Лексический материал

Meeting People

1. Прочитайте и переведите следующие диалоги:

1. "Why, James! What a pleasant surprise!" "Howard! Nice to see you!"

2. "Why, Mr. Harrington! Never expected to meet you here!" "This is a small world."

3. "Let me introduce you to Mr. Walter." "How do you do?"

"How do you do?"

4. "Let me introduce Mr. Judson to you." "Pleased to meet you, Mr. Judson."

5. "It's a long time since I saw you last. How's everybody at home?"

"Fine, thank you. And how're things with you?"

"Not too good, I'm afraid."

"Why? What's the matter?"

6. "How are things with you?" "Not bad, thank you."

7. "Excuse me, I must be going. It's been nice seeing you." "Best regards to everybody at home."

8. "Are you leaving?"

"Yes, but I'm coming back."

"See you later then."

9. "It's been nice seeing you."

"Glad to have met you too. Hope to see you soon."

10. "I'm afraid I must be going." "See you tomorrow."

11. "Well, I must be going. Thanks for a nice party." "Thank you for coming."

12. "Thank you for a wonderful day. It's been a pleasure." "The pleasure was mine."

Тематический словарь

Hallo, Ann. How are you? – Привет, Энн. Как дела?

Meet my friends. – Познакомьтесь с моими друзьями.

Let me introduce you to... – Позвольте познакомить вас с ...

Let me introduce ... to you. – Позвольте представить вам...

(I'm) pleased to meet you. – Рад знакомству.

(It's) nice to meet you. – Приятно познакомиться.

We've met before. – Мы (уже) знакомы.

Nice to see you (again). – Рад вас видеть (снова).

How are things (with you)? – Как (у вас) дела?

How are you getting on with your book (picture, etc.)? – Как у вас продвигаются дела с книгой (картиной и т. п.)?

How's everybody at home? – Как поживает ваша семья?

I'm fine. (I'm doing fine.) – У меня дела идут прекрасно.

Not bad. – Неплохо.

Not too good. – Не очень хорошо.

I'm glad for you. – Рад за вас.

I don't see much of him (her, etc.). – Я его (ее и т. п.) редко вижу.

(Excuse me,) I must be going. – (Извините,) я должен идти.

See you later. – Еще увидимся.

See you soon. – До скорого!

Hope to see you soon. – Надеюсь, скоро увидимся.

Hope we meet again. – Надеюсь встретиться.

See you tomorrow (on Monday, at John's, etc.). – До завтра. (Увидимся в понедельник, у Джона и т. п.)

Thanks for a nice party (a wonderful evening, etc.). – Спасибо за прекрасный вечер.

Thank you for coming. – Спасибо (за то), что пришли.

Keep in touch. – Давайте о себе знать. (Не пропа­дайте. Звоните, заходите.)

2. Составьте диалог по теме “Meeting People”. Используйте следующий диалог в качестве модели:

- Hi, Ann. I haven’t seen you for ages. How are you?

- I’m fine, thanks. And what about you?

- I’m doing fine. I’ve got some good news. My brother is coming down from London.

- Oh, really?

- Yes, he’s coming on Saturday. All his friends are coming to see him and we’ll have a party. Would you like to come?

- I’d love to, thank you.

- Good. Then we’ll be waiting for you at five. Do you remember the address?

- I remember, don’t worry.

- Sorry, I must hurry. See you on Saturday.

- See you. And thanks for the invitation.

at the party

- Jane, let me introduce my brother George to you.

- I’m pleased to meet you

- It’s nice to meet you.

at the end of the party

- Excuse me, I must be going. Thank you for a nice party.

- Thank you for coming. Keep in touch.

3. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

popular; ideas; monotonous; topics; listener; general subjects; whisper.

When in company, don't keep looking at the watch as if you were impatient for the time to pass.

When in company, don't open a book or a newspaper and begin reading to yourself. If you are tired of the company, withdraw, if not, honour it with your attention. No matter how 1_____ conversation or how dull the company, yawning is never permissible.

To 2_____ in company is bad manners. If what you wish to say cannot be said aloud, reserve it for a suitable occasion.

Talking with others, unless they are your close friends, keep to 3_____ and avoid arguing. Two subjects are considered to be taboo in any form of polite social conversation, and these are religion and politics. In these fields everyone has their own very definite 4_____, and it is very unlikely that they will be changed during the course of a short conversation. Everyone has a right to his own personal opinion, but he shouldn't try to force it on others. The best 5_____ for a light social conversation are art, sports and the hobby of the person you are speaking with.

Talking about your troubles and diseases in company is bad taste.

Don't talk overloudly or try to monopolise conversation.

To be pleasant company be a good 6_____. Don't be indifferent or impatient when others are speaking. Don't talk about yourself or your affairs. If you wish to be 7_____, talk to people about what interests them, not about what interests you.

Appearance and Character

1. Прочитайте и переведите следующие описания людей (текст А):

'Mr Kemp taught us history last year. He's got a moustache and short, curly hair. He's quite short and well-built. He's probably in his mid thirties. He really loves his subject and he knows a lot about history. He's also interested in climbing. He went up some of the mountains in the Tatras one year, he told us. He was a very hard working teacher. He gave us lots of essays and always marked them quickly. He was never moody - always the same, always smiling. He was also very patient with us. If anybody didn't understand something he explained it again in a different way. He did everything he could to be helpful.'

'Don't you know, Mary? She's got shoulder-length straight blond hair. She's quite tall and slim. She's got blue eyes. She's in her early twenties. Her brother, Tony, is a good friend of mine. Both of them like outdoor sports like skiing and hiking. She's a very outgoing, sociable sort of person who seems to know hundreds of people. She's very cheerful - you know, the sort of person who is always laughing. But she can be a bit disorganised. She once lost everybody's cinema tickets and we all had to pay again!'

Тематический словарь

a moustache – усы curly hair – вьющиеся волосы well-built – статный, хорошо сложенный moody – легко поддающийся переменам настроения helpful – готовый помочь

straight hair – прямые волосы slim – стройный outgoing – дружелюбный sociable – общительный cheerful – веселый, неунывающий disorganized - неорганизованный

2. Составьте описание собственной персоны или известных Вам людей. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

Age

young, middle-aged (средних лет), elderly (пожилой, преклонного возраста), old, in his/her 30’s, in his/her late teens, in his/her mid-20’s, in his/her early 40’s.

Build (телосложение)

fat, thin (худой), slim, plump (полный), medium-built (среднего телосложения), broad-shouldered (широкоплечий), overweight (грузный, с излишним весом).

Height (рост)

1.70 m, medium height (среднего роста), below average (ниже среднего роста), tall, short.

Hair colour

black, brown (каштановые), red (рыжие) , fair (светлые), blonde, grey (седые), white (белокурые), dyed (окрашенные), a brunette, a blonde, a redhead.

Hairstyle

long, short, straight (прямые), wavy (волнистые), curly (вьющиеся), plaits (косы), a fringe (челка), swept back in a bun (уложены в пучок), pony-tail (конский хвост), bald (лысый), balding (лысеющий).

Face

thin, long, round, oval, square, heart-shaped, high cheekbones (широкие скулы), high forehead (высокий лоб), thin lips, full lips, long nose, straight nose, turned-up nose (курносый), a cleft chin (ямочка на подбородке), a pointed chin, double chin.

Eyes

blue, grey, brown, long/thick/bushy eyelashes (длинные/густые/пушистые ресницы), thin eyebrows (тонкие брови).

Complexion (цвет лица)

pale (бледный), sunburned/tanned (загорелый), fair-skinned (белая кожа).

Distinguishing features (особые приметы)

beard (борода), moustache (усы), unshaven (небритый), clean-shaven (чисто выбритый), a scar (шрам), a beauty-spot (родинка), a mole (родинка, родимое пятно), freckles (веснушки), dimples (ямочки), with glasses, (well) made-up (с большим количеством косметики).

Personality

Positive

adventurous – ищущий приключений ambitious careful – осмотрительный considerate – тактичный co-operative creative – творческий decisive – решительный easy-going – добродушный hard-working - трудолюбивый helpful imaginative – одаренный богатым воображением independent – самостоятельный inventive – находчивый

kind – добрый liberal – свободомыслящий likeable – привлекательный outgoing – дружелюбный polite – вежливый practical – практичный realistic reasonable – рассудительный relaxed – уравновешенный reliable – надежный sensible – благоразумный sensitive – впечатлительный sociable –общительный sympathetic – выражающий сочувствие

Negative

boring – скучный careless – небрежный childish – инфантильный cold – равнодушный impatient – нетерпеливый insensitive – неотзывчивый intolerant – нетерпимый

moody nasty – скверный reckless – безрассудный selfish –эгоистичный suspicious - недоверчивый unreliable – ненадежный vain - тщеславный

3. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

community; opinion; from abroad; in common; identity; Europe; races.

Presenter: Good evening and welcome to tonight's phone-in programme. Our subject tonight is the 1_____ of Britain and the British. For many countries, identity is not a problem but Britain is more complicated. Great Britain is made up of three nations - England, Scotland and Wales. The United Kingdom is made up of Great Britain plus Northern Ireland.

So, at the start of the twenty-first century, who exactly are we? Are we Europeans? Are we British? Or are we just a collection of English, Scots and Welsh?

And what kind of people are the British? In a recent poll, British people were asked to describe themselves: eighty-five percent said we were great animal lovers; eighty percent described us as tolerant; seventy-seven percent said the British were class-conscious; seventy-three percent thought the British were suspicious of foreigners; finally, seventy-one percent agreed that the British were reserved people.

You can phone us on 0207 444 333 222 and give your 2_____ about Britain's identity. OK, let's start with our first caller. Hello, Claire. You're from Liverpool. How would you describe Britain and the British?

Caller 1: Well, you know, I think a lot of people 3_____ see Britain as very conservative and sort of old-fashioned. I don't agree with that. I think Britain today is a very multicultural place and it's very innovative, especially when you think about music and the arts and that sort of thing.

Presenter: How would you describe yourself, Claire? English, British, European?

Caller 1: Right. I'm from Liverpool and that's very important to me. Then I'm definitely English - I think we are different from the Welsh and the Scots. I feel European, too - you know I feel part of 4_____.

Presenter: Thanks very much, Claire. We have John Andrews on the line. How would you describe Britain, John?

Caller 2: In my opinion, Britain is a historic country - we have a long history and we should all be proud of it.

Presenter: And how would you describe yourself, John? British, English ... ?

Caller 2: Well, I'm from England, but I feel British of course. And I don't feel at all European - I'm one hundred percent British and personally, I think we've more 5_____ with people like the Americans and Australians.

Presenter: Thanks very much, John. And now Deshini Mohammed from London. What would your description of Britain be?

Caller 3: I think the first word I'd choose would be multicultural. Britain now has so many people from different 6_____, religions. I think a lot of British people are now tolerant of other races but unfortunately there's still an intolerant minority and that's a real problem.

Presenter: And how would you describe yourself, Deshini? I mean, where are you from?

Caller 3: OK, well ... my parents were born in Pakistan but I was born here and I suppose I feel British but I also feel a member of the Pakistani 7_____ too.

Presenter: Thanks a lot, Deshini. Now our last caller. Fergus McKay from Glasgow. Fergus, how would you describe Britain?

Caller 4: Right ... mmm ... I think Britain's very conservative.

Presenter: So do you feel British?

Caller 4: No, I don't. I don't feel British at all. I feel Scottish and I'm a Scots nationalist.

Presenter: What about Europe? Do you feel European?

Caller 4: Yeah. I suppose I do. I think Europeans have a lot of things in common.

My Family

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

Let me introduce myself, I am ... years old. I was born on ... 19 ... I live in ... I have just passed my exams at school. We had a great farewell party at the end of June. I am a first-year student at the faculty of law (I am a first-year student of economic department/psychological department). My favourite subjects at school were ... I am always busy, but when I'm free I'm fond of reading or playing computer games. Some­times I listen to music or go to the concerts with my best friends.

I have many friends. They are true friends and we like to spend our time together. We walk about the town, talk, dance and do all things which are interesting for young people.

I live with my family. It isn't large, my mother, my father and I. My father is a business­man. He is a manager of a small firm. He is a very serious man and he is always busy. Sometimes he works even at weekends. He is very ambitious and has strong will. He is only 42 and I'm sure, he has a wonderful future. My mother is 40, but she looks much younger. To my mind she is very beautiful. She is an economist and works in one of commercial banks. She works 5 days a week and is off on Satur­days and Sundays. By character my mother is very energetic and talkative. She always has a lot of things to do about the house. My parents have been married for about 20 years. They have much in common: they watch the same films, read the same books and news­papers, but they have different views on education and music. They are hard-working people. So I try to help mother with housework. I always wash dishes, I sometimes go shopping and from time to time I tidy our flat.

