Back-Formation (Reversion)

(28) The earliest examples:

to beg ← Fr. borrowing beggar, V ← N

to burgle ← burglar, reverse process

to cobble ← cobbler of N ← V (painter ← to paint)

↑ ↑

subtraction affixation

↑

back-formation or reversion

(29) to butle ← butler,

to baby-sit ← baby-sitter,

to force-land ← forced landing,

to blood-transfuse ← blood-transfusion,

to fingerprint ← finger printings,

to straphang ← straphanger.