Verbs Do andMake

Although these two verbs are synonyms, it’s quite wrong to use one in place of the other.

To do – to act, perform, carry out, undertake, fulfill. To do is used in a wider, more general sense, more abstractly than to make. To do denotes an action, but not the creation of something.

He didthe work well.He is doing his homework for tomorrow. What are you going to do when you come home ? What are you doing? – I’m writing a letter.

To make – to produce, construct or bring into existence. To makemeans to create something either with the hands or the mind.

John made this chair. I’m fond of making dresses. On Sundays my mother makes wonderful cakes. What are you making? – A table.

When we speak of the material of which something is made we use the prepositions of, from, out of.

The table is made of wood. Bread is made from flour. The blouse is made out of an old dress.

Free combinations containing “ to do”:to do work; to do homework, housework; to do exercises; to do a translation; to do drills.

Free combinations containing “ to make”:to make a house; to make a machine; to make dinner; to make tea; to make a fire.

Set phrases withto do:to do smb. a favour; to do one’s hair=to arrange one’s hair; to do smb. a service

You did me a great service by coming today.

To do smb. credid

Your behavior does you credit.

To do sb. justice

To do him justice, he is very clever.

To do good; to do harm

The medicine will do you much good if you take it regularly.The fresh air did me a world of good. The storm did much harm on land and sea. Some birds do great harm to harvest.

“to have to do with” means “to be connected with”

He told us some facts which have nothing to do with the subject of the lecture. Has this book anything to do with your work? I don’t want to have anything to do with this person.

to do without = to get along without something

You will have to do without a new coat this year.

“To do” is often used with adjectives, adverbs, and adverbial phrases: to do one’s best, to do well, to do worse, to do smth. willingly, with pleasure, etc.

Set phrases withto make:to make a mistake,to make a remark, to make a noise, to make a report (speech), to make faces, to make friends (enemies), to make progress, to make an effort(attempt), to make a promise;to make someone happy, sad; to make the bed, make a decision,make a change/changes,make a mess=to put things indisorder, make trouble, to make much of = to admire.

Exercise 5. Read the stories and answer the questions.

WOOL

Teacher: What do we get from sheep?

Boy:Wool.

Teacher:And what do we make from wool?

Boy: I don’t know.

Teacher:Well, what is your coat made of?

Boy:My coat was made from father’s old coat.

What was the boy’s coat made of?

WHOSE MISTAKE

Teacher: (looking through Teddy’s homework): I wonder how one person could make so many mistakes.

Teddy: It wasn’t one person, teacher. Farther helped me.

Who did Teddy’s homework?

Exercise 6. Translate into Russian.

• Practice makes perfect.2. Don’t makemountains out of mole-hills. 3.They are made for each other. 4. Make the most of something. 5. Make hay while the sun shines. 6. A good beginning makes a good ending. 7. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. 8. Do in Rome as the Romans do. 9. What we do willingly is easy. 10. What is once done cannot be undone. 11. Well begun is half done. 12. If you want a thing well done,do it yourself. 13. Make hay while the sun shines. 14. Haste makeswaste. 15. As you make your bed, so you must lie on it. 16. An empty stomach makes a careless eye. 17. Anything that is worth doing is worth doing well. 18. Don’t make mountains out of mole-hills.

Exercise 7. Answer the questions.

1. When do you do your homework? 2. Can you make the fire? 3. Do you usually make many mistakes in your tests? 4. Who does the housework in your family? 5. Can you make friends easily? 6. Do you make up with your friends after a quarrel? 7. Do you keep all the promises you make? 8. What is your best strategy that helps you to make progress in your English? 9. What are books made of? 10. What are stockings made of? 11. What is bread made from? 12. What things can be made out of glass? 13. Is the furniture usually made out of wood or plastic? 14. Can we make soup without water? 15. What is wine made from?

Exercise 8. The following statements are not true to the fact. Correct them.