All of us like to spend our week-ends in the country. We usually go to the country house to see my grandparents. They are pension­ers. I like them very much because they always try to listen to my opinion, though they don't always agree with what I say. We are deeply attached to each other and we get on very well. I also have many other relatives: uncles, aunts, cousins. We are happy when we are together.

In the evenings when we all get together after work and study, we like to talk about different things or watch TV. We are really good and happy family because we respect each other.

Тематический словарь

a farewell party – выпускной

strong will – сильная воля

to have much in common – иметь много общего

to have different views on … – по-разному смотреть на …

an opinion – мнение

to be attached to each other – испытывать чувство привязанности друг к другу

to respect – уважать

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

позвольте представиться; любимые предметы; настоящие друзья; время от времени; проводить выходные за городом; хотя; быть в хороших отношениях.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по теме “My Family”:

1. How old are you?

2. Are you married?

3. Have you got a family of your own?

4. Do you live together with your parents?

5. Is your family large or small?

6. What are your parents?

7. Are you the only child in the family?

8. Is your sister (brother) older or younger than you?

9. What is your sister's (brother's) occupation?

10. Do you help your mother to keep the house?

11. Have you got grandparents?

12. Where do they live?

13. Have you got any other close relatives?

14. Do you often see them?

15. What do you usually do in the evenings?

16. Do you spend your week-ends together with your parents?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

pocket money; customers; reason; crowded.

'Give or take a few years, I was born around the turn of the century. I won't say which century. Everyone can have one guess. We lived in a 1_____ flat in New York. In addition to the five brothers - Chico, Harpo, Groucho, Gummo and Zeppo - there were my father and mother, my mother's father and mother and an adopted sister.

Lots of poor relations visited our house day and night. All our visitors always came to see my mother. She advised them about their love lives, where to find jobs and how to stay out of trouble. She was amazing. She had more friends than anyone else I've known.

My father was a tailor. He was probably the worst tailor in our part of New York. He thought he could measure a man by just looking at him, so he didn't use a tape measure. You could easily recognise his 2_____. They all walked around with one trouser leg or sleeve shorter than the other.

We were poor and my 3 _____ was only a nickel (five cents) a week. When I was young I used to buy sweets the size of golf balls which took hours to disappear in my mouth.

Love hit me when I was twelve. A young girl, Lucy, lived in the flat above ours. She was pretty with lovely brown hair and perfect teeth. For weeks, I saved enough money to take her to a variety show. When we arrived, Lucy asked for some candy and I had to buy some. During the performance, Lucy ate all the candy.

On the way out, I realised I only had enough money for one ticket back home. Today I feel terrible about this, but remember I was only twelve, it was very cold and Lucy had eaten all the candy. I said, "I'm going to toss this coin. If it's heads, you get to ride home. If it's tails, I ride home." It was tails.

For some curious 4_____, Lucy never spoke to me again.'

5. Расскажите о своей семье. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

parents grandfather/mother brother sister son daughter husband wife relatives – родственники aunt – тетя uncle – дядя cousin niece – племянница nephew – племянник father-in-law – свекор, тесть mother-in-law – свекровь, теща in-laws – родня состороны мужа или жены widow – вдова widower – вдовец adult – взрослый to bring up – воспитывать well-brought up – хорошо воспитанный to look after – заботиться о ком-то

to get along well – быть в хороших отношениях to respect –уважать to quarrel – ссориться to marry at the age of – выйти замуж в возрасте single – холостяк, незамужняя I am …years old. I was born on…19.. to pass exams at school to have a farewell party to have a lot of free time to enter the Institute to study hard favourite subjects to be fond of – увлекаться чем-либо to finish school to be busy to work at weekends to have much in common to have different views on to spend weekends in the country to agree with

My working Day

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

On week-days the alarm-clock wakes me up at 6.30 and my working day begins. I am not an early riser, that is why it is very difficult for me to get out of bed, especially in winter. I switch on my music-centre and do my morning exercises. Then I go to the bathroom and take a warm shower. After that I cook breakfast. While having breakfast I listen to the latest news on the radio or watch TV.

I leave the house at 8 o’clock and go to the nearest bus stop. I live far from the Institute. It takes me about 45 minutes to get there. We have three or four double-periods every day.

At 12.10 we have lunch. We usually have lunch in a small café in the Institute. During the working day we also have several short coffee breaks.

I often go to the library to get ready for the seminars. Some of my fellow-students work part-time. But I don’t.

At 8 o’clock I have dinner with my family. I like our evenings very much because we have an opportunity to discuss our plans. I can say that I practically have no free time on my week-days. So by the end of the week I get very tired.

And still I always look forward to my next working day because I like my studies. I think I get a lot of useful experience.

Тематический словарь

alarm-clock – будильник to wake somebody up – будить to be an early riser – рано вставать especially – особенно to switch on – включать to do morning exercises – делать утреннюю зарядку it takes me – мне необходимо

opportunity – возможность to discuss one’s plans – обсуждать свои планы by the end of the week – к концу недели to get tired – уставать to look forward to – с нетерпением ждать useful - полезный to get experience – получить опыт

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

поэтому; ближайшая автобусная остановка; несколько; сокурсники; работать неполный рабочий день; в будние дни.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по теме “My working Day”:

1. When does your working day begin?

2. Is it easy for you to get up early?

3. Do you wake you yourself or does an alarm-clock wake you up?

4. Do you do morning exercises?

5. Which do you prefer: a hot or cold shower in the morning?

6. How long does it take you to get dressed?

7. Who makes breakfast for you?

8. Some people look through newspapers or watch TV while having breakfast. What about you?

9. What time do you leave for the Institute?

10. What do you usually do on your way to the Institute?

11. When do the lectures begin?

12. Where do you usually have lunch (dinner)?

13. Do you have a nap (вздремнуть) in the afternoon?

14. How often do you go to the library to get ready for the seminars?

15. How do you spend your evenings?

16. What time do you go to bed?

17. Do you get tired by the end of the week?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

unexpected; adventure; depends on; best-dressed; healthy; strength.

What time I get up 1_____ what I've been doing the night before. I usually have a bowl of cereal with cold milk - the noise it makes helps wake me up. When I'm not working, I spend a lot of time at health clubs, gyms and dance studios. There are five or six I go to regularly; each one provides different facilities, like weights and stamina training. I also enjoy running or playing football in one of the big London parks.

You need 2 _____ and stamina to be an actor. A few years ago I played Heathcliff in a stage version of Wuthering Heights. I was on stage for four hours every night, and I found that the fitter I felt physically, the better my performance was.

I was at drama school with Daniel Day Lewis – we still go running together, sometimes – and he believes, like I do, that a lean body means a 3_____ mind. Otherwise, how would he have given such a brilliant performance in My Left Foot?

I go to the theatre and the cinema about three times a week. I'm into musicals, and I train with a voice coach. I’d love to do more musical theatre. I did a Noel Coward concert last year, so I spent weeks beforehand listening to his music on tapes.

When we were making the first television series of Bread four years ago, the producer warned us that we would probably all become famous, so it wasn't 4_____. Now it's just part of my life. It's only boring when you're really tired and you've had a late night. I don't like people being rude, but I'm happy to sign autographs if they ask me nicely. My grandfather deals with my fan mail because I haven’t got the time to do it all. I send it all to him in Manchester, where I come from, and then I go up every other weekend just to go through it with him.

I usually buy two newspapers, one tabloid and a quality paper. I like reading the sports pages and travel articles. My bedtime reading is normally a book by Laurens van der Post. I tend to read about three pages, then I fall asleep.

If I'm really busy, with a photo session and a rehearsal and a recording all in the same day, the hardest thing is making sure I've got a shirt ironed. When you're a busy bachelor, you haven't always got time to have things washed and ironed, so you end up having six pairs of everything. I do take pride in what I wear, but I was really surprised to be listed among the ten 5_____ men in the country, recently. It's amazing to think there are people out there who care so much about what you wear. I like Continental clothes, American sports clothes and the traditional English blazer look.

Food's a chore, I'm afraid. I don't live to eat: I eat to live. I can just make myself a plate of pasta but if I'm seeing friends, we eat out. I'm so busy now I don't have time for holidays, and I've never been one for lying on the beach. But I like 6_____ and I enjoy taking off for Africa and Australia with only a backpack.

At the moment I've got everything and, unlike Adrian in Bread, I'm having the most wonderful time anybody could wish for.

5. Прочитайте и переведите диалог. Расспросите своего друга о его рабочем дне.

- Hi, John! How are you?

- Fine, thanks. It’s been a long time.

- Yes, nearly four years now.

- So, tell me about yourself.

- Well, I work in a language school in Cairo.

- Oh, really? What are you doing here in London?

- I am having a holiday.

- Oh, I see. And what do you think of Cairo?

- I like it very much. It’s a very exciting place.

- And what about your job?

- Well, I generally get up about 8.30 and plan some lessons. Fortunately, with time, it is getting easier and easier to plan lessons – in the beginning it took me ages! I usually teach from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. and later again from 6.30 to 9.30 p.m. and we often go into town in one big group, to a disco or something.

- When are you going back to Cairo?

- Next week, on Friday. The plan leaves early, about 7.00 a.m. And what about you? What are you doing?

6. Расскажите о собственном рабочем дне. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

week-days to wake up to get up to do morning exercises to make once bed to take a shower to dress oneself to have breakfast to look through the newspaper to listen to the news

to take a bus to go to the Institute it takes me … minutes to be on time for classes to be late to leave for the Institute a double-period to have a break canteen to make a telephone call

to do homework to prepare for a seminar to go to the library to write a report to be in a hurry to work part-time to be tired by the end of the week to look forward to to go to bed

My Day-off

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

Most people in our country work five days a week but some of them work six days. They have only one day off. It is Sunday. There is a nice English proverb – “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” I agree with it. Everybody must have some sort of break.

I like Sunday very much. You needn’t hurry anywhere and you may go wherever you like after your week’s work. On this day I wake up later than usual. Sometimes I don’t get up till nine or ten o’clock. I don’t like to do morning exercises, especially in winter, so I don’t do them. I have breakfast in bed and read magazines.

Unfortunately I can’t take a holiday from housework on Sunday. I clean my flat and go shopping. Two or three hours and I am free.

I am not a stay-at-home. If the weather is nice, we go to the country to have a picnic. A Sunday ride or hike out into the countryside has become almost traditional.

I am fond of sport. Most people suffer from a lot of stress nowadays. Doing sport helps to relax. Sport has become a very popular activity in our family. In winter we go to the skating-rink. Skating is my favourite kind of sport.

When the weather is bad we go to the cinema. I am not much of a theatre person, I am afraid. The last time I went to the theatre was two years ago. I also like to spend my day off with my friends. We often receive guests. I am also keen on surprise parties.

In the evenings all the members of our family get together. We have supper, make plans for tomorrow and watch TV. I like the main news at nine o’clock. I rarely watch soap operas or documentaries. I prefer to read books – science fiction or detective stories. Reading is my hobby. I enjoy my day off very much because it differs greatly from the others.

Тематический словарь

day off – выходной to agree with – соглашаться you needn’t hurry – вам не надо спешить unfortunately – к сожалению to take a holiday from – отдохнуть от stay-at-home – домосед to go to the country – поехать за город a ride or hike – поездка или путешествие пешком to suffer from a lot of stress – испытывать стресс

a theatre person – театрал to receive guests – принимать гостей to be keen on – увлекаться чем-либо to get together – собираться rarely – редко soap operas – мыльные оперы documentaries – документальные фильмы to prefer – предпочитать science fiction – научная фантастика to differ from – отличаться

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

английская пословица; в этот день; позднее, чем обычно; особенно зимой; увлекаться; в настоящее время; популярный вид деятельности; любимый вид спорта; два года назад; составлять планы.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по теме “My day off”:

1. Which day of the week do you like best and why?

2. What time do you get up on Sunday?

3. What do you do in the morning?

4. Can you take a holiday from housework on Sunday?

5. How do you spend your day off?

6. Are you a stay-at-home?

7. Do you often go to the country on your day off?

8. Are you fond of sport?

9. Do you often receive guests?

10. Do you go to the library to get ready for seminars?

11. How do you usually spend the evenings on your day off?

12. How do you plan to spend your next Sunday?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

in the country; early; late; cook the meal; relax; the opera.

On Fridays I come home from the BBC at about 2 in the afternoon and I just 1___. On Friday evenings I don’t go out, but sometimes a friend comes for dinner. He or she brings the wine and I 2___. I love cooking! We listen to music or just chat.

