Syntactical Stylistic Devices:

Inversion

1. At no time did I say I would accept late homework.

2. Hardly had I left before the trouble started.

3. Not a single word did she say.

4. Silently he left the room.

Rhetorical questions

1. When public money brings windfalls to a few, why should the state not take a share?

2. Who will be open where there is no sympathy, or has call to speak to those who never can understand?

Ellipsis

1. A poor boy … No father, no mother, no any one.

2. Fast asleep – no passion in the face, no anxiety, no wild desire; all gentle, tranquil, and at peace.

Repetition

Ordinary repetition:

“A thousand pounds! A thousand pounds!” The words were magical. “A thousand pounds!”

Anaphora – repetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more successive verses, clauses, or sentences.

It were better that he knew nothing. Better for common sense, better for him, better for me.

A man without ambition is dead. A man with ambition but no love is dead. A man with ambition and love for his blessings here on earth is ever so alive.

Epiphora – repeatition of a sequence of words at the end of neighboring clauses to give them emphasis.

I wake up and I`m alone, and I walk round Warley and I`m alone, and I talk with people and I`m alone and I look at his face when I`m home and it`s dead …

Framing repetition – the initial parts of a syntactical unit, in most cases of a paragraph, are repeated at the end of it.

He ran away from the battle. He was an ordinary human being that didn`t want to kill or be killed, so he ran away from the battle.

Anadiplosis ( catch repetition) is the repetition of the last word of a preceding clause. The word is used at the end of a sentence and then used again at the beginning of the next sentence.:

1. If you have anything to say, say it, say it.

2. Noust in the grass , grass in the wind , wind on the lark , lark for the sun .

3. Failure meant poverty, poverty meant squalor (нищета, убогость), squalor led, in the final stages, to the smells and stagnation of B.Inn Alley.

Parallelism refers to placing similarly structured elements in apposition to one another in a given sentence, so as to make it sound better and easier to understand (the usage of repeating words and forms to give pattern and rhythm to a passage in literature) 1. The coach was waiting, the horses were fresh, the roads were good, and the driver was willing.

2. You know I`m very grateful to him, don`t you? You know I feel a true respect for him, don`t you?

3. The Reverend Frank Milvey`s abode (жилище) was a very modest abode, because his income was a very modest income.

Chiasmus is a literary device in which two or more clauses are repeated in reverse order, and for which the inverted clauses may be either parallel to or in contrast to the corresponding clause in the first part of the chiasmus (inverted parallelism).

1. I looked at the gun and the gun looked at me.

2. There are so many sons who won`t have anything to do with their fathers, and so many fathers who won`t speak to their sons.

Polysyndeton – repetition of conjunctions or connecting words

1. And they wore their best and more colourful clothes. Red shirts and green shirts, and yellow shirts, and pink shirts.

2. Bella soaped his face and rubbed his face, and soaped his hands and rubbed his hands, and splashed him, and rinsed him and toweled him, until he was as red as beetroot.

Asyndeton – absence of conjunctions or connecting words

The pulsating motion of Malay Camp at night was everywhere. People sang. Peopled cried. People fought. People loved. People hated. Others were sad. Others were gay. Others with friends. Others lonely. Some died. Some were born.