Musical instruments

Task 2.5. Provide the English names for the instruments below.

Ударні	Мідні духові	Дерев'янні духові	Струнно-смичкові	Струнно-щипкові
Тріщотки rattles	Горн horn	Гобой oboe	Скрипка violin	Домра domra
Літаври timpany	Тромбон trombone	Флейта flute	Альт viola	Балалайка balalaika
Барабан drum	Труба trumpet	Жалійка pipes	Віолончель cello	Гуслі psaltery
Тамтам tam-tam	Туба tuba	Волинка bagpipes	Контрабасdouble bass	Гітара guitar
Бубен tambourine	Валторна French horn	Кларнет clarinet		Арфа harp
Челеста Celesta	Фанфари bugle	Фагот bassoon
Тарілки cymbals
Кастаньєти casta’nets

Task 2.6. Read the text and name the musical instruments of the orchestra below.

What is the layout of the orchestra?

The conductor stands in front of the orchestra with his back turned to the audience. To his left there are the first violinists (under the management of a concertmaster). The second violinists seat next to the first violinists. The viola players seat mid-centre. The cellists are to the right of the conductor. The contra-basses are placed behind the cellos. Behind the violas there are the flutes and piccolos, to the right of them there are oboes and bassoons. Behind the oboes and bassoons there are the clarinets and bass clarinets. Behind the woodwind section there is the brass section with the French horns to the left, trumpets, trombones and tuba next to them. At the back of the Orchestra there is the percussion section with drums, bass drums, kettledrums, cymbals, vibraphones, in the far left corner there is the harp. In case of a pianist, he or she is to be to the left of the conductor.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

Task 2.7. Words often have more than one meaning. Read the definitions for these words and circle the one that relates to music, dance, and theatre.

1. Curtain

a) a window drapery

b) a screen separating the stage from the auditorium in a theater

c) the closing scene of a play

2. Stage

a) a platform for a microscope on which the object to be examined is placed

b) a horse-drawn passenger coach

c) a step in the process of the development

d) a raised platform for entertaining

3. Program

a) a short outline of the order of some entertainment

b) a plan for a computer

c) a performance in a theater

4. Conductor

a) a person who collects money on some means of public transportation

b) a leader of a musical group

c) a substance which transmits electricity, sound, or heat

5. Usher

a) a servant who has charge of a door or hall

b) an officer who walks in front of an important person

c) a person who escorts people to their seat

6. Baton

a) a stick with which a leader directs an orchestra

b) a stick passed from one runner to another in a race

c) a stick with a ball on the end used by a drum major in a band

7. Podium

a) a low wall serving as a foundation

b) a raised platform for an orchestral

c) a raised platform for giving lectures

Task 2.8. Special Instruments

Can you think of a traditional instrument commonly played in your native country that is not commonly played in the United States? If so write a short paragraph about it. Describe it, compare it to one of the instruments mentioned in the above reading, and tell what kind of music is usually played on it. Can you play this instrument?

Task 2.9. Imagine that you are going to form your own supergroup. Choose the musical instruments that you would like to play, style of music, language you would like to sing. Make use of the following suggestions.

Instrument violin celo bass harp flute clarinet trumpet piano accor­dion guitar synthesizer acoustic guitar 12-string guitar drums extra-percussion (tambourine, etc.) electric instruments saxophone harmonica

Style The Blues Country music Disco Hip-Hop Jazz Latin American music Pop(ular) music Rap Reggae Rock and Roll music Rock music Soul music

SECTION 3. VOCABULARY AND READING

Task 3.1. Look at the words below. Find:

- four words for types of music.

- two adjectives to describe music.

-three words for musicians.

- three words for -a form of recording.

- one word for a song.

- one word for a great success.

lyrics bossa nova melody samba cool mellow chord tenor guitarist LP album feature number one hit chart guitar single disc composer jazz saxophonist rock

Find out what the remaining words mean.

Task 3.2. Work in pairs. Write down five more words for musical instruments and five words for the musicians who play them.

e. g. piano - pianist

Task 3.3. Read the passage, which comes from a magazine, and decide what it is about.

• Stan Getz - Astrud and Joao Gilberto - Tom Jobim - the bossa nova