2. Answer the following questions

1. What is engineering as a problem?

2. What general areas do engineering courses fall in?

3. What are scientists and engineers concerned with?

4. Do engineers conduct fundamental research?

5. Who is the implementation of engineering carried out by?

6. What is an engineer engaged in?

7. Is the process of design in the center of an engineer’s achievement?

8. What two terms are frequently used interchangeably?

9. How do engineers adapt science to human needs?

3. Match the words

application	досягнення
device	конструювання
course	діяльність
design	cтворення
adapt	пристосовувати
law	закон
conduct	проводити
activity	курс
to be engaged	приймати участь
creation	прилад
achievement	застосування

4. Translate into English

Визначення, тверде тіло, прилад, темп, застосувати, проводити, прикладний, встановлювати, удосконалення, досягнення, створення, дослідження, відноситися, фундаментальний, курс.

5. Translate into Ukrainian

Apt, advanced, degree, development, adapt, associate, recognize, application, install, hardware, maintain, supervision, fluid, frequently, solution.

6. Translate into English:

1. Ви будете здивовані їх відповідями.

2. Це узагальнене і повністю відповідне пояснення (визначення).

3. Вчені займаються розширенням наших знань щодо основних законів природи.

4. Діяльність інженера знаходиться у спектрі від фундаментальних до прикладних наук.

5. Поєднання наукових досліджень з інженерними розробками – це створення нових або удосконалення існуючих речей.

7. Practise asking questions. Ask all possible questions to the different members of the sentence

1. Scientists are concerned with extending our knowledge about the fundamental laws of nature.

2. Today the typical engineer is a college graduate, quite often with an advanced degree.

8. Speak on the topic “What is engineering”

Text b. Scientific and engineering progress

9. Read the text

It's difficult to overestimate the role of science and technology in our life. They accelerate the development of civilization and help us in our co-operation with nature.

Scientists investigate the laws of the universe, discover the secrets of nature, and apply their knowledge in practice improving the life of people. Let's compare our life nowadays with the life of people at the beginning of the 20th century. It has changed beyond recognition.

Our ancestors hadn't the slightest idea of the trivial things created by the scientific progress that we use in our everyday life. We mean TV sets, computers, microwave ovens, radio telephones, what not.

They would seem miracles that made our life easy, comfortable and pleasant. On the other hand, the great inventions of the beginning of the 20th century, such as radio, airplanes, combustion and jet engines have become usual things and we can't imagine our life without them. A century is a long period for scientific and technological progress, as it's rather rapid. Millions of investigations the endless number of outstanding discoveries has been made. The 20-th century has had several names that were connected with a certain era in science and technology. At first it was called the atomic age due to the discovery of the splitting of the atom. Then it became the age of the conquest of space when for the first time in the history of mankind a man overcame the gravity and entered the Universe. And now we live in the information era when the computer network embraces the globe and connects not only the countries and space stations but a lot of people all over the world. All these things prove the power and the greatest progressive role of science in our life.

But every medal has its reverse. The rapid scientific progress has aroused a number of problems that are a matter of our great concern. These are ecological problems, the safety of nuclear power stations, the nuclear war threat, the responsibility of a scientist. But still we are grateful to the outstanding men of the past and the present who have courage and patience to disclose the secrets of the Universe.

10. Answer the following questions

1. What accelerates the development of civilization and helps us in our cooperation with nature?

2. What is the domain of the scientists’ activity?

3. What are the great inventions of the beginning of the 20-th century?

4. How do we call the 20-th century?

5. What era do we live in?

11. Make a plan of the text

12. Translate the part of the text in italics in a written form

13. Retell the text according to your plan