2.2 Building a summer and winter daily grid load graphs
Daily graph of electric load for the winter (December) and summer (July) of the day for each sector of the economy are constructed as a percentage of the annual maximum
Annual (winter) daily maximum electrical load is determined for each industry:
,
(3)
where Wsec- the value of the annual energy consumption of the given sector;
-
The
annual number of hours of use of maximum electrical load for the
sector.
The summer maximum electrical load is usually taken to be 75% of the winter peak. Typical daily load curve shown in Appendix A, Table 1.
Based on industry-standard daily graphs built (in tabular and graphical forms) total daily winter graph of the electrical power system load. For winter peak total daily load curve cause the power consumption by industry (for this period of time) and their percentage (of the total peak). The resulting values recorded in Table 1.
Table 1.3 – Daily consumption by industry %
A typical daily schedule of maximum power use by industry |
||||
Hours/ Branches |
Industry,% |
Municipal hose-holds,% |
Agriculture,% |
Transportation,% |
0-4 |
60 |
25 |
50 |
22 |
4-8 |
80 |
45 |
80 |
27 |
8-12 |
90 |
50 |
45 |
80 |
12-16 |
100 |
55 |
60 |
100 |
16-20 |
85 |
100 |
100 |
65 |
20-24 |
60 |
50 |
60 |
45 |
Figure 1.1 - Schedule of industrial loads
Figure 1.2 - Schedule of municipal and household loads
Figure 1.3 - Schedule of agricultural loads
Figure 1.4 – Schedule of transport loads
Figure 1.5 - Daily total energy consumption
4.3 Determination of the maximum amount of power of pSs and selection of electricity generators of the different types of stations for covering the load of region
In order to cover the electric load graphs consumers we accept in power systems (EO), three types of power plants. Covering peak will be carried out with HPP, the number of hours of operation lies in the range 2500-3000 hours per year. Capacity of CHP we accept in accordance with the level of industrial load. For the case where the quantity of industrial loads of less than 40%, capacity of the CHP is 20-25% of the total power of EO, and if the load exceeds 50%, the capacity of the CHP will be taken 25-35%. The rest of the power demand is covered by condensing power plants (CPP).
Total ES recommended to take equal not less than 6 or 7 of them 2 hydroelectric power station, 3 (4) CHP, 2 CPP. Four CHP we accept if after the distribution of the required power capacity by type reveals that the share of CHP has more than 1,200 MW. The power of individual stations is selected based on the following ratios:
40% - 45% of the total power generated by the power plants of a certain type should be generated on one station, 55% - 60% - in the rest (or in the amount on the remaining - for CHP).
When you select a unit capacity for thermal power plants should focus on the modern power units and turbine units with capacity of at least 50 MW. The share of one unit should account for 40% - 45% of all energy-producing power station units, and 55% -60% - the share of the remaining power units.
The selected equipment input into the table 2 by signing details for each block of each PS.
Table 3.5 - Structure and power equipment of power station
Nwpp=1,1*1,15*1,015*Nуст
Ngiv=7100-6600=500 МВт 86.109
Power determination of WPP:
Nwpp=1,1*1,15*1,015*500=642 МВт110.562
Since the WPP is required to maintain the sanitary flow of water in the river, then, based on these requirements, it is forbidden to completely close the gates at the HPP, and the station will have to issue a small capacity. Let's take this power equal to 10% of the rated power.
The TPP covers 30% of the required capacity:
Ntpp=0,3*7100=2130 МВт 510.42
The rest of the required capacity is covered by IES
Ncps=7100 – 2130 – 642= 4328 МВт.1080.416
Power stations and blocks |
Given power, МВт |
WPP |
|
WPP №1 |
385 |
WPP №2 |
256 |
Summary N WPP |
642 |
ТPP |
|
ТPP №1 |
852 |
TPP №2 |
639 |
ТPP №3 |
639 |
Summary N TPP |
2130 |
CPS |
|
CPS №1 |
2596 |
CPS №2 |
1732 |
Summary N CPS |
4328 |