- •Irina gorbacheva
- •To my first and very special teacher of Phonetics
- •Contents
- •General preface
- •B. Glossary to “Drills”.
- •I. Introductory Notes.
- •I.1. Rp is the way to be received in the best circles of society.
- •I.2. Conscious Approach.
- •Figure 1: Dorsal pronunciation manner.
- •Figure 2: Apical pronunciation manner.
- •I.3. Some principal differences between Russian and English articulation.
- •I.4 Some phonetic phenomena common for both languages:
- •I.5 The articulators and principal resonators of the speech mechanism.
- •Figure 8: Active and passive organs of speech.
- •I.6 Phoneme and allophone.
- •I.7 Classification of English Phonemes.
- •Figure 9 :The System of English Consonants
- •I.8 Aspiration
- •I.9 The duration of vowels.*
- •[ Ί ] in “seed” [ ί ] in “seat”
- •Figure 15: [ ] in “cod” and [ ] in “cot”.
- •I.10 Key to phonetic symbols
- •I.11 Allophonic signs
- •II. Phonetic drills lax, front, closed, unrounded
- •Weak, forelingual ( alveolar), occlusive, noise
- •Strong, forelingual (alveolar), occlusive, noise
- •Forelingual (alveolar), occlusive, nasal sonant
- •Forelingual (alveolar), constrictive, oral sonant (lateral)
- •Tense, front ,closed, unrounded
- •Strong, forelingual(alveolar), constrictive, noise
- •Weak, forelingual (alveolar), constrictive, noise
- •Lax, front, open, unrounded
- •Strong, forelingual (post-alveolar), constrictive, noise
- •Strong* , bilabial, occlusive ,noise
- •Contrast [ p1 ] – [ p2 ] – [ p3 ]
- •Weak, bilabial, occlusive, noise
- •Bilabial, occlusive, nasal, sonant*
- •Polysyllabic organization of words
- •Tense, back, open, unrounded
- •Tense, back, mid-open, rounded
- •Lax, back, open, rounded
- •Strong*, backlingual, occlusive, noise
- •Contrast [ k1 ] – [ k2 ] – [ k3 ]
- •Weak, backlingual, occlusive, noise
- •Strong, labio-dental, constrictive, noise
- •Weak, labio-dental, constrictive, noise
- •Veal leave obvious
- •Loss of plosion*
- •Lateral plosion*
- •Nasal plosion*
- •Pharyngeal, constrictive, noise, voiceless
- •Lax, central, mid-open, unrounded
- •Lax, central, mid-open, unrounded(“schwa”)
- •Tense, central, mid-open, unrounded
- •Strong, lingua-dental, constrictive, noise
- •Weak, lingua-dental, constrictive, noise
- •Lax, back, closed, rounded
- •Tense, back, closed, rounded
- •Medialingual, constrictive, oral sonant
- •Forelingual(cacuminal), constrictive, oral sonant
- •Weak, forelingual (post-alveolar), constrictive, noise
- •Strong, forelingual, occlusive (palato-alveolar), noise
- •Weak, forelingual (palato-alveolar), occlusive, noise
- •Lax, front(glide is central, mid-open), closed, unrounded diphthong
- •Contrast / ί / - / /
- •Lax, front, half-open (glide is closed), unrounded diphthong
- •Lax, front (glide is central, mid-open), open, unrounded diphthong
- •Lax, front, open (glide is closed) , unrounded diphthong
- •Lax, central, open, unrounded diphthong (glide is back, closed)
- •Lax, central, half-open, rounded diphthong
- •Lax, back, closed, (glide is central and mid-open) rounded diphthong
- •Lax, back, open(glide is front and closed), rounded diphthong
- •Lax, central, open, unrounded triphthong
- •Bilabial, constrictive, oral sonant
- •Lax, back, open, rounded triphthong
- •Backlingual, occlusive, nasal sonant
- •Appendix a glossary to “general preface” and “introductory notes”
- •Appendix b glossary to “drills”
- •References:
- •Keys to the last test:
- •Качество гласного склонно к измене
References:
1. Л.В.Бондарко, Л.А.Вербицкая, М.В.Гордина. Основы общей фонетики. Санкт-Петербург, 1991 год.
2. И.А.Горбачёва. Учебно-методические задания по практической фонетике английского языка. Оренбург,1994 год.
4. Л.Р Зиндер. Курс лекций по тории фонемы// Личные конспекты И.А.Горбачёвой. Рукописный вариант. ЛГУ.1983-1986 год.
5. Л.Е.Кукольщикова. Лекции по практической фонетике.//Личные конспекты И.А.Горбачёвой. Рукописный вариант. ЛГУ. 1984-1985 г.
6. A.C. Gimson An introduction to the pronunciation of English. London, 1970.
7. J.D. O’Connor. Better English Pronunciation. Cambridge, 1994.
Dictionaries:
1. Новый Англо-русский словарь В.К.Мюллера. Изд. «Русский язык». Москва, 2002.
2. English Pronouncing Dictionary by Daniel Jones./ Eds.:A. Gimson and S. Ramsaran. Cambridge, 1992.
3. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English by A.S. Hornby. The 5th ed. Oxford, 1995.
4. Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners. International Student Edition. Printed and bound in Malaysia, 2002.
Keys to the last test:
I.
1. / ί / 2. / / 3. / α /
II.
1. / / 2. / / 3./ /
III.
1. / / 2. / /
IV.
1. / ί / 2. / e / 3. / /
V.
1. / / 2. / z / 3. / /
VI.
1. / k / 2. / /
VII.
1. / m / 2. / t / 3. / f /
VIII.
1. / / 2. / / 3. / /
Учебное издание
Горбачёва Ирина Алексанровна
Качество гласного склонно к измене
Фонетический вводный курс английского языка
Сегментный уровень
Технический редактор
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