*Lobular pneumonia*3*10*1*

#106

*!Patient Smirnov aged 48 was admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of lobular pneumonia. He had been developing lobular pneumonia gradually. A week before the admission to the hospital he had had bronchitis after which his condition did not improve.

What title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*+Admission to the hospital

*Pathogenesis of the disease

*Patient’s complaints

*Physical examination

*Laboratory analysis

#107

*!Fever had an irregular course and the temperature changes were caused by the appearance of the new foci of inflammation in the pulmonary tissue. Fever had been persisting for two weeks and had been decreasing gradually. The patient’s breathing was rapid with 30-40 respirations per minute. There was breathlessness and cyanosis of the face associated with the accompanying bronchitis, decrease in the respiratory surface and occlusion of numerous bronchioles and alveoli.

What title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Patient’s complaints

*Admission to the hospital

*+Pathogenesis of the disease

*Laboratory analysis

*Physical examination

#108

*!The patient complained of the pain in the chest particularly on deep breathing in, shortness of breath and increased respirations. Fever with a shaking chill is even more suspicious. Many patients cough up clumps of sputum, commonly known as spit. The pulse rate was accelerated and the arterial pressure was reduced.

What title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Admission to the hospital

*Pathogenesis of the disease

*Laboratory analysis

*+Patient’s complaints

*Physical examination

#109

*!On physical examination dullness in the left lung, abnormal respiration, r rales and crepitation were revealed. Dry rales caused by diffuse bronchitis were heard all over the lungs. The liver and spleen were not enlarged. The examination of the organs of the alimentary tract failed to reveal any abnormal signs but the tongue was coated.

What title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Pathogenesis of the disease

*Laboratory analysis

*Patient’s complaints

*+Physical examination

*Admission to the hospital

#110

*!The blood analysis revealed leucocytosis in the range of 12,000 to 15,000 per cu mm of blood and an accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).

The urine contained a small amount of protein and erythrocytes. The X-ray examination of the lungs revealed numerous foci of inflammation of various size, irregular form and different intensity. Shadowing was particularly marked at the root of the left lung due to the enlargement of the lymphatic glands.

What title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*+Laboratory analyses

*Pathogenesis of the disease

*Patient’s complaints

*Physical examination

*Admission to the hospital

#111

*!Listening with a stethoscope will reveal abnormal sounds, and tapping on the patient’s back may instead yield a dull thump if the alveoli are filled with fluid and debris. Laboratory diagnosis can be made of some bacterial pneumonia by staining sputum with special chemicals and looking at it under a microscope. Identification of the specific type of bacteria may require culturing the sputum. X-ray examination of the chest may reveal certain abnormal changes associated with pneumonia.

What title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*+Medical procedures

*Pathogenesis of the disease

*Patient’s complaints

*Physical examination

*Admission to the hospital

#112

*!On the first day of the disease the patient with lobular pneumonia was administered a 2 gr dose of norsulphazol which was followed immediately by a 1 gr. dose every four hours. The patient had been received 1 gr. of this drug every six hours for 10 days when he began to feel better. In addition to norsulphazol the patient had been receiving streptomycin in doses of 500,000 units twice daily during a period of 8 days.

What title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*+Treatment of lobular pneumonia

*Pathogenesis of the disease

*Patient’s complaints

*Symptoms

*Admission to the hospital

#113

*!The patient with lobular pneumonia to improve sleep and the condition of his nervous system he had been taking bromide and luminal during the whole course of the disease until his discharge from the hospital. Cough and chest pain were relieved by the administration of codeine, cough mixture and cups.

What title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Pathogenesis of the disease

*Patient’s complaints

*Symptoms

*+Treatment of lobular pneumonia

*Admission to the hospital

#114

*!Prior to the discovery of penicillin antibiotics, bacterial pneumonia was fatal. Today antibiotics, given early in the course of the disease, are very effective against bacterial cause of pneumonia. Erythromycin and tetracycline improve recovery time for symptoms of mycoplasma pneumonia. A newer antibiotic named linezolid is being used to treat penicillin- resistant organisms that cause pneumonia. 

What title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Phytotherapy

*Surgical treatment

*+Antibiotics for the treatment

*Vitamins for the treatment

*Physiotherapy

#115

*!Many bacterial pneumonia occur in patients with lobular pneumonia who are first infected with the influenza virus(the flu), yearly vaccination against influenza can decrease the risk of pneumonia for certain patients. This is particularly true of the elderly and people with chronic diseases ( such as asthma ,diabetes, kidney diseases and etc.) A specific vaccine against Streptococcus pneumonia is very protective, and should also be administered to patients with chronic illnesses.

What title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*+Vaccination

*Streptococcus pneumonia 

*Treatment of lobular pneumonia

*Influenza virus 

*Risk factors