3. Обсудите текст, выбрав утверждения:

a) истинные

3. ложные

1.Demand is the quantity of a good buyers wish to purchase at a particular price.

2. Supply is the quantity of a good sellers wish to produce at every possible price.

3. Demand equals the quantity demanded.

4. The lower the price of a good, the higher the quantity demanded.

5. The higher the price of good, the lower the quantity supplied.

6. The equilibrium price is the price at which sellers wish to sell the goods.

IV. Обсудите текст, указав правильные ответы на вопросы

1.What is the equilibrium price?

a) It is the price at which the quantity supplied equals the quantity demanded.

b) higher prices increasingly lucrative to supply

c) It is every possible price sellers wish to sell at .

2. What does demand show?

a) demand is not a particular quantity

b) the higher the price of chocolate, the higher the quantity supplied.

c) it describes the behaviour of buyers at every price.

3. How can supply be defined?

a) supply is a corresponding increase in the quantity

b) the quantity of a good sellers wish to sell at every possible price.

c )the term “quantity demanded" can be defined only in relation to a particular price

V. Заполните пропуски в диалоге, выбрав грамматически правильные варианты, предложенные в скобках.

- ... you a student or a worker? (1.- a)Is ; b)are; c)do; d)does)

.- I ... a student.(2. - a)is; b)do; c)am; d)can)

.- What ...you ...? (3. - .a)Is ; b)are; c)do; d)have 4. a) studied; b)studies; c)study; d)to study)

- I ... economics (5. (a)to studies; b)am studying; study; has studied)

Вариант 2

1. Ознакомьтесь с содержанием текста.

FREE MARKET AND PRICE CONTROLS

Free markets allow prices to be determined purely by the forces of supply and demand.

Government actions may shift demand and supply curves, but the government makes no attempt to regulate prices directly. If prices are sufficiently flexible, the pressure of excess supply or excess demand will quickly bid prices in a free market to their equilibrium level.

Markets will not be free when effective price controls exist. Price controls are government rules or laws that forbid the adjustment of prices to clear markets. One of price controls is introducing ceiling prices (maximum prices).

Price ceilings make it illegal for sellers to charge more than a specific maximum price. They are typically introduced when a shortage of a commodity threatens to raise its price by a substantial amount. For example, high food prices may lead to considerable hardship among the poor. Faced with a national food shortage, a government might impose a price ceiling on food so that poor people can continue to buy adequate quantities of food.

A system of controls includes both deciding when and by how much to change the nominal ceiling price and ensuring that the rationing system works fairly. Only when it is known how a particular system operates in practice, it will be possible for society to make a sensible choice between a free market and a controlled market.