On Sunday mornings I get up at 9 a.m. and I go shopping. Then in the evenings I sometimes go to the theater or 3___ with a friend – I love opera! Then we eat in my favourite Chinese restaurant.

On Sunday … Oh, on Sunday mornings I stay in bed 4___, I don’t get up until 11.00! Sometimes in the afternoon I visit my sister. She lives 5___ and has two children. I like playing with my niece and nephew, but I leave 6___ because I go to bed at 8.00 on Sunday evening!

5. Прочитайте и переведите диалог:

- What did you do last weekend?

- I went to a pop concert (to the cinema, to see my friends, to the club, went training). / I watched TV. / I stayed at home.

- Did you enjoy it? / Did you have a nice time?

- Yes, It was great. / No, I didn’t. It was boring.

6. Расспросите своего друга о том, как он провел выходные. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

to like best needn’t hurry anywhere to be a stay-at-home to prefer to go out to go to the country to go in for sport favourite kind of sport to go jogging, swimming, dancing to go to the gym

to go for a walk to go to a movie to be a theatre person to be keen on to be a TV addict to receive guests to come to somebody’s place to go to the library to get ready for the seminars

My flat

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

We live in a new 16-storeyed block of flats in Strogino. It is situated in a very picturesque place not far from the Moskva River. There's a big supermarket on the ground floor and it's very convenient to do everyday shopping.

Our flat is on the fifth floor. It's very comfortable and well-planned. We have all modern conveniences, such as central heating, electricity, gas, cold and hot running water and a telephone. There are three rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a hall in our flat. There's also a balcony and we can enjoy a lovely view of the river.

The largest room in our flat is the living room and we use it as a dining room and as a sitting room. In the middle of the room there is a big table and six chairs round it. Op­posite the window there is a wall unit with lots of books, a TV-set and a video cassette re­corder. There are two comfortable armchairs and a small coffee table in the right-hand corner. There is also a sofa and an electric fire in our living room. We like the living room best of all, because in the evenings we gather there to have tea, watch TV, talk and rest.

My room is the smallest room in our flat, but it is very cozy and light. There is a bed, a wardrobe, a desk, an armchair and several bookshelves in my room. There is a thick carpet on the floor. The walls in my room are light-brown and there are some big posters on them. I like my room very much, but from time to time I change it round. I quite of­ten move the bed and change the posters on the wall.

Our kitchen is large and light. It is very well-equipped. We have got a refrigerator, a freezer, a microwave oven, a coffeemaker and a toaster. We haven't got a dishwasher yet, because it is very expensive. But I'm sure we shall buy it in the near future.

Тематический словарь

16-storeyed – 16-этажный block of flats – многоквартирный дом to be situated – быть расположенным picturesque – живописный ground floor – первый этаж convenient – удобный, подходящий comfortable – удобный, комфортный well-planned — хорошо спланированный modern conveniences – современные удобства central heating – центральное отопление living room – жилая комната dining room – столовая

wall unit – стенка armchair – кресло right-hand corner – левый угол coffee table – журнальный столик cozy – уютный wardrobe – платяной шкаф bookshelf – книжная полка carpet – ковер to change room – менять местами well-equipped – хорошо оборудованный refrigerator – холодильник freezer – морозильная камера dishwasher – посудомоечная машина

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

недалеко от; делать покупки; на пятом этаже; водопровод; наслаждаться живописным видом; в центре комнаты; напротив окна; собираться вместе; светлый; время от времени; передвигать; в ближайшем будущем.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по теме “My Flat”:

1. Do you live in a house or in a block of flats?

2. Which floor is your flat on?

3. Is your flat well-planned? Is it comfortable?

4. How many rooms are there in your flat?

5. Have you got a dining room (a sitting room, a study)?

6. Where do you usually have your meals?

7. Is there much furniture in your flat? Do you change it round from time to time?

8. What is there in your room?

9. Are there any pictures on the walls of your flat?

10. What colour are the walls in your room?

11. What is your kitchen like?

12. How often do you redecorate the rooms?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова (текст Б):

tasteless; window; eat; relaxing; paintings; village; armchair.

My sister’s house is on the edge of the 1___. It is quite old and has got three spacious bedrooms, all with such lovely views of the countryside that it is a really 2___ place to be. There is also an enormous kitchen, big enough to 3___ in, with an old-fashioned stove. She spends a lot of time there when she is not working. The living room is so huge, with wooden floors and an open fireplace. The walls are covered with oil 4___.

She works in another fair-sized room which she calls her “office”. It has got a very relaxed atmosphere and has a marvelous view of the fields and hills. She works at a massive desk near the 5___ so that she has lots of light. Her desk is so untidy that she often can’t find her computer mouse! It’s a cozy room, and you can often find my sister listening to music here, sitting in her favourite comfortable 6___. She is not keen on the red and green wallpaper, though, which is rather strong! She says it’s completely 7___, and wants to change it.

5. Прочитайте и переведите следующие диалоги:

Диалог № 1

- I’d like to rent a flat.

- This is a nice flan. Here’s a plan …

- Mmm …

- There’s a living room. There’s a kitchen, a bedroom, a bathroom, and there’s a toilet.

- Is there a balcony?

- No, there isn’t.

- … and a telephone?

- No there isn’t a telephone.

* * *

- Well here is the kitchen.

- Hmm .. it’s very small.

- Yes, it isn’t very large, but there’s a cooker and a fridge. There are some cupboards under the sink.

- Are there any chairs in here?

- No, there aren’t, but there are some in the living-room.

- OK. I like this flat.

Диалог № 2

- Hello!

- Hi!

- I am glad to see you. How are you?

- Fine. My family moved to a new flat last Saturday.

- Congratulations! How many rooms are there in your new flat?

- We have a three-room apartment. Our flat is very comfortable, but there isn’t a telephone.

- Have you bought any new furniture for your flat?

- Yes, we have. We have bought a sofa and two armchairs for the living room and some new furniture for the kitchen. By the way, I am going to give a house-warming party on Sunday. Would you like to come?

- I’d love to.

- Here’s my address. See you soon!

6. Составьте диалог по теме “My Flat”. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

five-storeyd block of flats in the suburbs in the centre of the city entrance balcony floor ceiling modern conveniences convenient bedroom living (sitting) room study kitchen furniture kitchen appliances desk sofa armchair

wall unit bookshelf carpet curtain picture wardrobe cupboard fridge stove/oven a washing machine a dishwasher a mirror cozy spacious of modern design well-planned to move to to keep clean/in order

Seasons and Weather

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Every season is beautiful in its own way.

When spring comes nature awakens from its long winter sleep. The days become longer and the nights become shorter. The ground is covered with emerald-green grass and the first flowers. The air is fresh, the sky is blue and cloudless, and the sun shines brightly. The trees are in full blossom. The nightingale begins to sing its lovely songs, and sweet melodies may be heard from every wood and park. The days are warm and every­thing is full of life and joy.

Spring is followed by summer. The weather is usually fine in summer, but it can be very hot, especially in July. Sometimes there are storms with thunder and lightning. In summer people try to get away from the city noise and spend more time in the open air. They pick mushrooms and berries in the forest, swim in the rivers and lakes, go fishing and boating. Most people prefer to have their holidays in summer.

Autumn begins in September. The days become shorter and the nights become longer. The leaves turn yellow, red and brown and fall to the ground. Most birds fly away to warm countries. There is a short spell of dry sunny weather in September which is called Indian Summer. It is a beautiful time when the sky is cloudless, the trees around are golden, the air is transparent and it is still warm. But gradually it gets colder and colder. It often rains in October and November which makes autumn an unpleasant season.

In winter the sun sets early and rises late. The rivers and lakes are frozen over. Every­thing is covered with snow. Sometimes it is very cold, about 25-30 degrees below zero. Going out in such weather isn't very pleasant. Winter is a good time for sports. People go in for skating and skiing. Tobogganing is also popular, not as a kind of sports, but rather as fun.

As for me, I like all the seasons, but I think there is nothing like late spring.

Тематический словарь

nature — природа to awaken — пробуждатъ(ся) ground — земля to cover — покрывать emerald-green — изумрудно-зеленый fresh — свежий to be in blossom — быть в цвету nightingale — соловей lovely — красивый, прекрасный sweet — зд. приятный joy — радость

thunder — гром lightning — молния to pick mushrooms and berries — собирать грибы и ягоды to go fishing — заниматься рыбной ловлей to go boating — кататься на лодке to prefer — предпочитать to freeze (froze, frozen) — замерзать tobogganing — катание на санках there is nothing like — нет ничего лучше

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

безоблачный; светит ярко; полно жизни; уехать от городского шума; проводить больше времени на свежем воздухе; улетать в теплые края; короткий период; прозрачный; солнце садится (встает); ниже нуля; заниматься (видом спорта).

3.Ответьте на следующие вопросы по теме “Seasons and Weather”:

1. How many seasons are there in a year?

2. When does nature awaken from her long winter sleep?

3. Why do we like spring so much?

4. Why do people try to spend more time in the open air in summer?

5. Is summer the best season for tourism?

6. Where did you go last summer?

7. Do you like Indian summer? Why?

8. Do you like late autumn?

9. What do you usually do on a nasty rainy day?

10. What is the weather like in winter?

11. Do you go in for skating or skiing?

12. Were you fond of playing snowballs and making snowmen when you were a child?

13. Most people prefer summer to any other season of the year. What about you?

14. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each season?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

to go abroad; spring; variants; worst; topic; changeable; weather.

The weather in England is very 1___. A fine morning can change into a wet af­ternoon and evening. And a nasty morning can change to a fine afternoon. That is why it is natural for the English to use the comparison "as changeable as the weather" of a person who often changes his mood or opinion about something. "Other countries have a climate; in England we have weather." This statement is often made by the English to describe the meteorological conditions of their country.

The English also say that they have three 2___ of weather: when it rains in the morning, when it rains in the afternoon or when it rains all day long.

The weather is the favourite conversational 3___ in England. When two Englishmen meet, their first words will be "How are you?" And after the reply "Very well, thank you; how are you?" the next remark is almost certain to be about the weather. When they go abroad the English often surprise people of other nationalities by this tendency to talk about the 4___, a topic of conversation that other people do not find so interesting.

The best time of the year in England is 5___ (of course, it rains in spring too).

The two 6___ months in Britain are January and February. They are cold, damp and unpleasant. The best place in the world then is at home by the big fire.

Summer months are rather cold and there can be a lot of rainy days. So most people who look forward to summer holidays, plan 7___ for the summer, to France or somewhere on the Continent.

5. Прочитайте и переведите следующие диалоги:

Диалог № 1

- It's a lovely day. What shall we do?

- Let's play tennis!

- Oh, no! It's too hot to play tennis.

- Well, let's go to the beach.

- OK. I'll get my swimming costume.

Диалог № 2

- It's raining again! What shall we do?

- Let's stay at home and watch a video.

- Oh no! We watched a video last night.

- Well, let's go to the cinema.

- OK. What's on at the Odeon cinema?

Диалог № 3

- Are you going to drive to the country today?

- Yes. And why do you ask?

- Well, forecasts warn of thick fog and poor visibility. Be careful!

- I hope it will clear up.

Диалог № 4

- Have you heard the weather forecast for tomorrow?

- Yes, they say the weather will be nasty. It will rain all day long.

- How long will such weather last?

- For about two days.

6. Составьте диалог по теме “The Weather”. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

What’s the weather like? It’s warm (hot, sunny, clear, dry). It’s cold (cloudy, wet, damp, windy). The weather is fine (nasty). It’s getting chilly (frosty). It’s drizzling (raining heavily). It looks like rain. What’s the forecast (for tomorrow)? We may have severe frosts (heavy rains, showers, thunder-storms)

Forecasts warn of thick fog, poor visibility Strong gale is expected. to melt, to freeze average temperature The weather is improving. The wind is getting stronger. It thunders. It lightens. Will it clear up do you think?

Climate and Weather in Murmansk Region

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

For two hundred days a year Murmansk is covered with snow, although in the south of the region the winter is slightly shorter.

The ice masses of the North Pole and the warmth of the Gulf Stream influence the weather. Professional meteorologists classify the climate of the Murmansk coast as moderate Atlantic-Arctic with mild winters and cool summers. On the other hand, the more southerly town of Kandalaksha has a continental climate, which differs from that in Murmansk.

The Polar Night officially begins on November 29^th and lasts until January 15^th. The hours of darkness last longer and longer until the longest night, which is on December 22^nd. During this period you may see the unusual natural phenomenon of the Northern Lights. January and February are usually very cold. There are blizzards as well as gale force winds with average speeds of up to 15 metres per second. Hurricanes are also not uncommon and then the wind speed can reach more than 40 metres per second.