1. The story was so funny, it made me cry. 2. Tables are made of glass. 3. The does not make the grass grow. 4. Animals make nests. 5. If you want a thing well done, ask someone to do it. 6. This dress is made of paper. 7. It will do you good if you go to bed late every night. 8. Bread is made from meat. 9. He does a lot of mistakes in the dictation. 10. Our grandmother doesn’t work and she does dinner for the family. 11. The teacher asked the students to make the translation of the story.

Exercise 9. Make up as many collocations from the words in the box as you can.

Make/ do: an excuse research a favour harm a crossword a fortune an impression a mess a mistake money an experiment a noisean offer preparations progress sure trouble one’s mind

Exercise 10. Fill in “do” or “make”.

1. She _____her own clothes.2. Wine _____grapes. 3. She tried _______a good impression on the interviewer. 4. I keep _____the same mistakes. 5. He ______some excuse about his daughter being sick. 6. The break will ______you good. 7. Our new boss is planning to _____ some changes. 8. What does he ____for a living?9.She____appointments for her boss and she ______ sure he keeps his appointments. 10. The school can_______arrangements for pupils with special needs. 11.Would anyone like to _______ any comments on the talk? 12. It’s you who has to _______ the decision, not me. 13. I’ll have a word with her to _______ it clear that she has to improve. 14. When I left university I _______ a decision to take up a profession in which I could be creative. 15. You must _______ an effort and study for your exams. 16. I ______ a few mistakes. 17. Merry is ______progress with all her schoolwork.

19. Do you think it would ______any harm if I cut some leaves off this plant? 20. Did you ______ any work on Sunday? 21. Did the fire ______ any damage to the building? 22. Wine _____grapes. 23. She tried ________a good impression on the interviewer. 24. He ______some excuse about his daughter being sick. 25. We were in a hurry so we had ______a quick snack.

26. The flight leaves in twenty minutes – we’ll never ______it. 27. She promised to write to me and _______an appointment for the evening. 28. She came about a week after Thanksgiving and called right away, wanting me to vacuum and ________the beds.

Exercise 11. Choose“do/make” in these questions and ask your partner to answer them.

1. Do you ever do/make negative comments about your friend’s appearance?

2. Do you always do/make the bed in the morning?

3. Have you ever done/made an appointment and didn’t go to see this person?

4. Do you do/make your clothes yourself?

5. What does your father / mother/ brother do/ make for a living?

6. Have you ever invented any stories to do/makean impression on your friends?

7. Do you often do/make a mess in your room?

Exercise12. Translate from Russian into English.

1. Эти серьги cделаны из серебра, а эта рама (frame) - из чистого золота. 2. Онзаработал себе состояниепродажей картин. 3. Они поцеловались и помирились. 4. Не верь ей, вечно она сочиняет разныеистории! 5. Хватит раздумывать. Время принимать решение! 6. «Это надо учить наизусть. Я ни для кого не собираюсь делать исключение», строго сказала молодая учительница.7. Вчера Джон сочинил стихотворение. 8. Мой друг произвел на моих родителей хорошее впечатление. 9.Неделайизмухислона! 10. Ha этом заводе производят медицинское оборудование. 11. Сейчас я постелю постель , и вы сможете лечь отдыхать. 12. Говорят, что она сделала большие успехи в учебе. 13. Эта работа должна быть сделана сегодня во что бы то ни стало. 14. Вот мука, из которой вы можете сделать торт. 15. Дети сделали домики из песка. 16. Чтобы быть здоровым необходимо делать зарядку каждое утро.17. Он вышел в сад убедиться, что дождь перестал. 18. Летом она подружилась со многими хорошими людьми. 19. Анна встала в 7 часов, приготовила завтрак, прибрала в комнате, причесалась и нанесла на лицо косметику. 20. Постарайся не откладывать на завтра то, что можешь сделать сегодня. 21. Чтобы заработать себе на жизнь она стала делать переводы книг. 22. Не шумите! Уже поздно.

Exercise 13. Go around the classroom and askyour group-mates what they can do/can’t do and can make/can’t make. Then inform us about your survey.