3. Duodenal Atresia.

***) A newly born presented with persistent bile stained vomiting. Straight, erect abdominal radiograph showed “double bubble” appearance in the upper abdomen. This infant has:

1. Meconium ileus

2. Duodenal atresia

3. Imperforated anus

4. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

5. Congenital intussusception

Answer: B* Duodenal atresia

***) All of the following are causes of non bile stained vomiting, except:

1. Feeding problem

2. Gastro-esophageal reflux

3. Pyloric stenosis

4. Duodenal atresia

5. Hidden infection (meningitis)

Answer: D* Duodenal atresia

4. Vomiting.

***) Common causes of vomiting in children including all the following, except:

1. Over feeding

2. Duodenal atresia

3. Gastro-esophageal reflux

4. Gastroenteritis

5. Pyloric stenosis

Answer: B* Duodenal atresia

***) The common cause of regurgitation in a normal young infant is:

1. Faulty feeding technique

2. Pyloric stenosis

3. Gastroesophageal reflux

4. Constipation

5. Lactose intolerance

Answer: A* Faulty feeding technique

5. Diarrhea.

***) The commonest cause for acute simple gastroenteritis is:

1. Escherichia

2. Shigella

3. Rotavirus

4. Salmonella

5. Adenovirus

Answer: C* Rotavirus

***) All of the following are causes of chronic diarrhea in children:

1. Enterobius vermicularis

2. Lamblia giardia

3. Entameba histolytica

4. Celiac disease

5. Cystic fibrosis

Answer: A* Enterobius vermicularis

***) One of the following measures is recommended in managing diarrhea in children:

1. Using antibiotics for Gram-positive bacteria

2. Using antibiotics for Gram-negative bacteria

3. Attempting to reduce intestinal motility by using suitable drugs

4. Attempting to stop vomiting by using suitable drugs

5. Attempting to prevent reaching the stage when intravenous therapy is needed

Answer: E* Attempting to prevent reaching the stage when intravenous therapy is needed

6. Celiac Disease.

***) Regarding celiac dieses all are true, except:

1. Manifestations start after birth immediately

2. Gluten-free diet is helpful

3. Some cases may develop lymphoma

4. Endomysial antibodies is useful test

5. The main problem is in absorption

Answer: A* Manifestations start after birth immediately

***) All of the following are manifestations of celiac disease, except:

1. Short stature

2. Constipation

3. Delayed puberty

4. Pallor

5. Bloody diarrhea

Answer: B* Constipation

7. Milk Protein Allergy.

***) Cow's milk protein allergy may present in all of the following ways, except

1. An exacerbation of eczema

2. Infantile colic

3. Chronic wheezing in the first year of life

4. Bloody colitis in infancy

5. Thrombocytopenia

Answer: E* Thrombocytopenia

8. Constipation.

***) Which of the following statements about Hirschsprung's disease is not true:

1. It may be a cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction

2. It may involve the entire colon

3. It may be associated with an increased incidence of Down's syndrome

4. It may be associated with enterocolitis

5. Barium enema is always diagnostic for infants older than one month

Answer: E* Barium enema is always diagnostic for infants older than one month