In Murmansk, Kola and Severomorsk severe frosts are accompanied by fog, which rises from relatively warm ice-free waters of the Gulf of Kola.

The sun only begins to shine on the Kola Peninsula in the middle of January. March is the brightest and sunniest month of the year. The skiing season begins and in April skiers can even get a sun-tan, but the real spring comes to Murmansk only in the end of April or the beginning of May. The official beginning of the Polar Day is May 22^nd, when the sun doesn’t set at all. The White Nights last until July 22^nd.

Summer beyond the Arctic Circle is short. July is the warmest month, when the average temperature is 10 C (degrees above zero). Sometimes it can get to as hot as 30 C (degrees above zero). In the southern parts of the region hot weather is more common and every single year it is warm enough for people to swim. In the summer towns become deserted and most Northerners do their best to spend their holidays in the south of Russia.

August often marks the beginning of autumn. The weather turns drizzly. Autumn lasts until October. Gloomy days can sometimes be interrupted by a spell of lovely weather, an Indian summer or Babiye Lyeto, as it is known in Russia. The weather in October is cold and miserable before the first unwelcome snow starts to fall. From this time the sun hardly ever shines.

On the territory around the Gulf of Kola the average temperature in winter is -10 C (ten degrees below zero), although this figure can drop to -30 C. Winds make the frost unbearable. In the continental part of the peninsula winter temperatures are lower but they are easier to endure as the wind is not as damp as on the coast.

Тематический словарь

to influence the weather – влиять на погоду on the other hand – с другой стороны natural phenomenon – природное явление the Northern Lights – северное сияние blizzard – метель average – средний per second – в секунду hurricane – ураган severe frosts – сильные морозы

the Kola Peninsula – Кольский полуостров to get a sun-tan – загореть beyond the Arctic Circle – за Северным полярным кругом spell of lovely weather – период хорошей погоды miserable – отвратительный unbearable – невыносимый to endure – терпеть

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

на юге региона; мягкие зимы; континентальный климат; в течение этого периода; скорость ветра; сопровождаются; средняя температура; достаточно тепло, чтобы; на континентальной части полуострова; терпеть.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. What influences the weather in Murmansk region?

2. How do professional meteorologists classify the climate of the Murmansk coast?

3. When does the Polar Night begin?

4. What natural phenomenon can you see during the Polar Night?

5. What is the brightest month of the year?

6. When does the skiing season begin?

7. How long do the White Nights last?

8. How can you characterize summer beyond the Arctic Circle?

9. What makes the frost unbearable?

10. Why is it easier to endure the low temperatures in the continental part of the peninsula?

London

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and commercial centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe. Its population is about 8 million.

London is one of the oldest and most interesting cities in the world.

Traditionally it is divided into several parts: the City, Westminster, the West End and the East End. They are very different from each other and seem to belong to different towns and epochs.

The heart of London is the City, its financial and business centre. Numerous banks, offices and firms are situated there, including the Bank of England, the Stock Exchange and the Old Bailey. Few people live here, but over a million people come to the City to work. There are some famous ancient buildings within the City. Perhaps the most striking of them is St Paul's Cathedral, the greatest of English churches. It was built in the 17th century by Sir Christopher Wren. The Tower of London was founded by Julius Caesar and in 1066 rebuilt by William the Conqueror. It was used as a fortress, a royal palace and a prison. Now it is a museum.

Westminster is the historic, the governmental part of London.

Westminster Abbey has more historic associations than any other building in Britain. Nearly all English kings and queens have been crowned here. Many outstanding states­men, scientists, writers, poets and painters are buried here: Newton, Darwin, Chaucer, Dickens, Tennyson, Kipling, etc.

Across the road from Westminster Abbey is Westminster Palace, or the Houses of Parliament, the seat of the British Parliament. The Clock Tower of the Houses of Par­liament is famous for its big hour bell, known as "Big Ben".

Buckingham Palace is the official residence of the Queen.

The West End is the richest and most beautiful part of London. It is the symbol of wealth and luxury. The best hotels, shops, restaurants, clubs, and theatres are situated there. There are splendid houses and lovely gardens belonging to wealthy people.

Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London. It was named in memory of Admiral Nelson's victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson's Column stands in the middle of the square.

On the north side of Trafalgar Square is the National Gallery and the National Por­trait Gallery. Not far away is the British Museum – the biggest museum in London. It contains a priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures, etc, and is famous for its library.

Тематический словарь

epoch – эпоха

the Stock Exchange – Лондон­ская фондовая биржа

the Old Bailey – Центральный уго­ловный суд, находящийся в Олд-Бейли

St Paul's Cathedral – собор св. Павла (главный собор англиканской церкви)

the Tower of London – Лондонский Тауэр

a fortress – крепость

Westminster Abbey – Вестминстерское аббатство

a statesman – государственный деятель

Westminster Palace (the Houses of Parliament) – Вестминстерский дворец

(здание английского парламента)

Big Ben – "Большой Бен" (колокол часов-курантов на здании парламента, бой которых передается ежедневно по радио как сигнал точного времени)

Buckingham Palace – Букингемский дворец

(главная королевская резиден­ция в Лондоне)

Trafalgar Square – Трафальгарская площадь

in memory of – в память о

the National Gallery – Национальная галерея (крупнейшее в Великобритании собрание картин)

the National Portrait Gallery – Нацио­нальная портретная галерея

the British Museum – Британский музей (один из крупнейших в мире)

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

один из самых больших городов мира; разделен на несколько частей; многочисленные; старинные здания; возможно; самый поразительный; был использован в качестве; знаменитые; богатство и роскошь; в битве; бесценная коллекция.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. Is London one of the largest cities in the world?

2. What is the population of London?

3. Traditionally London is divided into several parts. Can you name them?

4. What do you know about the City?

5. Who was St Paul’s Cathedral build by?

6. Who founded the Tower of London?

7. What is the historic, the governmental part of London?

8. What building has more historic associations than any other building in London?

9. Can you describe Trafalgar Square?

10. What are the most famous London museums and art galleries?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

maze, modern music, tired, Buckingham Palace, shoppers, the Tower of London, the Natural History Museum.

“When a man is tired of London, he is 1___ of life,” Dr Samuel Johnson said. Over two hundred years later, Dr Johnson is still right! London is the place to be, with so many different things to do and places to visit. Here are a few.

You can visit 2___; the Queen’s London home and see the Changing of the Guard at 11 a.m. every day. In 3___ you can see the Crown Jewels and visit the place where many famous prisoners lived and died. You can take a boat trip on the Thames to Hampton Court, where Henry VIII lived with five of his six wives. In the gardens of the palace is a famous 4___, which is easy to get into but not so easy to get out of!

London is one of the best places to be on a rainy day (which is quite often!), because of all its museums and galleries. If you like machines, you must go to the Science Museum. Next door you will find 5___ with its excellent dinosaur exhibition.

London attracts 6___ from all over the world for the latest fashion. The main shopping area is in the West End, around Oxford Street. There are also famous street markets at Portobello Road, Camden Lock and Petticoat Lane where you can buy anything from jewellery to expensive antiques.

There is always a wide choice of plays to see at London’s many theatres in the West End around Covent Garden. There are many clubs with 7___ like house or jungle or more traditional music like salsa and samba. Music lovers can also find many places for top quality classical, jazz and pop music.

Murmansk

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

Murmansk is the administrative, transport, industrial and cultural centre of Murmansk region which is situated beyond the Polar circle. It's washed by the Barents Sea and the White Sea. It borders on Finland and Norway.

Murmansk is the biggest city in the region. Nearly 300000 people live here.

Generally, Murmansk has an interesting history. It was founded in the reign of the Romanov Tsar, Nicholas II and was originally called Romanov-on-Murman. In 1914 the first world war began. Our country needed a never-freezing sea port and a railway which connected this port with the capital of our country, because the other ports were occupied. That's why the decision to construct the sea port and the railway which connected St. Petersburg with the new port began here. It was called "Murmanka". At first there were the settlements of the railway builders, port builders and naval base builders. Joining together they formed a town with population about 10000. In 1917 the town was renamed Murmansk.

There are three administrative districts in Murmansk: Northern, Southern and Central. The centre of the city is Five Corners Square. It's called in such a way, because some time ago the roads here formed 5 corners, but now there are only four of them! Citizens like to go for a walk here. There is the «Arctica» Hotel in the centre of the square. At the beginning of the 1930s it was a wooden two-storeyed building. Now it's the highest building of the city.

There are 250 avenues, streets, squares in our city. At first it was planned to build 17 avenues and streets in the city. The central street on the plan was called Nicolaevsky Avenue, to the south of it Alexandrovsky, Michailovsky and Alexeevsky Avenues and Vladimirskaya and Olginskaya Streets were built and called in such a way in honour of the members of the tsar's family. Nowadays most of the streets have other names.

The most northern trolleybuses in the world travel along the streets of Murmansk. Murmansk is the scientific and educational centre of the polar region. Naturally, education is also a very high priority.

There are more than 60 institutions in Murmansk region. Many of them have friendly and educational links with similar establishments abroad. Young people can get special education and training at the Murmansk Maritime College, the Murmansk College of Music, the Murmansk Medical School and the Murmansk Teacher Training University.

Among the most important educational establishments are the Murmansk State Technical University. The world's famous sailing vessel "Sedov" belongs to the Technical University.

Besides educational establishments there is a Philharmonic Society and Musical College in Murmansk. There are also 14 culture centres and 6 musical schools in Murmansk.

As during World War II Murmansk was nearly destroyed during bombings it took some time to rebuilt the city after the war, that's why there are not so many old buildings in Murmansk, most of them were built in 50-60s.

You can also find a lot of monuments dedicated to heroes of the war such as a monument to the young hero of the Great Patriotic war Anatoly Bredov, Alesha (a monument in honour of all defenders of Kola Peninsular during World War II) and just famous people. One of the best monuments of our city is a sculpture of the Saint brothers Cyril and Methodius. They are the founders of Slavic written language. This monument is a gift from the Bulgarians to Murmansk. The monument is situated near the Public Library. In the left wing of the library there is the Murmansk Regional Puppet Theatre, which is the oldest in our city. It was founded in 1933. It is aimed both at children, and at adults. It is worth visiting. This theatre is loved by both children and adults. The theatre is considered to be one of the best puppet theatres in Russia. Besides Puppet Theatre there are two drama theatres in Murmansk: State Drama Theatre and Theatre of Northern Fleet.

Murmansk is a sea port city. All of its large plants are connected with the sea. These include the Merchant Sea Port (founded in 1915). This very port gave the life to our city. Its first moorings were constructed in 1915 and accepted the first American ship "Drot" in the same year. The Murmansk plants are also connected with the Fish Processing Plant and the Murmansk Fishing Port.

There are also regular boat trips to the open sea and cruises to the islands of SpitsBergen and Novaya Zemlya and even to the North Pole.

There are a lot of places of entertainment in Murmansk such as cinemas (three cinema halls, the oldest is RODINA), dance clubs, cafes and restaurants, bowlings etc.

подготовила студентка

2 курса юридического факультета

Головинова Анна

Тематический словарь

to border – граничить in the reign of – в годы царствования settlement – поселение two-storeyed – двухэтажный in honour of – в честь priority – приоритет

establishment – учреждение dedicated – посвященный defender – защитник worth – заслуживающий, имеющий значение consider – рассматривать connect – связывать

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

был основан; поэтому; был переименован; жители города; центральная улица; члены царской семьи; получить специальное образование; парусник; дар; развлечение.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. When was Murmansk founded?

2. How many administrative districts are there in Murmansk?

3. Where can young people get special education and training in Murmansk?

4. Are there many old buildings in Murmansk?

5. Can you name any monuments dedicated to heroes of the war?

6. What monument is a gift from the Bulgarians to Murmansk?

7. What theatre is considered to be one of the best theatres in Russia?

8. All large plants in Murmansk are connected with the sea, aren’t they?

9. Are there any boat trips to the open sea?

10. What places of entertainment in Murmansk can you name?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

calendar; linked; foundation; the competitions; different countries; celebrated; merchant port; reminds.

If you haven’t seen Murmansk from the see, you don’t know how lovely it can be. In Murmansk everything 1___ you of the sea. And the life of its people is 2___ with the sea in one way or another. Some of them are fisherman, others repair ships, work at the port. Murmansk has a large 3___. It was here that the town came into being. Ships call at the port round the year. The bay does not freeze usually. It is warmed by the Gulf Stream, so Murmansk is open to fishing trawlers round the year.

