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Exercises

1. Answer the following questions. Begin your answers with such introductory phrases as: as far as I know; as far as I remember; to my mind; certainly; it's hard to tell; probably; of course; if I am not mistaken etc.

1) What purposes was Morse code radio equipment used for in time of World War I?

2) Why had aviation radios become widespread in all but the smallest airplanes?

3) What are the advantages of aviation radio appliances?

4) What are the features that distinguish aviation from other transportation forms?

5) What is meant by "long haul"?

6) Why do pilots spend more time assessing aircraft status than searching out nearby planes during the long-haul portion of a flight?

7) Where must flight clearance be received?

2. You should check the pronunciation of key words. Transcribe the words: appliance; equipment; fledgling; reliable; distinguish; feature(s); clearance

4. Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following expressions:

(1) приобрести широкое распространение (2) несмотря на, (3) для военных целей, (4) при взлёте и посадке, (5) дальние перевозки, (6) разрешение на полёт, (7) в противоположном направлении, (8) поблизости от, (9) надёжный, (10) Правила полёта по приборам, (11) авиадиспетчерская служба, (12) иметь важнейшее значение, (13) Федеральное управление гражданской авиации (США), (14) наземный центр управления

5. Match the words from the texts (1-10) with the definitions (a-j):

1

cockpit

A

in spite of

2

widespread

B

a long distance

3

equipment

D

safe

4

reliable

E

the necessary items for a particular purpose

5

long haul

F

device

6

in the vicinity

G

widely used

7

appliance

I

a pilot's cabin

8

despite

J

near

6. Complete the text with the words from the box

cockpit

reliable

military purposes

distinguish

appliance

takeoff

landing

widespread

Despite

As World War I progressed, airships and specially equipped airplanes carried Morse code radio equipment for … . Early pilots considered radios an unwelcome intrusion in the …, and some pilots refused to use them. … these protests, aviation communications provided undeniable benefits to safe and efficient operation, so the system expanded. Following World War II, this truly useful … had become … in all but the smallest airplanes, as airspace around major cities became congested.

Air traffic control (ATC) uses technology and trained staff to assure safe movement of aircraft in airspace and at airports. ATC continually monitors every instrument flight rules (IFR) flight from … to … , as well as visual flight rules (VFR) flights upon pilot request and controller availability, enabling …, efficient transportation of people and goods by airlines.

Air transportation is essential to modern life, and it requires that passengers feel safe during air travel. The features of aviation that … it from other transportation forms are its high speed and vertical operation.