- •Text law
- •I. Learn the words to read and translate the text.
- •II. Read the text once again and decide if the sentences are true (t) or false (f).
- •III. Match each word or phrase in column a with a meaning in column b.
- •The Russian Sestem of Law
- •1. Scan the text in order to match these words and phrases with their definitions below.
- •5. Match these words & phrases with their Russian equivalents.
- •The Legal System in uk and usa
- •2. Read the text in detail to find the answers to the 10 "What"-questions below.
- •3. Word study. Find adjectives in the text related to these nouns:
- •4. Find nouns in the text related to these verbs:
- •Judicial system
- •I. Learn the words to read and translate the text.
- •II. Match the synonyms:
- •III. Match each word or phrase in column a with a meaning in column b.
- •IV. Answer the questions.
- •Judicial Institutions
- •I. Learn the words to read and translate the text.
- •II. Scan the text to find the answers to the questions:
- •IV. Here are some dictionary definitions of words. Name the jobs.
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •Courts in Russia
- •Courts in uk
- •Courts in usa
- •Types of Legal Professions in uk
- •What is a crime?
- •Classification of Offences
- •Civil and Criminal Penalties
Judicial system
I. Learn the words to read and translate the text.
judicial[dзu:'diςəl] - судебный; законный, принадлежащий закону
court of law - суд, действующий по нормам статутного и общего права
judge [dзadз] – судья; судить, рассматривать дело
decision – judgment - решение или определение суда
modify ['modifai] - видоизменять, трансформировать, модифицировать; подправлять, корректировать, вносить поправки
abolish [ə'boliς] 1) аннулировать, отменять, упразднять
apply - применять
capacity – способность; правоспособность; дееспособность; должность; компетенция
legal action - правовое действие; судебное дело, судебный процесс; судебный иск
state body – государственный орган
to administer justice - вершить правосудие
on behalf of - от лица, от имени (кого-л.)
original jurisdiction - юрисдикция суда первой инстанции, первичная юрисдикция
appellate jurisdiction - право вышестоящего суда пересмотреть решение нижестоящего суда
appeal [ə'pi:l] - апелляция, апелляционная жалоба; обжалование; апеллировать, подавать апелляционную жалобу; обжаловать
sentence - приговор (к наказанию); наказание (по приговору); приговаривать (к наказанию); вердикт; решение суда
reassessment [ˏriə'sesmənt] – пересмотр
to sit as - заседать в качестве
The judicial system is connected with courts of law, judges, or their decisions.
In all legal systems there are institutions to create, modify, abolish and apply the law. They are courts. The role of each court and its capacity to make decisions is strictly defined. A particular court can specialize in particular kinds of legal actions. The court is a state body that administers justice on behalf of the state.
There are courts of the first instance (original jurisdiction) and the second instance (appellate jurisdiction). A court in which a case is first heard is called the court of first instance. A court of second instance examines appeals and protests against sentences and decisions of first instance courts.
If a person feels his case was not fairly treated in a lower court, they can appeal to a higher court for reassessment.
Any court may sit as a court of the first instance.
II. Match the synonyms:
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III. Match each word or phrase in column a with a meaning in column b.
A B
1. judicial system |
a) a public official with authority to hear cases in a court of law and pronounce judgment upon them |
2. court |
b) verdict |
3. judge |
c) put an end to |
4. decision |
d) legal system |
5. abolish |
e) an authority having power to adjudicate in civil, criminal, military, or ecclesiastical matters |