Official date of the town’s 4___ is the 4^th of October (21^st of September) 1916. The word “murman” comes from the Saam words “mur” – sea, and “man” – land, shore. “A town on the sea shore”, which is perfectly correct and sounds poetically. Before the first hunts were built, the “lord” of these parts was pomor Semyon Korzhnev. Today lakes, a harbour and a mountain are named after him.

The Festival of the North known as the Polar Olympics has been 5___ since 1934. It was included in 1970 in the international 6___ of sporting events. Each spring sportsmen from 7___ take part in a grand event arranged to “see off” the winter sports season. The programme consists of skiing, slalom, ski jumping, ice hockey, figure skating. The most interesting features of this festival are reindeer races and 8___ in which reindeers pull men on skis. Inhabitants of the Saami village of Lovozero are the acknowledged masters of this rare sport. The Festival of the North is popular not only in Russia but also abroad.

Asking the Way

1. Прочитайте и переведите следующие диалоги:

Диалог № 1

- Excuse me, can you tell me the way to Trafalgar Square?

- Certainly. Go down Regent Street to Piccadilly Circus. Then turn to the left and in less than a minute you’ll be in Trafalgar Square.

- Thank you very much. How far is it from here?

- If you walk, it will take you ten minutes or a quarter of an hour.

- Is there a bus?

- There is sure to be. But you’d better ask the policeman over there. He’ll give you all the information you want.

- Thank you.

- Not at all.

* * *

- Excuse me, officer, is there a bus from here to Trafalgar Square?

- Yes, sir, any bus will take you. There is a bus stop just over there. Ask the conductor to put you down at Trafalgar Square.

- Thank you.

Диалог № 2

- Excuse me, please. Could you tell me the way to the Monument?

- Turn round and turn left at the traffic lights.

- Will it take me long to get there?

- Oh, no. It’s no distance at all.

- Thank you very much.

- That’s quite all right.

Диалог № 3

- Excuse me, but I’m trying to find the British Museum.

- First left, second right. You can’t miss it.

- Is it too far to walk?

- No, it’s only a couple of yards.

- Thanks very much.

- That’s all right.

Диалог № 4

- Could you tell me the way to Manchester Road, please?

- Yes, certainly. Go straight along this street, past the traffic lights and the Post Office.

- Yes.

- And then turn to the left and keep straight on until you come to some traffic lights.

- Yes.

- Turn right there and keep straight on until you come to Manchester Road.

- I see. I go straight along this street past the traffic lights and the Post Office …

- Yes.

- And then I turn to the left, I think you said …

- Yes. That is right. And after that you take the next turning to the right.

- Is it far?

- No, not really. It’s about twelve minutes’ walk from here.

- Oh, it’ll take me more than that. Could I get there by bus?

- Yes, but in that case you must go a hundred yards back. Keep on this side of the street until you come to the bus stop. A 151 will take you right to Manchester Road.

- Thank you very much indeed.

- It’s a pleasure, madam.

2. Составьте диалог по теме “Asking the Way”. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

Can you tell me how to get to …? Can you tell me the way to …? Could you tell me where … is? I think I am lost. Which bus goes to …? Does this bus go to …? What trolleybus should I take to get to..? How often does this bus go? How long will it take to get to …? Do I have to change anywhere? Where must I get off? Take bus number … It takes about … minutes. It goes every 15 minutes. There will be another one in 10 minutes. Go straight ahead for about two blocks.

Go along this road. Go past the post office. Go through the park. Go by bus (trolleybus). Go on foot. Turn left, right. Take 5 stops by bus. Take the second street on the right. Take the third turning to the left. Cross over the avenue at the traffic lights. It’s on the corner. It’s opposite the bus stop. It’s just across the street. to get on/off the bus to miss the bus

Shopping

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

When we want to buy something, we go to a shop. There are many kinds of shops in every town or city, but most of them have a food supermarket, a department store, men's and women's clothing stores, a grocery, a bakery and

a butchery.

I like to do my shopping at big department stores and supermarkets. They sell various goods under one roof and this is very convenient.

A department store, for example, true to its name, is composed of many departments: ready-made clothes, fabrics, shoes, sports goods, toys, china and glass, electric appliances, cosmetics, linen, curtains, cameras, records, etc. You can buy everything you like there. There are also escalators in big stores which take customers to different floors.

The things for sale are on the counters so that they can be easily seen. In the women's clothing department you can find dresses, costumes, blouses, skirts, coats, beautiful underwear and many other things.

In the men's clothing department you can choose suits, trousers, overcoats, ties, etc. In the knitwear department one can buy sweaters, cardigans, short-sleeved and long-sleeved pullovers, woolen jackets. In the perfumery they sell face cream and powder, lipstick, lotions and shampoos.

In a food supermarket we can also buy many different things at once: sausages, fish, sugar, macaroni, flour, cereal, and tea. At the butcher's there is a wide choice of meat and poultry. At the bakery you buy brown and white bread, rolls, and biscuits.

Another shop we frequently go to is the greengrocery which is stocked with cabbage, potatoes, onions, cucumbers, carrots, green peas and what not. Everything is sold here ready-weighed and packed. If you call round at a dairy you can buy milk, cream, cheese, butter and many other products.

The method of shopping may vary. It may be a self-service shop where the customer goes from counter to counter selecting and putting into a basket what he wishes to buy. Then he takes the basket to the check-out counter, where the prices of the purchases are added up. If it is not a self-service shop, the shop-assistant helps the customer in finding what he wants. You pay money to the cashier and he gives you back the change.

Тематический словарь

a department store – универсальный магазин a grocery – бакалея a bakery – булочная a butchery – мясная лавка to do shopping – делать покупки departments – отделы fabrics – ткани china – фарфоровая посуда appliances – приборы

on the counters – на прилавке knitwear – трикотаж poultry – птица the greengrocery – овощной магазин a dairy – отдел молочных продуктов a self-service shop – магазин самообслуживания the customer – покупатель the cashier – кассир

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

виды магазинов; большинство из них; различные товары; оправдывает свое название; готовая одежда; сразу; часто; взвешенный; упакованный; выбирая; контрольно-кассовый пункт; покупки.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по теме “Shopping”

1. Who does the shopping in your family?

2. How often do you go shopping?

3. Do you prefer to go shopping on weekdays or at the weekend?

4. Do you like to go to small shops or to big department stores and supermarkets?

5. Which do you think is the most convenient time for shopping?

6. Some people are fond of window-shopping (разглядывание витрин). Can you say that you belong to such people?

7. What are advantages and disadvantages of big supermarkets?

8. Can you see a difference between state-owned shops and private shops? Which ones do you prefer?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова (текст Б):

displays; designer; visit; high; antiquarian; shopping; price.

London is still one of the liveliest 1___ cities in the world. Within just a few minutes' walk you can find both vast department stores, with glittering window 2___, and tiny, cluttered rooms where one customer almost fills the entire shop. Many of the most famous London shops are in Knightsbridge or Regent Street, where prices can be steep, but Ox­ford Street, which is packed with a huge number of shops offering quality goods at a range of prices, is also worth a 3___.

The king of London's department stores, by tradition is Harrod's, with its 300 departments and staff about 4,000. The elaborately decorated, spectacular food hall has splendid displays of fish, cheese, fruit and vegetables; other specialities include fashions for all ages, china and glass, electronics and kitchenware.

Though Harrod's is still just as popular, Londoners often head instead for nearby Harvey Nichols, which aims to stock the best of everything with the price tags to match. Clothes are particularly strong, with the emphasis firmly on very 4___ fashion, with many talented British, European and American names repre­sented. There is also an impressive menswear section. The food hall, opened in 1992, is one of the most stylish in London.

Selfridge's vast building on Oxford Street houses everything from Gucci bags and Hermes scarves to household gadgets and bed-linen.

Marks and Spencer has come a long way since 1882 when Russian émigré Michael Marks had a stall in Leeds's Kirkgate market under the sign, "Don't ask the 5___ — it's a penny!" It now has over 680 stores worldwide. It stocks reliable versions of more expen­sive clothes — Marks and Spencer's underwear in par­ticular is a staple of the British wardrobe.

Meccas for those who enjoy searching for a bar­gain, London's colourful markets such as Brick Lane, Petticoat Lane and Portobello Road reflect also the vi­brant street life with its enterprising multiracial com­munity. Specialist shoppers will easily find streets crammed with antique shops, 6___ booksellers and art galleries, the 7___ clothes and accessories shops. British designers excel in the opposite extremes of the market — traditional tailoring and street fashions.

5. Прочитайте и переведите следующие диалоги:

Диалог № 1

- Can I help you?

- No, it's all right, thanks, I'm just looking round.

- Have a look around then. May be you would like something in our shop.

(in some minutes)

I like this navy-blue jacket very much. Can I try it on?

- Certainly. The fitting room is in the right-hand corner.

- Oh, it suits me very well, doesn't it?

- That's a really nice jacket. Pure wool, a modern fashion.

- How much is it?

- 55 pounds. English clothes are really good value. They are so well-made.

- All right. I can afford the price.

Диалог № 2

- Hello, I'm looking for a pullover. Can you show me one?

- Certainly, madam. What kind of pullover do you want?

- A woolen one. Medium size.

- How about this one? It's very attractive

- Yes, but it's too thick.

- How about this yellow one?

- Oh, it's quite nice but it's too short and I don't like the colour.

- What colour do you want?

- I think blue or brown will do.

- Well, we have some pullovers of that colour. Here they are. Which one do you like best?

- Can I try this brown one?

- Of course, madam. ...Oh, it fits you perfectly. It's exactly your size.

- Yes, but I don't think it suits me. Can I try that blue one? It matches the colour of my eyes.

- Unfortunately, we can't offer you exactly what you want. The colour, size, material, price are all wrong. Try another shop, please.

- Excuse me, please.

- That's right. But you'd better go to a big supermarket next time. You'll find everything there.

- Thank you very much. It was very kind of you to explain me all that. I'm a foreigner here and I'm not accustomed to your service and prices yet.

Диалог № 3

- Can you show me some cameras, please?

- Certainly, sir … this one’s very good.

- Yes, it is. How much is it?

- 85 pounds.

- Oh, dear. That’s very expensive.

- Hmm, I see … that one isn’t expensive, sir.

- What make is it?

- It’s a Kodak … it’s 47 pounds.

- Hmm … Can you show it to me?

Диалог № 4

- Can I help you?

- Yes, please. I would like to have something from this shopping list.

- Oh, your shopping list is very big. We stock only three items you ask for: butter, milk and cheese.

- Two packets of butter, a pound of cheese and three bottles of milk, please.

- Here they are. Pay by cheque at the cash desk.

- Excuse me, do you happen to know where I could find some ham, minced meat and beef sausages?

- They are all sold at the butcher's.

- And I wonder if you stock any cigarettes here?

- I'm afraid we don't. You should try the shop next door for the cigarettes.

6. Составьте диалог по теме “Shopping”. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

How much is this? May try it on? Where is the fitting room? Can you wrap it? Does it fit? It fits very well. It doesn’t fit.

It suits me. It’s a bargain. I think it’s too big, small for me. What size are you? It’s exactly your size. How does it look? Will it be cash or credit card?

Meals / At a Restaurant

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

The English usually have 4 meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea (5 o'clock) and dinner. Breakfast can be a full "English breakfast" of cornflakes with milk and sugar, or ba­con and eggs, toast and marmalade, tea or coffee. Some people, however, have just a cup of tea or coffee with a toast or something similar. This is usually called a "continental breakfast".

At midday everything is stopped for lunch. Most offices and small shops are closed for an hour and the city pavements arc full of people on their way to cafes, coffee bars, restaurants. Factory workers usually eat in their canteens.

The English like what they call "good plain food". They must be able to recognize what they are eating. Usually they like steak, roast beef, Yorkshire pudding and fish and chips.

Afternoon tea is taken at about 5 o'clock, but it can hardly be called a meal. It is a cup of tea and cake or biscuits. At the weekends afternoon tea is a special occasion. Friends and visitors are often invited to have a chat over a cup of tea.

Dinner is the most substantial meal of the day. It is usually eaten at 7 o'clock. The first course may be soup (though the English don't like it very much). The main course will often be fish or meat, perhaps the traditional roast beef of old England, and a lot of vegetables. The next course will be something sweet and often cooked, such as a fruit pie. Last of all there may be cheese, often with biscuits.

It is common knowledge that the English are very fond of tea. They like to have "a nice cup of tea" 6 or 8 times a day, sometimes even more.

