21. Use the correct tense- and voice-forms of the verbs in brackets.

A violent crime (to occur) every 31 seconds. According to FBI figures, in a 24-hour period, there (to be) 53 murders, 1,400 assaults and 180 cases of rape in the United States. And the rate of these crimes (to continue) to grow.

“It’s an old saying around here that the victim of the crime actually (to victimize) twice: once by the criminal and once by the criminal justice system,” (to say) the head of an agency that (to help) victims of crime. This agency (to put) together a book entitled “The Criminal Justice System”, which (to note) that the criminal (to have) only a 20% chance of being arrested.

If criminals (to arrest), they (to advise) on their legal rights and (to give) medical treatment if they (to require) it. If they can’t afford to hire their own attorney, one (to give) to them at the government’s expense. Then they (to get) a hearing and a bail (to set). If their bail (to pay), they (to release) and (to tell) to appear on the set trial date.

The trial itself (to offer) a number of options to the criminal. The defence (to have) the right to answer the changes that (to make), prove certain evidence to be inadmissible and postpone the trial’s proceedings.

22. Reading Comprehension. Read the story and choose the correct option.

George had stolen some money, but the police had caught him and he had been put in prison. Now his trial was about to begin, and he felt sure that he would be found guilty and sent to prison for a long time. Then he discovered that an old friend of his was one of the members of the jury at his trial. Of course, he did not tell anybody, but he managed to see his friend secretly one day. He said to him, Jim, I know that the jury will find me guilty of having stolen the money. I cannot hope to be found not guilty of taking it – that would be too much to expect. But I should be grateful to you for the rest of my life if you could persuade the other members of the jury to soften the punishment.

“Well, George,” answered Jim, I shall certainly try to do what I can for you as an old friend, but of course I cannot promise anything. The other eleven people on the jury look terribly strong-minded to me.

George said that he would quite understand if Jim was not able to do anything for him, and thanked him warmly for agreeing to help. The trial went on, and at last the time came for the jury to decide whether George was guilty or not. It took them five hours, but in the end they found George guilty, with a strong recommendation to soften the punishment.

Of course, George was very pleased, but he did not have a chance to see Jim for some time after the trial. At last, however, Jim visited him in prison, and George thanked him warmly and asked him how he had managed to persuade the other members of the jury to soften the punishment.

“Well, George,” Jim answered, as I thought, those eleven men were very difficult to persuade, but I managed it in the end by tiring them out. Do you know those fools had all wanted to find you not guilty.

1. Which of the following best describes the main idea of the story?

   1. A friend in need is a friend indeed

   2. Any crime should be punished

   3. Good intention often has the opposite effect

   4. It is always easy to persuade the members of the jury.

2. Why did George ask his friend to do him a favour?

   1. His friend Jim knew the legislation

   2. Jim could see his friend secretly as he worked in prison

   3. Jim was the member of the Parliament

   4. Jim was one of those who was to decide if George was guilty.

3. George said that he would be grateful to Jim for the rest of his life if:

   1. Jim could persuade the jury to find him not guilty

   2. Jim could persuade the jury to pardon him.

   3. Jim could persuade the jury to make his punishment less severe.

   4. Jim could persuade the jury to fine him.

4. How did Jim manage to meet George’s request?

   1. He said that George had not stolen the money.

   2. The members of the jury were tired and they agreed.

   3. He had worked in prison for a long time and knew everybody there.

   4. He was an experienced lawyer.

5. Which of the following was not mentioned in the text?

   1. Why George had been put in prison.

   2. What George asked his friend about.

   3. How many members there were in the jury.

   4. George’s reaction to the news.

23. Reading Comprehension. Read the story and choose the correct option.

Winter was coming, and Soapy, one of the many thousands of New York pickpockets, felt uneasy. He knew that the time had come for him to look for shelter. Soapy’s desires were not great. Three months in prison was what he wanted. There he was sure of a little food and a bed, safe from winter wind and the cold. For years prison had been his shelter during winter. Now the time had come again.

Having decided to go to prison, Soapy at once set about fulfilling his desire. There were many easy ways of doing this. The pleasantest was to dine well at some expensive restaurant, and then, after saying that he could not pay, be quietly arrested by a policeman and sent to prison by the judge. But just as Soapy entered the restaurant door, the head waiter’s eyes fell upon his shabby trousers and boots. Strong hands turned him round and pushed him to the sidewalk.

