Presentation 2 Parts of the skeletal and muscular systems

Task 1: Read the text about the skeletal and muscular systems and find all their parts.

1. Parts of the skeletal system are:……………………………………...............…

2. Parts of the muscular system are: ……………………………….......................

T he skeleton is the name given to the collection of the bones that hold our body up, protect our organs such as the brain, the heart and the lungs, give us the shape that we have and allow us to move because our muscles are attached to the bones. The bones join together to form joints. The end of each bone is covered by the cartilage. The bones are held together by strong, stretchy bands called the ligaments. The bones of the body fall, into four general categories: long bones, short bones, flat bones and irregular bones.

Bodily movement is carried out by the interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems. The muscles are attached to the bones by stretchy tissue referred as the tendons. There are three types of muscles: skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and the cardiac muscle.

Task 2 Describe the pictures (types of bones and muscles)

Task 3: Complete the chart showing the basic characteristic of the muscle tissues with the vocabulary under the chart.

	Skeletal muscles	Cardiac muscle	Smooth muscles
are/is found in
function
are/is controlled
shape of the cells
number of nuclei in the cells

1. a) heart b) urinary bladder c) blood vessels d) attached to bones e) digestive tract walls

2. a) movement of substances in lumens of the body b) movement of body and maintaining body posture c) pumping blood

3. a) voluntarily by somatic nervous system

b) involuntarily by autonomic nervous system

4. a) spindle shaped b) elongated c) branched

5. a) singe nucleus in the centre of the cell b) multiple nuclei on the periphery of the cell

c) one or two nuclei in the centre of the cell

Task 4 The bones of the skeletal system: there are also some colloquial expressions used instead of the Latin terms. Write the correct pairs. The first one has been done as an example.

Skeleton

1. r ib cage: thoracic cage

2. ......................... : costa

3. upper jaw bone: …………………….

4. lower jaw bone: ………………..……

5. breastbone /chest bone: ……………..

6. bone of the upper arm: ………………

7. bone of the thigh/thigh bone: ………..

8. knee cap: …………………………….

9. bones of the fingers: ………………...

10. bones of the toes: ……………………

11. tail bone: ……………………………..

12. collar bone: ………………………….

13. shoulder blade: ………………….…...

14. ....................... : cranium