On Christmas Day a roast turkey is traditionally cooked for dinner. It is usually fol­lowed by Christmas pudding. Long before Christmas housewives begin to plan what cake to make for Christmas. Usually they make fantastic Christmas cakes.

Тематический словарь

bacon and eggs – яичница с беконом marmalade – джем, конфитюр, обычно из апельсинов и лимонов, часто с цедрой (подается к утреннему завтраку) similar – подобный, похожий pavement – тротуар canteen – столовая plain food – простая пища steak – кусок мяса, лангет, бифштекс Yorkshire pudding – йоркширский пудинг (жидкое пресное тесто, которое запекается под куском мяса на рашпере и впитывает стекающий сок)

fish and chips – рыба с картофелем во фритюре (популярное дешевое блюдо) it can hardly be called... – вряд ли это можно назвать special occasion – особый случай, событие to have a chat – болтать substantial – зд. плотный first course – первое блюдо main course – второе блюдо fruit pie – фруктовый пирог it is common knowledge – всем известно roast turkey – жареная индейка Christmas pudding – рождест­венский пудинг (с изюмом, цукатами и пря­ностями)

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

принятие пищи; еда; тем не менее; в полдень; узнавать; приглашены; хотя; возможно; овощи; на обед.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. How many meals a day do the English have?

2. What is the traditional English breakfast like?

3. What is usually called a "continental breakfast"?

4. When do the English usually have lunch?

5. Why do the English like "good plain food"?

6. What kind of meal is five o'clock tea in England?

7. What do the English usually have for dinner?

8. The English are fond of tea, aren't they?

9. What is the traditional dish for Christmas table?

10. What other dishes are popular in England?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

prices; restaurants; fast; occasions; vegetarians; breakfast; pizza; recipe books; enjoyable; ingredients.

Years ago a Frenchman said that the only way to eat well in Britain was to eat 1___ three times a day. And, let's be honest, most British food was terrible – overcooked vegetables, greasy sausages, boring sandwiches. For a lot of people, eating was something you had to do to survive; it was certainly not an 2___ experience. But things have changed …

Food has become very important in Britain. TV cooks are more famous than writers and their 3___ are bestsellers.

More of us eat out regularly and we can get excellent food in lots of different kinds of 4___ – French, Indian, Italian, Greek, Thai, Indonesian … even British! Traditional British pubs serve surprisingly good meals at good 5___.

British supermarkets are now full of exotic cooking 6___: sauces, pasta, cheese, fruit and vegetables.

The British love all kinds of 'international' food. The most popular is now 7___ and, according to a recent survey, 40% of British families have a curry for Sunday lunch, instead of traditional dishes like roast beef.

We eat less meat and more fresh fruit and vegetables. A growing number of people are becoming 8___. Even children know about sugar-free sweets.

That is the good news. Unfortunately, there is also some bad news. As we work harder and have less time, we are eating more and more 9___ food and doing less exercise. For lunch, many of us have a hamburger or sandwich and when we come home in the evening we put our ready-made dinner into the microwave before sitting down in front of the TV. Meals are no longer family 10___.

5. Прочитайте и переведите следующие диалоги:

Диалог № 1(between a waiter and a client)

W: Good evening, madam (sir).

C: Good evening. We'd like a table for 2, please.

W: Where would you like to sit?

C: Could we have a table near the window, please?

W: Certainly. Follow me, please. Is this table all right?

C: That's fine. Could we have the menu, please?

W: Certainly.

C: What would you recommend?

W: The soup of the day is French onion soup.

C: We have to make up our mind. We'll order in a few minutes.

Диалог № 2 (between John and Mary)

M: Do you want an appetizer, John? ,

J: No, thanks. Let's order a dinner without an appetizer. What about the second course? What would you like - veal, roast beef, steak or chicken?

M: We've had chicken at home rather often. When we eat out, I'd like to

get something we don't have at home. As for me, I'd like to have a steak.

J: So would I.

W: Are you ready to order?

J: Yes. Can we begin with the salad?

W: Certainly, sir. What kind of dressing would you like?

J: Just olive oil and vinegar for both of us.

W: And for the main course?

J: We'd like 2 portions of French onion soup.

W: And for the second course?

J: Two steaks, please.

W: How would you like your steak: rare, medium or well done?

J: Well done, please.

W: That's fine. What vegetables would you like?

J: Mashed potatoes.

W: Would you like to order some wine?

J: Yes. Can I see the wine list? A bottle of French red, please.

W: Would you like mineral water?

J: Yes, please.

W: Fizzy or still mineral water?

J: Still, please.

W: Fine. Would you like to order your dessert now?

J: Can we order it later?

W: Of course.

J: That was delicious.

W: Thank you very much. Would you like some coffee or tea?

J: Yes, black coffee, please. Can we have the bill?

W: Of course.

J: Is the service included?

W: No, it isn't, sir.

J: Can I pay by credit card?

W: Certainly.

6. Составьте диалог по теме “At a restaurant”. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

Is this table free? This table has been reserved. I’d like the menu, please. Here you are. starter – первое блюдо main course – главное блюдо appetizer – закуска meat dishes – мясные блюда steak (rare/medium/well-done) chop – отбивная котлета beef – говядина veal – телятина lamb – баранина pork – свинина soft drinks – безалкогольные напитки

garnish – гарнир french potatoes – жареный картофель dressing – приправа fish and sea food – рыбные блюда boiled – вареный roast/fried – жареный baked – печеный grilled – жареный на вертеле stewed – тушеный smoked – копченый French cuisine – французская кухня too hot/spicy – слишком острая overdone – пережарено underdone – недожарено

The UK

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousand small islands. Their total area is over 244,000 square kilometers.

The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast respectively. Great Britain consists of England, Scotland and Wales and does not include Northern Ireland. But in everyday speech 'Great Britain' is used to mean the United Kingdom. The capital of the UK is London.

The British Isles are separated from the European continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.

The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called the Highlands, while the south, which has beautiful valleys and plains, is called the Lowlands. The north and west of England are mountainous, but all the rest – east, centre and south-east – is a vast plain. Mountains are not very high. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountain (1343m).

There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one.

The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of Gulf Stream influence the climate of the British Isles. It is mild the whole year round.

The UK is one of the world's smaller countries. Its population is over 57 million. About 80% of the population is urban.

The UK is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world's largest producers and exporters of machinery, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding.

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. In law, the Head of State is the Queen. In practice, the Queen reigns, but does not rule. The country is ruled by the elected government with the Prime Minister at the head. The British Parliament consists of two cham­bers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

There are three main political parties in Great Britain: the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties.

Тематический словарь

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – Соединен­ное Королевство Великобритании и Север­ной Ирландии the British Isles – Британские острова Cardiff – Кардифф Edinburgh ['edinbərə] – Эдинбург Belfast [bel'fa:st] – Белфаст the North Sea – Северное море the English Channel – Английский канал (принятое в Великобритании название пролива Ла-Манш) the Irish ['aiəriʃ] Sea – Ирландское море the Highlands – гористая часть

the Lowlands – низменная часть urban – городской highly developed – высокоразвитый machinery – машинное оборудова­ние navigation – судоходство equipment – оборудование shipbuilding – кораблестроение constitutional monarchy – конституционная монархия the House of Lords – палата лордов the House of Commons – палата общин the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties – Лейборист­ская, Консервативная и Либеральная партии

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

состоят из; общая площадь; включать; означать; отделены; западное побережье; гористый; равнина; самая глубокая; оказывать влияние на климат; круглый год; глава государства; во главе; палата.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. Where is the UK situated?

2. What countries is the UK made of?

3. What channel separates the British Isles from the European continent?

4. The surface of the British Isles varies very much, doesn’t it?

5. What is the north of Scotland called?

6. What is the highest mountain in Scotland?

7. Are there a lot of long and deep rivers in Great Britain?

8. Why is the climate of the British Isles mild?

9. Is the UK a large country?

10. The UK is a highly developed industrial country. What does it produce?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

bagpipe music; conquered; poet; atmosphere; kilts; united; parliament.

Scotland

Area: 78,769 sq km

Population: 5,200,000

Capital: Edinburgh

Political: Scotland is a part of the United Kingdom. It has its own 1___, legal system, education system and even its own international football team.

History: The Romans never 2___ Scotland. Between AD 120 and 140, they built Hadrian's Walt, a huge wall of 118 km, to protect their Empire south of the Scottish border. In the middle ages, Scotland became a 3___ country. There were many wars between England and Scotland. In 1603 the Scottish king, James VI, became King of England and a century later Scotland and England were united.

Scotland is famous for its own culture. Here are some of the ways in which visitors to Scotland can join in the fun:

Scotland celebrates Hogmanay, New Year, with 4___ and dancing in the street throughout the night. At midnight, there are fireworks and everyone sings 'Auld lang syne', a song by Robert Burns, a famous Scottish poet. Around the New Year period, Scottish families go 'first footing', visiting the houses of friends and relations to continue the celebrations!

Robert Burns is Scotland's national 5___ and Scottish people have a big dinner every year to celebrate his birthday. The dinner begins with the sound of bagpipes and the 'haggis', Scotland's national dish, a kind of sausage made from the heart and other organs of a sheep. Then everyone reads poems and sings songs written by the great 'Rabbie Burns' himself.

Nearly every weekend in the summer there are highland games somewhere in Scotland, but the biggest games are at Cowal. People from all over the world come to watch or take part. Over three thousand bagpipers and drummers play all day and there is a wonderful 6___. There are highland dancing competitions as well as events like throwing the hammer or 'tossing the caber' – throwing a large tree as far as possible. All the athletes wear traditional 7___.

One of the Cities of the UK

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland with a population of 420.000. The city is built on a group of hills and its principal building is the Castle on Castle Rock.

More than 340 million years ago there was an active volcano in this region, and much later a glacier shaped the volcanic rock into a high ridge on which the Old Town stands today. The fortress, Din Eidyn, was built on the top of the rock in 630 AD. The fortress became the Castle of Edinburgh – the powerful national symbol of Scotland.

The city took its name from Edwin of Northumbria, who occupied the site in the beginning of the 7^th century. The settlement grew up round Castle Rock, while a mile to the east of it another town grew up round the abbey of Holyrood (Holy Cross), founded by David I in 1128. Both towns were united in 1856. The city lost its political importance after the union of Scotland with England in 1707. The two most renowned thoroughfares are Princes Street and the Royal Mile, which links the Castle with the palace of Holyrood House.

Edinburgh is associated with science, law and administration. This reputation, together with many historic buildings has led to its being called “The Athens of the North”. The annual festival of the arts is internationally famous. There is an Official Festival for theatre, opera and classical music, and a “Fringe” festival, where you can see a big variety of plays, concerts, dance performances and films. Finally, there is the Military Tattoo, a parade, held in Edinburgh Castle. Here you can see an interesting performance of military music, marching, Scottish dances and other spectacular things. It is famous throughout the world and the tickets are sold about 6 months before.

Тематический словарь

a glacier – ледник a ridge – гребень горы a fortress – крепость a settlement – поселение an abbey – монастырь renowned – известный

a thoroughfare – главная улица annual – ежегодный “Fringe”– маленький, экспериментальный театр Tattoo – демонстрация военных приемов

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

могущественный; захватил; объединение; разнообразие; в заключении; проводимый; эффектный, захватывающий; во всем мире.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. Where is Edinburgh built?

2. Where does the Old Town stand?

3. What is the powerful national symbol of Scotland?

4. Why did the city lose its political importance?

5. Why is Edinburgh called “The Athens of the North”?

6. What is the annual festival of the arts famous for?

One of the Cities of the USA

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

Washington is the capital of the United States of America. It is situated in the District of Columbia and is like no other city in the USA. It is the world’s largest one-industry city. And that industry is government. The White House, where the US Presi­dent lives and works, the Capitol, the home of the US Congress, and the Supreme Court, are all in Washington.

Washington was named after the first US President George Washington. He selected the place for the capital and Pierre L'Enfant, a French engineer, designed the city.

Washington was first settled in 1790 and since 1800 it has been the Federal capital.

Washington is one of the most beautiful and unusual cities in the United States. In the very centre of it rises the huge dome of the Capitol – a big white dome standing on a circle of pillars. The 535 members of the Congress meet here to discuss the nation's af­fairs. It's easy to get lost in this huge building, full of paintings and statues.

Not far from the Capitol is the Library of Congress, the largest library in the States. It contains more than 13 million books, more than 19 million manuscripts, including the personal papers of the US presidents.

The White House is the official residence of the US President. He works in the Oval Office.

One can hardly find a park, a square or an open area in Washington without a monument or a memorial. The most impressive and the best-known ones are the Lincoln Memorial and the Washington Monument.

