Билет № 6.

1. Прочитать и перевести текст. Ответить на вопросы по тексту.

Land use planning involves many aspects of planning such as designing planning options, evaluation of feasibility (economic, environmental, social impact assessment), providing assistance to decision maker, implementation and monitoring of plans.

Rural land use planning is concerned with all (economic) activities in rural areas, such as agriculture, pastoralism, forestry, wildlife conservation and tourism. Besides evaluation of the potential of different activities, rural land use planning assists in resolving conflicts of interests between groups of land users.

Some of the key aspects of agricultural land use planning are physical and socio-economic ones. Physical aspects involve land evaluation (mapping, analysis, suitability matching), identification of opportunities for change (improve existing land use system, suggest new land use systems), natural resources management (sustainable land use systems).

Answer the questions:

1. What aspects does the land use planning involve?

2. What is rural LUP concerned with?

3. What is agricultural LUP concerned with?

2. Глаголы to be, to do, to have.

В английском языке глаголы to be, to do, to have и их разные формы встречаются гораздо чаще, чем в русском, так как в английском они имеют больше функций, и сфера их применения шире, чем в русском языке. Менталитет англичан и способы его выражения кое в чём отличаются от наших.

Глагол to be может употребляться как самостоятельный смысловой глагол в значении быть, находиться, и как глагол-связка в значении быть, являться. На русский язык глагол-связка обычно не переводится. He is a teacher. — Он (есть) учитель. He was busy. – Он был занят. To be употребляется и как вспомогательный глагол для образования времён глагола группы Continuous.

I am reading a sport magazine. – я читаю спортивный журнал.

Глагол to do может употребляться как самостоятельный смысловой глагол в значении делать(I like to do something special. – Я люблю делать что-то особенное), и как вспомогательный глагол для образования времён глагола группы Simple. Mike didn’t go to work last Monday.

Глагол to have может употребляться как самостоятельный смысловой глагол в значении иметь (This car has a silent gearbox. – У этой машины бесшумная коробка передач), так и как вспомогательный глагол для образования времён группы Perfect и Perfect Continuous. I have just recharged the battery. – Я только что зарядил батарею). Англичане НЕ говорят: «У меня есть…» Англичане говорят «Я ИМЕЮ…» = («У меня есть…») = I HAVE

3. 3. Рассказать о себе.

Let me introduce myself. My name is Tom Smith. I am 20. I am tall, well-built and handsome. I am clever, reliable, sociable, hard-working and responsible. I live in Mari El. The republic of Mari El is a part of Russia. I am not married. But I’ve got a big family. My hobbies are fishing and dancing. I also enjoy sport. I go to the swimming-pool three times a week. This year I graduate from Yoshkar-Ola Agriculture College. I am a land use planner.

Билет № 7.

1. Прочитать и перевести текст. Ответить на вопросы по тексту.

Some of the key aspects of agricultural land use planning are physical and socio-economic ones. Physical aspects involve land evaluation identification of opportunities for change, natural resources management (sustainable land use systems).

Land is a limited resource and the misuse of land can lead to such problem as non-sustainable land use: processes of overexploitation (overgrazing, deforestation, erosion hazard).

We need to conserve land resources for future use through sustainable land uses. For successful land use planning it is important to determine the best use of the land. It is necessary to take into consideration efficiency, equity, acceptability and sustainability of the land. At the same time conflicts of interests between land users should be s resolved.

Answer the questions:

1. What do physical aspects of agricultural LUP involve??

2. Is land a limited resource?

3. What is important for successful LUP?

2. Настоящее простое время.

Present Simple Tense образуется при помощи V₁ а отрицательные и вопросительные формы при помощи вспомогательного глагола do/does + V_1. употребляется для выражения

1. факты, отдельные действия I like coffee. My father works at the bank.

2. универсальные факты. The sun rises in the East.

3. обычные, регулярно повторяющиеся действия We go to the night club every Saturday.

4. последовательность событий I get up at 6.50, I dress and wash myself. Then I have breakfast.

Every day (week, month, year, summer, Friday), in summer (spring, autumn, winter) on Monday (Tuesday…) on week days, at the weekend, always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly ever, never

3. Рассказать о своей семье.

My family is not very large, just a typical family: Dad, Mom, me, my brother and sister and our cat. My Mum is 42. She is not tall. She is slim and pretty. She has got long fair hair and blue eyes. She is very kind, caring and understanding. She’s a social worker. Her hobby is cooking. My Dad is 45. He is tall, well-built and handsome. He’s got short dark hair, thick moustache and brown eyes. He is smart, responsible and confident. He is a driver. My parents both like their work very much.

My sister Natasha is 17, she goes to the university. She wants to become an accountant. She is fond of dancing. My younger brother Mike is only 6 years old, he goes to the kindergarten. He is very funny. I like to spend my free time teaching him something. Mike likes to play with our cat.

My grandparents are retired. They like gardening. They spend a lot of time in the garden. They grow vegetables and fruits. We enjoy having fresh vegetables and greens on our dinner table.

I love my family very much. We always help each other and share all our troubles and joys.