1) Jack London. Collection of stories “ The Son of the Wolf», different short stories.

His works are combination of realism, romanticism and naturalism.

London`s first works were all based on his dramatic experience of the life in the North.

London`s social works beginning of the 20-th century. «Martin Eden»-it is an autobiographical novel which traces all the life stages and hardship of London.

2) Theodore Dreiser (1871-1945) novelist who was the outstanding American practitioner of naturalism.

Theodore Herman Albert Dreiser (August 27, 1871 – December 28, 1945) was an American novelist and journalist of the naturalistschool. His novels often featured main characters who succeeded at their objectives despite a lack of a firm moral code, and literary situations that more closely resemble studies of nature than tales of choice and agency.^[1] Dreiser's best known novels include Sister Carrie (1900) and An American Tragedy (1925). Sister Carrie,  Jennie Gerhardt, was published in 1911.  An American Tragedy, published in 1925, Trilogy of Desire.

10) MODERNISM IN AMERICAN LITERATURE. W. FAULKNER.

The flourishing of modernism dates back to the 20 - 30ss of the 20 century. Naturally the name of the trend comes of the word "modern" - something new and fresh. It differs from realism in many basic ways:

1) modernists saw the cause of human actions in man's subconscious or subliminal sphere.

2) modernists concentrated on man's inner world, thoughts and feelings. For this purpose they elaborated a special technique known as. "a stream of consciousness".

3) that of stream of consciousness - "an interior monologue" ("внутренний монолог").

The very term "stream of consciousness" is a phrase which describes the unspoken thoughts and feelings of the character.

4) Modernism was both a period in art and a literary trend. Zigmund Freud. He split human nature into levels:

The Super Ego (Сверх Я) -the Ego (Я) - the Id (Подсознательное) –

1)Experiments with time and lang-e

2)Plot structure (exp), schooling situations

The most prominent modernist prosaic writers were Henry James & William Faulkner.

William Faulkner had in his works both the traces of "the lost generation" & modernism. William Faulkner had in his works both the traces of "the lost generation" & modernism. W. Faulkner was born in the state of Mississippi, he took part in World War I (but not for long as he was wounded & came back home). As it was already mentioned his works were influenced by the war experience ("Soldier's Pay") and often dealt with the theme of "the lost generation". Besides he also represented the Southern School of Writers.

11) Realism in american literature of the 2nd half of the 20th century. J. D. Salinger, t. Capote, j. Updike.

American people and the authors among them were left disillusioned by the effects that World War I had on their society. America needed a literature that would explain what had happened and what was happening to their society. The influence of 19th Century realism and naturalism and their truthful representation of American life and people was evident in post World War I modernism.

War diminished the individual identity and the society as a whole.

 The realistic movement of the late 20th century saw authors accurately depict life and its problems. Realists attempted to “give a comprehensive picture of modern life” by presenting many walks of life. Realists created this picture of America by combining a wide variety of “details derived from observation and documentation” to “approach the norm of experience”. Along with this technique, realists compared the “objective or absolute existence” in America to that of the “universal truths, or observed facts of life”. In other words, realists objectively looked at American society and pointed out the aspects that it had in common with the general truths of existence. This realistic movement evolved as a result of many changes and transitions in American culture. Realists such as Henry James and William Dean Howells, two of the most prolific writers of the 20 century, used typical realistic methods to create an accurate depiction of changing American life.

J. D. Salinger was born in New York. His father was an importer of ham and cheese. He didn’t study well at school so he was enrolled to a military academy. He began writing there his first short stories. In 1940 he published his first story the Young Men. During WWII he spent 4 years in the army. After Hemmingway read his stories he said that the writer was talented.