There are some important museums in Washington where you can see all kinds of things: famous paintings and sculptures, the dresses of President’s wives, the original of the Declaration of Independence, the largest blue diamond in the world, etc.

There are 5 universities in Washington.

There are no skyscrapers in Washington, because they would hide the city's monuments from view. No building in the city may be more than 40 meters tall.

Thousands of tourists visit Washington every day. People from all parts of the United States come to see their capital.

Тематический словарь

the District of Columbia – okруг Колумбия the White House – Белый Дом (резиденция президента США) the Capitol – Капитолий (здание конгресса США) the Congress – Конгресс the Supreme Court – Bерховный суд to settle – поселять, заселять huge – огромный, колоссальный to get lost – заблудиться

manuscript – рукопись personal papers – личные бумаги impressive – производящий впечатление, впечатляющий the Lincoln Memorial – памятник Линкольну the Washington Monument – обелиск в честь Джорджа Вашингтона original – оригинал the Declaration of Independence – Декларация независимости

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

расположен; выбрать место для; в самом центре; вопросы государственной важности; включая; официальная резиденция; едва можно найти; скрыть из вида.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. Where is Washington situated?

2. Is Washington a typical American city?

3. It’s the world’s largest one-industry city, isn’t it? What kind of industry is it?

4. What important government buildings are situated in Washington?

5. Where does the US president live and work?

6. Who selected the place for the capital of the USA?

7. When was Washington first settled?

8. Who designed the capital of the USA?

9. What places of interest in Washington do you know?

10. Why aren’t there any skyscrapers in Washington?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова (текст Б):

Columbia; Capitol; elected; center; smaller; capital.

The city of Washington was designed in the late eighteenth century. When George Washington was 1___ President of the United States, there was no permanent capital to house the government. Since members of Congress could not agree as to where the 2___ should be located, it was decided to choose a special place for the new capital. The State of Maryland agreed to allot a wild area on the Potomac River. The region was called the District of 3___, after Christopher Columbus, and the capital was called Washington, after George Washington.

Washington is 4___ in size than the largest cities of the USA, such as New York, Chicago, Detroit or Los Angeles. The population of Washington is about 11 million people. The buildings in Washington are not very high because no building must be higher than the 5___. But in political sense Washington is the 6___ of the country and the most important city of the United States.

The System of Education in Great Britain

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

British Schools

All British children must stay at school from the age of 5 until they are 16. Many of them stay longer and take final examinations when they are 17 or 18. Before 1965 all children of state schools had to go through special intelligence tests. There were different types of state secondary schools and at the age of 11 children went to different schools in accordance with the results of the tests.

State schools are divided into the following types:

Grammar schools. Children who go to grammar schools are usually those who show a preference for academic subjects, although many grammar schools now also have some technical courses.

Technical schools. Some children go to technical schools. Most courses there are either commercial or technical.

Modern Schools. Boys and girls who are interested in working with their hands and learning in a practical way can go to a technical school and learn some trade.

Comprehensive schools. These schools usually combine all types of secondary education. They have physics, chemistry, biology laboratories, machine workshops for metal and woodwork and also geography, history and art departments, commercial and domestic courses.

There are also many schools which the State does not control. They are private schools. They charge fees for educating children, and many of them are boarding schools, at which pupils live during the term time.

After leaving school many young people go to colleges of further education. Those who become students at Colleges of Technology (called “Techs”) come from different schools at different ages between 15 and 17. The lectures at such colleges, each an hour long, start at 9.15 in the morning and end at 4.45 in the afternoon.

Тематический словарь

to stay at school – учиться в школе

to take final examinations – сдавать выпускные экзамены

a state school – государственная школа

to go through special intelli­gence tests – сдавать спец. тест на уровень интеллектуального развития

a secondary school – средняя школа

a grammar school – «грамматическая школа»

to show a preference for academic subjects – проявлять склонность к академическим дисциплинам

technical courses – технические предметы

a technical school – «техническая» школа a modern school – «современная» школа a trade – профессия

a comprehensive school – общеобразовательная школа a workshop – мастерская

a domestic course – домоведение

a private school – частная школа

to charge fees for educating smb. – брать деньги за обучение

a boarding school – интернат

a term – семестр

a college of farther education – колледж дальнейшего образования

a College of Technology – технический колледж

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

в возрасте от … до; в соответствии с; делятся на; или … или; интересоваться; включать в себя; в течение семестра.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. At what age must British children stay at school?

2. What groups are state schools divided into?

3. What is a private school?

4. What do many young people do after leaving school?

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

Britain’s Universities

There are about 90 universities in Britain. They are divided into three types: the old universities (Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh Universities), the 19th century universities such as London and Manchester universities, and the new universities. Some years ago there were also polytechnics. After graduating from a polytechnic a student got a degree, but it was not a university degree. 31 former polytechnics were given university status in 1992.

Full courses of study offer the degree of Bachelor of Arts or Science. Most degree courses at universities last 3 years, language courses 4 years (including a year spent abroad). Medicine and dentistry courses are longer (5-7 years).

Students may receive grants from their Local Education Authority to help pay for books, accommodation, transport and food. This grant depends on the income of their parents.

Most students live away from home, in flats or halls of residence.

Students don't usually have a job during term time because the lessons, called lectures, seminars, classes or tutorials, are full time. However, many students now have to work in the evenings.

University life is considered "an experience". The exams are competitive but the social life and living away from home are also important. The social life is excellent with a lot of clubs, parties, concerts, bars.

There are not only universities in Britain but also colleges. Colleges offer courses in teacher training, courses in technology and some professions connected with medicine.

Тематический словарь

a polytechnic – политехнический институт

to graduate from – окончить вуз

to get a degree – получить степень

a university degree – университетская степень

to be given university status – получить университетский статус

a course of study – курс обучения

to offer the degree of – предоставить степень

Bachelor of Arts or Science – бакалавр гуманитарных или естественных наук

a degree course – курс, заканчивающийся присвоением степени

to receive a grant – получить стипендию

Local Education Authority – местный орган образования

to pay for accommodation – платить за жилье

to depend on the income of smb. – зависеть от дохода кого-либо

to live away from home – жить вне дома a hall of residence - общежитие

a tutorial – практическое занятие

competitive – конкурсный (об экзамене)

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

бывший; продолжаться, длиться; медицинский курс; курс для будущих дантистов; предлагать курс подготовки учителей; технический курс.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. What are the three types of universities in Great Britain?

2. What degrees do students get after finishing full courses of study?

3. What grants do students receive?

4. Why is the university life considered "an experience"?

5. What courses do colleges offer?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

governing body; colleges; library; head; beginning.

Cambridge is one of two major universities of England, located at Cambridge, on the Cam River. It was founded at the 1___ of the 12th century. The University comprises 20 different bodies, called 2___. Each of the colleges is a self-governing body and the control of its affairs rests with its 3___ and fellows.

The supreme 4___ of the University is the senate, which consists of doctors and masters in all faculties.

A botanical garden, an observatory, and an anatomy school are maintained by the University. The 5___ contains more that 1,250,000 printed books and over 2,500 maps. Each of the colleges has a library of its own.

The System of Education in Russia

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

Education in Russia

Every citizen of our country has the right to education. This right is guaranteed by the Constitution. It is not only a right but a duty, too. Education in Russia is compulsory up to the 9^th form inclusive. The stages of compulsory schooling in Russia are: primary education for ages 6-7 to 9-10 inclusive; secondary education including intermediate school for ages 10-11 to 12—13 inclusive, and senior school for ages 13—14 to 14—15 inclusive. If a pupil of a secondary school wishes to go on in higher education, he or she must stay at school for two more years. Primary and secondary school together comprise 11 years of study. Every school has a "core curriculum" of academic subjects, such as Russian, Literature, Mathematics, History, a foreign language and others. Lyceums and gymnasiums offer programs giving a profound knowledge in some field of study.

After finishing 9 forms of a secondary school young people can continue their education in the 10th and the 11th form. They can also go to a vocational or technical school, where they study academic subjects and receive a profession.

After finishing a secondary, vocational, technical school or a college, young people can start working or enter an institute or a university. After finishing the 1lth form of a secondary school, a lyceum or a gymnasium one can go on in higher education. All applicants must take competitive examinations. Higher education institutions, that is, institutes or universities, offer a 5-year programme of academic subjects for undergraduates in a variety of fields, as well as a postgraduate course. If one finishes a postgraduate course and writes a thesis, he or she receives a candidate's degree or a doctoral degree. Many universities have evening and extramural departments. They give their students an opportunity to study without leaving their jobs.

Education in this country is free at most schools. There are some private primary and secondary schools where pupils have to pay for their studies. Students of institutes and universities get scholarships. At many institutes and universities there are also departments where students have to pay for their education.

Тематический словарь

a citizen of – гражданин

the right to education – право на образование

to be guaranteed by the Constitution – гарантироваться конституцией

a duty – обязанность

compulsory - обязательный

inclusive – включительно

compulsory schooling – обязательное школьное образование

primary education – начальное образование

secondary education – среднее образование

intermediate school – средние классы

senior school – старшие классы

to go on in higher education – продолжать образование в вузе

a core curriculum – основная программа

to give a profound knowledge – давать углубленные знания

a vocational school – училище

a technical school – техникум

to receive a profession – получить профессию

to enter an institute or a university – поступить в институт или университет

an applicant – абитуриент

to take competitive examinations – сдавать конкурсные экзамены

an undergraduate – студент

a postgraduate course – аспирантура

a candidate's degree – степень кандидата наук

a doctoral degree – степень доктора наук

an evening department – вечернее отделение

an extramural department – заочное отделение

free – бесплатный

to get a scholarship – получать стипендию

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

этап; общеобразовательный предмет; вуз; предлагать; наряду с; диссертация; предоставлять возможность; частные школы.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. What does the phrase “the right to education” mean?

2. Why is education a duty, too?

3. What subjects do pupils study at school?

4. What can young people do after finishing the 9^th form?

5. What can young people do after finishing the 11^th form?

6. What is necessary for entering a higher education establishment?

7. What degrees can one get at a higher education establishment?

8. Do people in Russia have to pay for education?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова (текст Б):

International; laboratory; achievements; researches; possibilities; conditions; founder.

The oldest university in Russia was opened on April 26, 1755. Its history is closely connected with the name of its 1_____ – the great Russian scientist and poet M. V. Lomonosov. At the early days of its history Moscow University was housed in a small building in Red Square. There were lecture halls, rooms for studies as well as the first chemical 2_____ in Russia founded by Lomonosov.

It is difficult to say in detail about all the 3_____ provided by the complex of modern buildings of the Uni­versity constructed on the Lenin Hills. It is sufficient to say that the main building of the University is 32 stories high and has more than a thousand lecture halls, a great number of rooms for studies, libraries, dining-rooms and other necessary facilities (средства обслуживания) as well. A great number of laboratories provided with up-to-date equipment improve the 4_____ of learning and research. The history of Moscow University is connected with the names of the greatest Russian and Soviet scientists who were its students and graduates. For young men and women Mos­cow University opens the road to the latest 5_____ in science, technology and culture, to working on problems that are of much importance for mankind.

Moscow University is a recognized leading centre of Russian and world science. Serious and significant 6_____ are conducted by its scientists and students. Its influence upon world science and education is deep and permanent (постоянный). Today research is becoming increasingly 7_____ and Moscow University is steadily widening its contacts with the leading universities in other countries.

Sport in My Life

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст (текст А):

Sport is popular among young and old people all over the world. It is an exiting creative sphere of hard work and competition. Sport makes people healthy, more organized and better disciplined, keeps them fit.

Many people do morning exercises, jog in the morning and train themselves in clubs and take part in sport com­petitions. Every week thousands of people do sports and millions watch sports programmes on TV, read sport news in newspapers and listen to sport reports on the radio. They go in for skiing, skating, table tennis, swimming, volley-ball, football, body-building, etc. All necessary facilities are provided for them: stadiums, sport grounds, swimming pools, skating rinks, skiing stations, football fields. Sport makes a person's char­acter. It's a way to meet other people. Sport unites people of different classes and nationalities.

Risk sports (or action sports) are one of the fastest growing leisure activities. Daredevils try anything from organised bungee jumps to illegally jumping off buildings. These people never feel so alive as when they are risking their lives.

So why do some people's lives seem to be dominated by the 'thrill factor', while others ate perfectly happy to sit at home by the fire? Some say that people who do risk sports are reacting against a society which they I feel has become dull. David Lewis, a psychologist, believes that people today crave adventure. In an attempt to guarantee safety, our culture has eliminated risk. 'The world has become a safe place,' says Lewis. 'People used to be able to seek adventure by hunting wild animals, or taking part in expeditions. Now they turn to risk sports as an escape.'

