13. Опишите преимущества раствора на полимерной основе при крс.

Polymer base mud

Profits

• Poor solids content

• Low filtrate

• High suspension capability and solids

carrying capacity

Constraints

• Potentially damaging

• Unstable with the temperature

• Water block

• Degradability over time

14. Функции цемента в межколонном и заколонном пространстве в скважине.

15. Процедура поднятия колонны нкт с механическим пакером.

With

Retrievable Packer

Begin procedure:

• Killing the well

_ Depressurise the string

_- Kill the well with Bullheading method

• Reverse circulation and Direct circulation

_ Open the circulation valve (or puncher)

_ Execute Reverse circulation

_ followed by a direct circulation

With Retrievable Packer

• Check the well

_ if the well flows: check the mud density and repeat the circulation

_ if the well does not flow: continue

• Remove Xmas tree

_ Close SCSSV (if present)

_ Insert BPV

_ Remove Xmas tree

16. Перечислите функции нкт и компоненты входящие в ее состав

The main function of a well completion string is to establish a safe and efficient conduit between the reservoir and the surface for the production of reservoir fluids (oil and gas).

Once the well is drilled , the wellbore is typically lined with a steel tube called “casing.” The casing is typically cemented in place. Cemented casing is designed to prevent oil and gas from flowing through the space between the side of the wellbore and the outside of the casing, or to the surface or other zones (such as protective water zones) which could cause contamination. The casing also prevents well bores from collapsing under the pressure of fluids and surrounding rocks.

Once casing is in place, a “well completion string” is installed inside the casing. Well completion strings serve three main purposes:

• to direct the flow of reservoir fluids through the inside of the well completion string;

• to stop the flow of reservoir fluids should a well need to be shut in; and

• to install safety devices that, if needed, would prevent uncontrolled flow of reservoir fluids.

Components normally installed in a well completion string are liner systems, production packers, subsurface flow controls, and subsurface safety valves with associated items. Components of a well completion string are very specialised and are designed and manufactured to meet the specific requirements of each well. Geological and reservoir characteristics must be analysed; logistical issues and limitations must be considered and surface equipment capabilities must be examined and verified. The well completion string is an integral part of a Completion System. Located below the surface, well completion strings are required to be reliable and have high construction quality. We have highly qualified, internationally trained completion teams consisting of both engineers and operations personnel. Completion design engineers must evaluate several potential scenarios to identify and prevent problems during both the production life and the remedial operations of a well that may span 20 to 30 years or more. Equally important are the operations personnel who must have specialised knowledge and experience to properly and safely install our Completion Systems.