31. Choose the correct variant.

The foundation work …. by providing anchoring sills.

A) is finished

The column … an important part in the history of building since the earliest day.

A) has played

Quite a lot of people all … together to make the house.

A) work

The spaces between the foundations walls … with concrete.

A) are filled

Aluminum alloys ... the strength of steel.

A) can possess

The bricks … together with mortar.

A) are stuck

The elevators … moving staircases.

A) are like

Steel and cast iron … to the group of ferrous metals.

A) are referred

The principal virtues of aluminium … lightness combined with strength .

A) are

The basic materials for making concrete … cement, aggregate and water.

A) are

We … all metals into ferrous and non-ferrous metals.

A) divide

Copies of the plan ... and are given to the builder.

A) are made

The characteristics of concrete … upon the quality of the materials.

A) depend

All types of cement … during setting.

A) shrink

What … when water is added to the cement ?

A) takes place

The water used for mixing cement, lime and plasters … reasonably clean.

A) must be

On tall buildings the builder ... a lift which can be moved to different places.

A) may use

Air pollution problem … in the near future.

A) won’t be solved

The durability of sandstones … very largely upon the cementing material.

A) depends

What kind of masonry units …?

A) do you mean

The builders … to continue their work, because it was so late.

A) weren’t able

Houses ... of wood, bricks, stone and concrete.

A) are built

Without water a man soon …

A) perishes

Plastics … all the fine characteristics of a building material with good insulating properties.

A) combine

We … many building materials for bearing structures.

A) use

Into what two classes can concrete …?

A) be divided

Olympic Committee … much attention to sports and games.

A) pays

A lot of work ... by builders in near feature.

A) will be done

Our country … more and more specialists with a higher education nowadays.

A) requires

Builders now … two types of new building materials.

A) produce

61 . Choose the correct preposition

Cement is burnt … high temperature and ground up … powder.

A) at, into

Concrete is made … mixing cement, water, sand and gravel … the right amount.

A) by, in

In many ways aluminium has been slow … making progress, mainly because …its cost.

A) in, of

Ferrous metals are … good importance … variations.

A) of, in

… direct contact … a heat source, aluminium is an excellent conductor.

A) in,with

Cast iron is chiefly used … building … compressed members … construction.

A) in, for, of

The walls … the house will be built … the concrete foundations.

A) of , on

The spaces … the foundations walls are filled … concrete.

A) between, with

A scaffold is a platform … planks … the workmen to stand … .

A) of, for, on

When the walls are … the level … the first floor he puts … the wooden floor joists.

A) at, of, in

When the roof is … , many different workmen can come and finish … the house.

A) on, off

All the woodwork … a house used to be done … carpenters and joiners … the building site.

A) in, by, on

There are many different ways … getting things … to the scaffolds.

A) in, up

Most … the woodwork is made … joinery works.

A) of, at

The joiners finish all the woodwork … the house, and leave it … the painters.

A) in, for

When all the wires and pipes are … place the house is ready … the plasterers.

A) in, for