Risk sports have a positive side as well. They help people to overcome fears that affect them in their real lives. This makes risk sports particularly valuable for executives in office jobs who need to stay alert so that they can cope when things go wrong. They learn that being frightened doesn't mean they can't be in control.

Risk-taking has other benefits. The best cure for a stressful working life may not be a week flat-out on a beach; emptying the mind merely leaves it open for occupation by the home stresses which you brought with you.

Action sports offer an escape, one where you learn very quickly: in one week or even in one weekend – you can learn more about yourself than you did all year. All inner fears disappear in tine burn of concentration demanded by learning to fly, dive, ride or climb. The pride earned through jumping from an airplane at 12,000 feet, or learning to roll a canoe, will stay with you for life.

As for me I go in for table tennis (ping-pong). It needs mobility, liveliness and much energy. It keeps a person in a good form. I have been playing tennis for five years, but the more I play the more I like it. I get a real joy taking part in competitions or simply playing with my friends. Sometimes I go to tennis courts. Certainly, it's a great distance between my manner of playing and such favourites as Boris Becker but I do my training with great pleasure and hope to play as well as our best players do.

Тематический словарь

to jog – бегать трусцой to go in for – заниматься a leisure activity – деятельность в свободное время a daredevil – смельчак dull – унылый, скучный a psychologist – психолог to crave adventure – жаждать приключений

to eliminate – устранить, исключить to seek – искать an escape – спасение an executive – руководящий работник a benefit – преимущество to empty – опустошать inner fears – внутренние страхи liveliness – живость to do one’s training – тренироваться

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний:

принимать участие в соревнованиях; оборудование; формирует характер; испытывать влияние; пытаясь гарантировать безопасность; положительная сторона; преодолеть страхи; ценный; справиться с ситуацией; исчезать; гордость.

3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по теме “Sport”:

1. Why do people go in for sport?

2. Is sport popular in Russia?

3. What kinds of sport do you know?

4. What sport do you go in for?

5. What sports do you like doing?

6. Are there any sporting societies, clubs or complexes in Murmansk?

7. Do you like watching sport on TV?

8. Have you ever taken part in any sport competition?

9. If your Institute asked you to be in a team, would you try to back out (отказаться)?

10. What team are you supporting? (За какую команду вы болеете?)

11. Do you think you'll ever take up a dangerous sport?

12. What extreme sports would you like to try?

13. What extreme sports couldn't you go through with?

14. Have you ever watched extreme sports on TV?

4. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и словосочетания (текст Б):

clubs; behaviour; Wimbledon; essential part; spectator sport; sports-lovers.

The British are known to be great 1_____, so when they are neither playing, nor watching games, they like to talk about them. Many of the games we play now have come from Britain.

One of the most British games is cricket. It is often played in schools, colleges, univer­sities and by club teams all over the country. Summer isn't summer without cricket. To many Englishmen cricket is both a game and a standard of 2_____. When they con­sider anything unfair, they sometimes say "That isn't cricket".

But as almost everywhere else in the world, the game which attracts the greatest at­tention is Association football, or soccer. Every Saturday from late August till the be­ginning of May, large crowds of people support their favourite sides in football grounds. True fans will travel from one end of the country to the other to see their team play. There are plenty of professional and amateur soccer 3_____ all over Britain. International football matches and the Cup Finals take place at Wembley.

Rugby football is also very popular, but it is played mainly by amateurs.

Next to football, the chief 4_____ in British life is horse-racing. A lot of people are interested in the races and risk money on the horse which they think will win. The Derby is perhaps the most famous single sporting event in the whole world.

Britain is also famous for motor-car racing, dog-racing, boat-racing, and even races for donkeys. The famous boat-race between the teams of Oxford and Cambridge attracts large crowds of people.

A great number of people play and watch tennis. Tennis tournaments at 5_____ are known all over the world. The innumerable tennis courts of Britain are occupied by people between the ages of 16 and 60 who show every degree of skill – from practically helpless to the extremely able.

The British also like to play golf, baseball, hockey, grass-hockey. Various forms of athletics, such as running, jumping, swimming and boxing are also popular. You can some­times hear that there are no winter sports in England. Of course the English weather is not always cold enough to ski, skate, or toboggan, but winter is a good season for hunt­ing and fishing.

Indeed sport in one form or another is an 6_____ of daily life in Britain.

5. Расскажите, какую роль играет спорт в Вашей жизни. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

gymnastics – гимнастика figure skating – фигурное катание boxing – бокс chess – шахматы swimming – плавание fishing – рыбалка hunting – охота skiing – ходьба на лыжах skating – бег на коньках yachting – парусный спорт track-and-fields – легкая атлетика athletics – атлетика football basketball volley-ball cycling – езда на велоси­педе wrestling – борьба tennis billiard fencing – фехтование weightlifting – тяжелая атлетика rowing – гребля team – команда sport facilities – спортивное обо­рудование

stadium – стадион championship – чемпионат competition – соревнование sporting ground – спортплощадка tourist camp – туристический лагерь sporting society – спортобщество to win victory – одержать победу to lose victory – потерпеть пора­жение to go in for sports (to do sports) – заниматься спортом to cheer for ... – болеть за ... to hold the Olympic games – проводить олим­пийские игры to be at one's disposal – быть в распоряжении to score the goal – забить гол a coach – тренер a court – корт, площадка an amateur – любитель a tournament – турнир a swimming pool – бассейн a fan – болельщик a match - матч

Обратите внимание на использование глаголов do, go , play:

do athletics diving gymnastics judo karate motor racing

go cycling fishing hang-gliding horse riding ice-skating jogging rock-climbing sailing skiing swimming water-skiing windsurfing

play badminton basketball football golf ice-hockey (table) tennis volleyball

Medical Assistance / A Visit to a Doctor

1. Тематический словарь

health – здоровье headache – головная боль heartache – боль в сердце toothache – зубная боль backache – боль в спине earache – боль в ухе bad pain – сильная боль stomach – желудок; живот to complain of – жаловаться на sore throat – боль в горле cough – кашель to run a high temperature – иметь высокую температуру bad cold in one's head - сильная простуда to suffer from – страдать от blood pressure – кровяное давление to consult a doctor – обратиться к врачу to examine – осмотреть to feel one's pulse – проверить пульс to test one's blood pressure – измерить кровяное давление to take one's temperature – измерить температуру to sound one's heart and lungs – прослушать сердце и легкие to test one's eyes – проверить зрение to check one's teeth – проверить зубы to have one's chest X-rayed – сделать рентген грудной клетки

to prescribe – прописать (лечение), выписать (рецепт) treatment – лечение pill – пилюля tablet – таблетка medicine – лекарство at the chemist's – в аптеке complication – осложнение to follow one's recommendations – следовать рекомендациям weakness – слабость insomnia – бессонница memory loss – потеря памяти liver – печень patient – пациент to cure – излечивать disease – болезнь advice – совет to have a good rest – хорошо отдохнуть to take long walks – много ходить пешком Eat at pleasure, drink with measure, and enjoy life as it is. – Ешьте вволю, пейте в меру и наслаждайтесь жизнью. to be well – хорошо себя чувствовать to smoke – курить cheerful – бодрый healthy – здоровый

2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по теме “Medical Assistance / A Visit to a Doctor”:

1. Have you ever had complications after a disease? Which did you take harder, the disease itself or the complications after it?

2. What do you usually do for a headache?

3. Have you ever had your chest X-rayed?

4. What symptoms of flu do you know?

5. How often do you go to the dentist to check your teeth?

6. What must one do to keep in good health?

7. When does one go to see a doctor?

8. Where do we get the medicine which the doctor prescribes?

9. How long does it usually take you to recover from cold?

10. Have you ever been operated on? Was it serious?

11. Do you agree with the saying "Health is the greatest wealth"?

3. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова (текст Б):

healthy; complained; followed; recommended; medicine; easy.

An old gentleman came to see a doctor. The man was very ill.

He 1_____ of weakness, insomnia, memory loss and serious problems with his heart, lungs and liver.

The doctor examined the patient and said that no 2_____ could cure his disease. Do you want to know what the doctor's advice was?

First of all, he told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest. He also advised him to eat more roast beef, drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks. In other words, the doctor 3_____ to follow the rule: "Eat at pleasure, drink with measure, and enjoy life as it is." The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again, he shouldn't smoke more than one cigarette a day.

A month later the gentleman came into the doctor's office. He looked cheerful and 4_____. He thanked the doctor and said that he was now a different man. He was very well again. He said that he had 5_____ all the doc­tor's recommendations.

"But you know, doctor," he said, "it's not 6_____ to begin smoking at my age."

4. Прочитайте и переведите следующие диалоги:

Диалог № 1

Traveller (T)

Doctor (D)

D: Well, what’s the matter with you, Mr. Miller?

T: You’d better ask me what is not the matter with me, doctor. I seem to be suffering from all the illnesses imaginable: insomnia, headaches, backache, indigestion and pains in the stomach. To make things still worse, I’ve caught a cold, I've got a sore throat, and I'm constantly sneezing and coughing. To crown it all, I had an accident the other day, hurt my right shoulder, leg and knee, and nearly broke my neck. If I take a long walk, I get short of breath. In fact, I feel more dead than alive.

D: I'm sorry to hear that. Anyhow, I hope things aren't as bad as you imagine. Let me examine you... Your heart, chest and lungs seem to be all right. Now open your mouth and show me your tongue. Now breathe in deeply through the nose...

There doesn't seem to be anything radically wrong with you, but it's quite clear that you're run down, and if you don't take care of yourself, you may have a nervous breakdown and have to go to hospital. I advise you, first of all to stop worrying. Take a long rest, have regular meals, keep to a diet of salads and fruit, and very little meat. Keep off alcohol. If possible, give up smoking, at least for a time. Have this tonic made up and take two tablespoonfuls three times a day before meals. If you do this, I can promise you full reсоvеrу within two or three months.

T: And if I don't, doctor?

D: Then you'd better make your will, if you haven't yet done so!

T: I see. Well, thank you, doctor. I shall have to think it over and decide which in the lesser evil – to follow your advice or prepare for a better world.

indigestion – расстройство пищеварения to catch a cold - простудиться to sneeze - чихать to crown it all – в довершении всего to hurt – травмировать, ранить a tongue – язык to be run down – чувствовать себя уставшим

to have a nervous breakdown – быть подвергнутым нервному расстройству to keep off – воздержаться от a tablespoonful – столовая ложка full reсоvеrу – полное выздоровление to make one’s will – составить завещание the lesser evil – меньшее зло

Диалог № 2

Wayne fell off his bicycle. He's in the casualty department at the local hos­pital. Dr Singh is examining him.

Doctor: Hello, Wayne, isn't it? You've had a bit of a fall. What were you doing? Going too fast?

Wayne: Yes, doctor. I fell off going round a corner.

Doctor: You'd better get undressed then, and we'll take a look at you. Mm. That's a nasty cut. I'll have to put a couple of stitches in that.

Wayne: I've got a cut here too, doctor.

Doctor: It looks worse than it is. It's only a graze. The nurse will clean it up for you. It'll sting, but that's all. Now, does it hurt anywhere else?

Wayne: I've got a pain in my arm. It's very sore, and it feels stiff.

Doctor: Well, there's nothing broken, but you've bruised your shoulder, it'll be sore for a few days. Now, did you bang your head at all?

Wayne: Yes, I did. I fell onto the bike, but it doesn't hurt now.

Doctor: Did you feel dizzy?

Wayne: No, not at all.

Doctor: Look up there, I'm just going to shine this light in your eye. No, that's fine. I'll just do the stitches, and the nurse will put a dressing on it. Then you can go

home.

the casualty department – отделение скорой помощи to put stitches – наложить швы a cut – порез a graze – царапина

to sting – жечь stiff – оцепеневший to bruise – поставить синяк to feel dizzy – чувствовать головокружение

5. Составьте диалог по теме “A Visit to a Doctor”. Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:

I am not feeling well. – Я плохо себя чувствую.

I am very ill. – Мне очень плохо.

Is there a doctor here? – Здесь есть врач?

Please, call a doctor. – Вызовите, пожалуйста врача.

Can I request a doctor house call? – Я могу вызвать врача на дом?

I’m not a resident of the area. – Я не местный житель.

I have an eleven o’clock appointment. – Я записан на 11 утра.

I have got a headache. – У меня болит голова.

Do I have to go to the hospital? – Мне придется лечь в больницу?

What shall I take for it? – Какие лекарства мне принимать?

When shall I see you again? – Когда мне снова прийти к Вам?