’t include any non-EU countries.

6. In certain areas the EU depends upon agreement between the member states.

7. EU citizens elect the Parliament every four years.

5. Напишите к данному ниже предложению четыре вопроса: общий, специальный, альтернативный и разделительный.

The European Union was established by the Treaty of Maastricht on November 1^st in 1993.

Контрольная работа 4 Вариант 2

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LANGUAGES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

Among many languages and dialects used in the EU, it has 23 official and working languages: Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Irish, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, and Swedish. All important documents, such as legislation¹, are translated into every official language. The European Parliament provides translation into all languages for documents and its plenary sessions. Some institutions use only a few languages as internal working languages. Language policy is the responsibility of member states, but EU institutions promote² the learning of other languages.

German is the most widely spoken mother tongue and there are about 18% of native speakers, that is, 88.7 million people, living in the European Union. German is followed by English (13%), Italian (13%) and French (12%). However, nowadays English is the most widely spoken foreign language of over half (51%) the population, while German is spoken by 32% and French by 26% population. Moreover, it has been found that 56% of European citizens are able to speak a language other than their mother tongue. Most official languages of the EU belong to the Indo-European language family, except Estonian, Finnish, and Hungarian, and Maltese. Most EU official languages are written in the Latin alphabet except Bulgarian, written in Cyrillic, and Greek, written in the Greek alphabet.

Besides the 23 official languages, there are about 150 regional and minority languages, spoken by up to 50 million people. Of these, only the Spanish regional languages (Catalan/Valencian, Basque and Galician), Scottish Gaelic and Welsh can be used by citizens in communication with the main European institutions. Although EU programmes can support regional and minority languages, the protection of linguistic rights is provided by the individual member states.