Intrahospital infections -
are diseases of patients after
receiving medical care, as well as infection of medical personnel in
the course of their professional activities.
Intrahospital
infections are
caused:
1) by
pathogenic m / o (from carriers – personnel
or hospital visitors, patients in the incubation period);
2) by
potential pathogenic m / o (enterobacteria,
staphylococci, streptococci, pseudomonas, fungi-candida).
There is an
increase in the role of gram "-" bacteria and a decrease in
the role of gram "+".
Opportunistic
infections
- are diseases
caused by the normal microflora (by the
resident microbes)
(“opportunist" - who
uses the opportunity).
Main
reason:
A decrease in the activity of
the system of nonspecific resistance - stressful situations, a sharp
change in diet, climate, severe somatic diseases, beriberi, aging,
the use of immunosuppressive drugs.
Another
reason - dysbiosis - a change in the ratio
of microbes (most often due to the use of antibiotics).
