I. Design

1. ACTIVE VOCABULARY

Match the words and their translation

pottery величина

approach определение

adjustment исследование

research подход

dimension урегулирование

specification керамика

2. READ THE TEXT

Design is the creation of a plan or convention for the construction of an object or a system (as in architectural blueprints, engineering drawings, business processes, circuit diagrams and sewing patterns). Design has different connotations in different fields. In some cases the direct construction of an object (as in pottery, engineering, management, cowboy coding and graphic design) is also considered to be design.

More formally design has been defined as follows:

• (noun) a specification of an object, manifested by an agent, intended to accomplish goals, in a particular environment, using a set of primitive components, satisfying a set of requirements, subject to constraints;

• (verb, transitive) to create a design, in an environment (where the designer operates).

Another definition for design is “a roadmap or a strategic approach for someone to achieve a unique expectation. It defines the specifications, plans, parameters, costs, activities, processes and how and what to do within legal, political, social, environmental, safety and economic constraints in achieving that objective.”

Here, a "specification" can be manifested as either a plan or a finished product, and "primitives" are the elements from which the design object is composed.

With such a broad denotation, there is no universal language or unifying institution for designers of all disciplines. This allows for many differing philosophies and approaches toward the subject.

The person designing is called a designer, which is also a term used for people who work professionally in one of the various design areas, usually also specifying which area is being dealt with (such as a fashion designer, concept designer or web designer). A designer's sequence of activities is called a design process. The scientific study of design is called design science.

Designing often necessitates considering the aesthetic, functional, economic and sociopolitical dimensions of both the design object and design process. It may involve considerable research, thought, modeling, interactive adjustment, and re-design. Meanwhile, diverse kinds of objects may be designed, including clothing, graphical user interfaces, skyscrapers, corporate identities, business processes and even methods of designing.

3. READING COMPREHENSION

Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the exercise 1

1. Produce a detailed written ________ of the work you want done.

2) Images can by limited by color, animation and pixel ________.

3) _______ recovered from the excavation was a crude hand-made type believed to date from the iron age.

4) _______ project takes a third of the time.

5) We’ve had to make some _______ to our calculations.

6) To achieve this a catchment based ________ is required.

4. READING COMPREHENSION

Given below are certain statements. Write ‘T’ against true statements and ‘F’ against false statements

1. The notion “design” denotes the same in different fields.

2. Design considers different dimensions, such as aesthetic, functional, etc.

3. There is just one approach to the subject of “design”.

4. Methods of designing are one of the objects of design process.

5. Design can be “the direct construction of an object”, as well as “just its convention”.

5. SPEAKING PRACTICE

Discuss with your groupmates what is considered to be “design process”.