Soapy turned off Broadway. He had to think of another way of getting to prison. At a corner of Sixth Avenue he saw a brightly lit shop window. Soapy took a cobble stone and threw it at the glass and broke it. People came running around the corner, a policeman at their head. Soapy stood still, with his hands in his pockets, and smiling when he saw the policeman’s blue coat. “Where is the man that has done it?” shouted the policeman. “Do you think I have done it?’, said Soapy in a friendly way. The policeman didn’t understand Soapy’s hint. Men who break windows do not usually remain to speak to the policemen. They run away. Just then the policeman saw a man hurrying to catch a car. Club in hand, he rushed after that man. Soapy had failed again.

At last he reached a street where there was little traffic and few pedestrians. At a quiet corner he suddenly stopped. There was an old church in front of him. Through the windows a soft light shone, and he heard the sweet music of the organ which made him approach the iron fence. The moon was above, cold and beautiful, and the music made Soapy suddenly remember those days when his life contained such things as mothers and roses, and collars. Soapy listened to the music and murmured to himself: “There is time yet. I will reform. I will become an honest man.” Soapy felt a hand on his arm. He looked quickly around into the broad face of a policeman. “Then come along,” said the policeman. “Thinking of robbing the church, eh?” “Three months’ imprisonment,” said the judge in the Police Court the next morning.

1. Why did Soapy feel uneasy when winter came?

1. He felt that he was a lost man and his time was up.

2. He was homeless and needed a place to stay in winter.

3. His pickpocketing business wasn’t good in winter.

4. He had no hopes for better life.

2. Why did Soapy break the shop window?

1. He wanted to be imprisoned for a minor offence.

2. He was drunk and couldn’t realize what he was doing.

3. It was his act of protest against his miserable life.

4. Neither of these reasons is right.

3. Why did Soapy fail in his second attempt to be arrested?

1. The policeman felt sorry for Soapy.

2. The policeman’s attention was distracted by the man, running after a bus.

3. The policeman was deceived by Soapy’s behavior.

4. All criminals always speak to the policemen in a friendly way.

4. What made Soapy stop in front of the old church?

1. The music was very loud.

2. He was bewildered by the beauty of the old church.

3. The romantic atmosphere arose sweet memories in his heart.

4. He was thinking of robbing the church.

Cobble stone - булыжник

Club(n) - дубинка

To murmur – шептать, бормотать

To be bewildered [biʹwildəd] – быть смущённым, озадаченным, сбитым с толку.

24. Read the text and choose a, b, or c.

Burglar caught by clever cartoonist.

William Ellis Green, aged 82, was making his breakfast when he heard somebody in the garden. “I went out of the back door and suddenly I saw this bloke running towards me. He pushed me out of the way and took my bicycle from the garden shed.” Mr. Green did not resist, as he knew he would come off second best in a fight with the intruder. The burglar tried to cycle away, but the tyres on the bike were flat so it was difficult to ride. “He kept falling off the bicycle,” said Mr. Green, “at least three or four times.” After the man had fled, Mr. Green called the local police.

When they arrived, officers asked him to describe the man, but instead he offered to draw them a picture. “When Mr. Green started drawing,” said one of the police officers, “I knew straight away who the burglar was.” In fact, Mr. Green had worked for more than 20 years in daily newspapers doing caricatures of Australian footballers. “I had no difficulty in remembering the man’s face because he was so close to me.” He said.

Police cruised the neighbourhood in a patrol car with the sketch in search of the alleged burglar and they found him within half an hour. “The cartoon was a perfect likeness of the burglar,” said another police officer.

Police believe that this is the first time they have ever caught a suspect with a cartoon sketch. Phil Rushford, a senior police constable, said that in the past some victims had used their mobile phones to take photographs at crime scenes, but they hadn’t been as effective.

A 34-year-old man is expected to be charged with theft, burglary, and assault. The missing bike was later found in a road nearby.

1. Mr.Green didn’t fight the burglar because … .

1. he was wearing his best clothes

2. he knew he would lose

3. the burglar was too quick

2. “Flat” means … .

1. broken

2. not round

3. without air

3. Mr. Green used to be … .

1. an artist

2. a footballer

3. a journalist

4. “Cruised” means … .

1. drove around slowly

2. looked everywhere

3. went at top speed

5. According to the police, … .

1. crime victims should take photos

2. a drawing can be better than a photo

3. mobile phone photos cannot be used in court.

6. “Assault” means … .

1. attacking someone

2. stealing property

3. breaking into someone’s house