I. In accented syllables

1. [i:] where<a> = [ei]: he [hi:], neon [’ni:an], theme ['9i:m], medial [’mi:diai], thesis [’9i:sis]. If<e>is followed by <r>then [i:] becomes [ia]: here [’hia], material [ma'tiarial].

2. [э:] before final<r>, before<r>+ another consonant, and before final -rr(s), -rrh(s) and -rr + -ed, -er(s), -est and -ing(s): prefer [pri’fa:], verb [’va:b], err [э:], referred [ri’fa:d], referring [ri’fa: rirj, but merry [meri],

3. [e] everywhere else: let [’let], memory [’memari].

II. In unaccented syllables

1. [i] in the majority of unaccented syllables: prefer [pri’fa:], re­spect [ri’spekt].

2. [a] a) before<r>: ferocious [fa'raufas]; b) within a word before <1>, <m>, <n> + a consonant: constellation [.konsta'leifanl.

3. <e> is silent: a) in final position, if there is one more vowel in a word: make [’meik]; b) before final -d: baked [’beikt], but in -ded, -ted <e> is read: added ['sedid], wanted [Vontid]; c) before final-s and -’s: stones [’staunz], wife’s [’waifs], but in -ces, -ches, -ges, -jes, -ses, -shes, -xes, -zes, -ce’s <e> is read: faces [’feisiz], dishes [’difiz], etc. Before -ss <e> is always read: goodness [’gudnis].

III. Digraphs with the letter <e>

ea, ее = [i:]: eat [’i:t], ea, ее = [ia] before <r>: ear [ia], deer [dia]; ei, ey = [ei]: eight [’eit], convey [kan’vei]; eu, ew = [ju:]: neuter [’nju:ta], new [nju:], but eu, ew — [jua] before

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<r>: neural [’njuaral]; eu, ew = [u:] after <ch>, <j>, <1>, <r>, <rh>, <y>: chew [’tfu:], crew [’kru:]; eu, ew = [иэ] between the above mentioned consonants and <r>: pleurisy [’pluarisi]; ey = [i] in unaccented final syllable: donkey(s) [’dorjki(z)].

<I>

I. In accented syllables

1. [ai] in final position and before a vowel: I [ai], lie [lai].

2. [ai] before a consonant / except <r> and <x>/ or a consonant /except<l>, <r>, <x>, / + <1>, <r>, if it is followed by: a) mute <e>: life [’laif]; b) <a>, <e>, <o>, <u>, <y>, of the final syllable when the consonant is not followed by mute<e>: final [’fainal], ivy [’aivi]; c) -able(s), -ing(s), -is or -ive(s): advisable [ad’vaizabl], decisive [di’saisiv], biting [’baitin], crisis [’kraisis].

3. [ai] before gh: high [’hai].

4. [ai] before final -ld(s), -nd(s) and before Id, nd + -ed, -er(s), -est or -ing(s): mild [’maild], minded [‘maindid], kind [’kaind], finder [’fainda], grinding [’graindin], kindest [’kaindist].

5. [aia] before <r> where before other consonants <i> = [ai]:fire [’faia], aspiring [a'spaiarirj].

6. [э:] in those cases where <e>= [э:]: stir [’sfa:], whirr [’wa:].

7. [i] before consonants everywhere else: sit [’sit], middle [’midl].

II. In unaccented syllables.

1. [i] in the majority of unaccented syllables: divide [di’vaid],

2. [a] before <r> /except the initial syllable/: admiral ['sedmaral].

<0>

I. In accented syllables

1. [au] where <a> = [ei], <e> = [i:]: go [’gau], poetry [’pauitri], home [’haum], opus ['aupas], motion [’maujan], notable [’nautablj, bold [’bauld].

2. [o: ] a) before <r> where before other consonants <o> = [au]: more [’mo:], glory [’gb:ri]; b) before final <r>, before <r> + another consonant, before final -rr(s), -rrh(s) and before -rr+ -ed, -er(s), -est or -ing(s): nor [’no:], abhorred [ab’ho:d].

3. [a:] in wor + a consonant: work [’wa:k], worship [’wa:J ip].

4. [o] before consonants everywhere else: stop [’stop], bottle [’botl].

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